CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to control the brooding temperature and humidity?

How to control the brooding temperature and humidity?

(1) Control of brooding temperature Appropriate temperature is also the primary condition for brooding. Whether the temperature is appropriate directly affects the chicks' activities, feeding, drinking water and digestion and absorption of feed, and is related to the chicks' health and growth and development.

The newly hatched chicks have short and sparse down, small gastrointestinal volume, limited food intake, low heat production, and easy heat dissipation. They have poor cold resistance. Especially before 10 days old, the temperature regulation function of chicks is not perfect, and they must grow and shed their feathers to adapt to changes in external temperature. Therefore, when starting to brood chicks, a relatively high ambient temperature must be maintained, and then gradually reduced to normal temperature as they grow older.

The brooding temperature refers to the temperature under the brooder. The temperature in the brooding room is lower than that in the brooder F, so that the temperature of the floor of the brooding room can be high, medium and low. The chicks can choose the appropriate temperature according to their needs.

When brooding chicks on a flat surface, if a stove, fire wall or kang is used for heating, the thermometer should be hung 5 cm above the ground or kang surface when measuring the brooding temperature. The brooding temperature is 34-35°C 1-3 days after the chicks are placed, and drops to 32-33°C 4-7 days later, and then drops 2-3°C every week until it drops to 18-20°C. The thermometer for measuring room temperature should be hung on a wall far away from the brooder, 1 meter above the ground.

The brooding temperature varies depending on the chick breed, climate, and day and night changes, and should be adjusted according to the chick's dynamics. At night, the outside temperature is low and the chicks are resting and motionless, so the brooding temperature should be 1 degree higher than during the day. In addition, the brooding temperature should usually be higher when the outside temperature is low, and lower when the temperature is high: the brooding temperature for weak chicks is higher than that for strong chicks.

Whether the temperature is appropriate can also be known by observing the dynamics of the chicks. When the temperature is normal, the chicks are lively, have a good appetite, drink water appropriately, have smooth and neat feathers, eat diligently during the day, and are evenly dispersed around the brooder at night. When the temperature is low, the chicks are close to the heat source, crowded together, screaming from time to time, closing their eyes and being listless, and eating less. Sometimes the chicks squeezed underneath die of suffocation. If the temperature is too low, it is easy to cause colds in chicks, induce white diarrhea, and increase the mortality rate. When the temperature is high, the chicks stay away from the heat source, spread their wings and stretch their necks, open their mouths to breathe, drink water frequently, and eat less. Long-term high temperature will cause respiratory diseases and pecking in chicks.

(2) Control of brooding humidity Humidity is also an important condition for brooding, but chicken farmers do not pay enough attention to it. The humidity in the brooding room is generally expressed by relative humidity. The higher the relative humidity, the more humid the air is; the lower the relative humidity, the drier the air is. When the chicks enter the brooding room after hatching, if the air humidity is too low, the water in the chicks' bodies will be dissipated in large quantities through breathing, which is not conducive to the absorption of the remaining yolk in the chicks' bodies, and the growth of the chicks' feathers will also be affected. Once the chicks are given water to drink, they often suffer from diarrhea due to drinking too much water.

Suitable humidity requirements: 60%~65% before 10 days of age, and then reduced to 55%--60%. In the early stage of brooding, due to the dry litter, the house is often hot and humid, which can easily cause the chicks to lose more water, have a poor appetite, drink water frequently, have dry and brittle villi, and have shriveled toes. In addition, excessive dryness can easily lead to dust flying, causing respiratory and digestive tract diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the replenishment of indoor water at this stage. You can spray water on the aisles or walls of the house to increase humidity, or place salt water or a kettle on the stove to boil water to produce steam to increase the indoor humidity. After 10 days of age, the chicks grow very fast, gain weight, and their feed intake, water intake, respiration and excretion increase day by day. The temperature in the house gradually decreases, especially in midsummer and the rainy season, when it is easy to have excessive humidity. Chicks are not adapted to humid environments. When the temperature is high and the humidity is high in the brooding room, the adverse effects of low temperature on chicks will be aggravated. Chicks will feel even colder and shiver with cold, which will make them susceptible to various respiratory diseases. When the temperature is high and the humidity is high in the brooding room, the evaporation of water and the dissipation of body heat of the chicks will be hindered, and they will feel more stuffy and uncomfortable, and be susceptible to coccidiosis, aspergillosis, etc. Therefore, during this period, it is necessary to change the litter frequently, strengthen ventilation, and prevent water from overflowing onto the ground or litter when adding drinking water:

Do you know how important temperature and humidity are when brooding chicks?

Hatching chicks. What temperature is best?

For hatching chicks, 30 degrees is the best temperature. I hope it helps you. Next, I will talk about chicks in detail. I hope it helps you.

First of all: chicks are the common name for chicks, which are young chickens that hatch from eggs. Chicks grow up eating feed, vegetables, insects, and broken rice. Chickens are the most common poultry raised by humans. The domestic chicken originated from wild jungle fowl[1]. Its domestication history is at least about 4,000 years, but it was not until around 1800 that chicken and eggs became mass-produced commodities. They belong to the animal kingdom, phylum chordata, subphylum vertebrate.

, class Aves, order Protoptera, order Galliformes, family Phasianidae, genus Gallus, domestic chicken.

Chinese name

chick

Foreign name

chick

boundary

Animalia

Door

Phylum Chordata

Subphylum

Subphylum Chordata

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Chicks are young chickens that hatch from eggs. They grow up eating feed, vegetables, insects, and broken rice.

Chicken: Animal kingdom, Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Vertebrata, Class Aves, Superorder Protoptera, Order Galliformes, Family Phasianidae, Genus Gallus, Gallus domesticus.

Total 8

chick

Chicken in English:

chick

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Precautions

Adjust the appropriate temperature and humidity to improve the survival rate of chicks

Newly hatched chicks are small, delicate, and have short down. They have low heat preservation ability and incomplete body temperature regulation function. They are not fully developed until they are 3 to 4 weeks old. Therefore, keeping warm and regulating appropriate temperature and humidity are the keys to raising chicks and improving their survival rate. The suitable temperature for chicks is 30 to 32 degrees Celsius. After that, the temperature should be lowered by 1 to 2 degrees Celsius every 5 days. After one month of age, if the outside temperature is above 20 degrees Celsius, they can be naturally heated, otherwise they should continue to be heated. To determine whether the temperature is suitable or not, we can observe the morphology of the chicks: if the chicks are huddled together, do not like to move or eat, and make long and weak "squeak, squeak" sounds from time to time, it means the temperature is too low; if the chicks have drooping wings, open their mouths to breathe, flap their wings to drink water, and make short and sharp "chirp, chirp" sounds from time to time, it means the temperature is too high. Only when the chicks are evenly distributed, move and eat normally, have smooth and shiny feathers, excrete feces in strips, stretch their heads and necks when sleeping, and are quiet, it means the temperature is suitable.

Suitable. [2]

There are many ways to regulate the temperature of chicks. Small groups of chickens can be placed in cardboard boxes or wooden boxes, covered with hay or cotton wool, and hot water bottles can be placed under the bedding, or electric lights can be used for heating. Large groups of chickens can be kept in greenhouses.

In addition, if the brooding house (room or box) is too dry, the chickens will lose a lot of water, which is not conducive to the growth of the chicks; if the humidity is too high, the air will not circulate, and the chicks will be easily infected. The appropriate relative humidity is 55-65%. The adjustment method is to keep the water in the waterer to meet the requirements; when the humidity is high in the rainy season, you can add thicker dry bedding and clean up the wet bedding in time. [3]

Supply water and food in time and make good ration combination

Before the chicks start eating, they should be given a 0.01-0.02% potassium permanganate solution (

The chicks should be light red in color) to remove meconium and disinfect the stomach. Then feed them 8% sucrose water to improve the survival rate of chicks. Finally, feed them. Then, provide drinking water regularly to avoid death from diarrhea due to lack of water. It is advisable to use warm boiled water for drinking first, and then gradually switch to fresh, clean and cold water, and prevent the chicks from getting their feathers wet.

Feeding of young chicks should not be restricted by the number of meals

1. The artificial incubation temperature of chickens is around 37.8°C. However, the size of the eggs, the variety, the ambient temperature, and the performance of the machine will cause the incubation temperature to vary. However, the highest temperature will not exceed 38.5°C, and the lowest will not be lower than 36.5°C. 2. The incubation humidity is very important for the hatching stage of chicks. The relative humidity should not be lower than 60% when hatching, and it is best to keep it between 65-70%. Higher humidity is conducive to the chicks pecking the shells, and low humidity will cause sticky hair and other phenomena. 3. The humidity during the incubation stage must follow the principle of high humidity at the beginning and low humidity at the end. Generally, the humidity is 60-55% before 6 days, and the humidity must be kept at around 50% after 6 days. Due to the strong penetrating power of moist heat, high humidity conditions can increase the heat absorbed by the embryo under the same temperature conditions.

The eggs must be preheated for about 6-8 hours before incubation, and the egg temperature should be maintained at 36-38°C; after the eggs are preheated for 1-7 days before incubation, the incubation temperature should be maintained at 38.8-39°C; after the eggs have been incubated for 8-14 days, the incubation temperature should be maintained at 38.5-38.8°C; after the eggs have been incubated for 15-20 days, the incubation temperature should be maintained at 38-38.5°C; after the eggs have been incubated for 21-24 days, the hatching temperature is 38.5-39°C.

1. What is the temperature for hatching chicks?

The temperature of the chicks incubated by eggs should be controlled at 37-39.5℃ or 37-38℃. Suitable temperature is the most important condition for the incubation of chicks by eggs. The suitable temperature for the development of chick embryos in eggs is kept at 37-39.5℃. After the chicks form embryos, the suitable temperature for hatching chicks is kept at 37-38℃. In the process of incubating chicks, the temperature should be appropriately adjusted according to the age of the chicken embryo development.

2. How to quickly reach the suitable temperature for hatching chicks

1. The incubator should be preheated before the eggs are put in, which is conducive to promoting the rapid awakening of the embryo and restoring the vitality of the embryo in a short time. Preheating the incubator in advance shortens the heating time of the incubator.

2. 1-5 days before hatching, all the inlet and outlet ports of the incubator should be kept closed.

3. Use formalin and potassium permanganate solution to disinfect the breeding eggs in the incubator. The disinfection work should be carried out after the water droplets on the surface of the breeding eggs have dried up. Breeding eggs that are 24-96 hours old cannot be disinfected.

4. Do not candidate embryos before 5 days old to avoid a drop in the surface temperature of the eggs due to suddenly opening the incubator. Candling embryos should be done after 5 days of age, and broken eggs should be removed while candling.

5. Increase the temperature of the incubator outside the incubator.

6. The incubation room has high electricity requirements. To avoid long-term power outages in the incubation room, the temperature of the incubation room should be increased in time in the event of a power outage. You can also add hot water to the water tray.

The development of chicken embryos depends on the nutrients in the eggs and suitable external conditions. Therefore, during incubation, the temperature, humidity, ventilation, egg turning and cooling should be strictly controlled according to the development rules of the embryos to obtain a higher hatching rate and high-quality chicks.

Temperature is the most important condition for incubation. Only by ensuring the appropriate temperature required for normal development of the embryo can a higher hatching rate and healthy chick rate be obtained.

1. Suitable temperature

Under the premise that the ambient temperature is controlled, such as 24-26℃, the optimum temperature for the incubator is around 37.8℃, and the optimum temperature for the hatcher is 37-37.5℃; if the room temperature is not suitable, the incubation temperature may vary by 0.5-1℃.

2. Effect of high temperature

High temperature accelerates embryonic development and shortens the incubation period, but increases mortality and reduces chick quality. Data show that for 16-day-old embryo eggs, the hatching rate decreases slightly after 24 hours at 40.5°C; the hatching rate decreases significantly after 6 hours at 43°C, and the decrease is more obvious after 9 hours; all embryos will die after 3 hours at 46.0°C or 1 hour at 48.5°C.

3. Effect of Low Temperature

At low temperatures, embryonic development is slow, the incubation period is prolonged, and mortality increases. For example, at 35.5°C, most embryos die in the shell. Short-term cooling has no adverse effect on the incubation effect. Before 14 days of incubation, embryonic development is greatly affected by the temperature drop. During the incubation process, it is necessary to prevent the embryo from incubating at low temperatures in the early stages of development (1 to 7 days), and to avoid high temperatures during the hatching period (19 to 21 days).

The best temperature for hatching chicks is generally around 37.8°C. Chicks can be hatched from eggs at a temperature range of 35~40.5°C.