CATDOLL : CATDOLL: I want to switch to factory-based recirculating aquaculture. I heard that this type of factory-based aquaculture has a promising future.

The following four aspects can be considered when choosing a factory-scale recirculating aquaculture system:

1. Choose from the water quality after treatment:

The water quality produced by different processes varies greatly. For example, when a sand tank is used as the main water treatment equipment, the turbidity of the outlet water is <20um, while when Tianhao integrated equipment is used, the turbidity of the outlet water is ≤3NTU.

(II) Select from the operating expenses:

Most systems will incur labor costs, equipment operating costs, and maintenance costs, and the key point to consider is how much the cost is. Traditional systems use a large number of equipment, such as rotary drum microfiltration machines, sand tanks, protein separators, circulating water pumps, UV sterilizers and other electrical equipment. The electricity costs, labor management costs, and equipment maintenance and repair costs are very high. When using the Tianhao circulating water system, the costs are only incurred on the circulating water pump and UV sterilizer, and other equipment does not use electricity, which greatly reduces the cost expenditure. In addition, the equipment operates automatically, does not require operation and management, and also reduces labor costs.

(III) Choose from the initial investment situation:

If you have sufficient funds, we recommend that you choose a system that can be used for a long time, which can avoid the generation of secondary costs to the greatest extent. From the perspective of long-term operation, it can effectively reduce the overall cost. In short, if you buy cheap equipment in the early stage, the longer it runs, the higher the additional costs will be, and the lower the final profit will be. If you choose Tianhao's equipment in the early stage, the longer it runs, the lower the additional costs will be, and the higher the profit will be.

(IV) Choose from the breeding species:

At present, aquaculture species are roughly divided into two categories: one is freshwater and the other is seawater. Iron equipment is definitely not suitable for use in corrosive seawater. Therefore, in terms of selection, the main equipment that can be used in both fresh water and seawater is the most critical, so pay attention when choosing equipment.

(V) Choose from the increase in production and income:

If the water is good, the diseases of fish and shrimp will be effectively reduced. In the past, the water quality treated by the circulating water system was average, so drugs were constantly added during aquaculture. Once a major disease disaster occurred, adding drugs alone could not effectively resist it. The most critical thing was the water quality. Therefore, good equipment is the most important in the selection.

1. Circular Agriculture

Circular agriculture refers to the activities of promoting the reciprocating, multi-level and efficient flow of various agricultural resources in the farming system, so as to achieve the goals of energy conservation, emission reduction and income increase, and promote the sustainable development of modern agriculture and rural areas.

In layman's terms, circular agriculture is an agricultural production method that uses the principle of material recycling and regeneration and the technology of multi-level material utilization to achieve less waste production and improve resource utilization efficiency. As an environmentally friendly farming method, circular agriculture has good social, economic and ecological benefits. Only by continuously inputting technology, information and funds to make it a dynamic system project can we better promote the recycling of rural resources and the sustainable development of modern agriculture!

2. Development significance

Developing circular agriculture is an important way to implement the strategy of sustainable agricultural development. Circular agriculture is to use the ideas of sustainable development, circular economy theory and ecological engineering methods to adjust and optimize the internal structure and industrial structure of the agricultural ecosystem on the basis of protecting the agricultural ecological environment and making full use of high-tech, improve the multi-level recycling of agricultural system materials and energy, strictly control the input of external harmful substances and the generation of agricultural waste, minimize environmental pollution, and truly integrate agricultural production and economic activities into the cycle of the agricultural ecosystem, so as to achieve a virtuous cycle of ecology and sustainable agricultural development.

3. Features

(1) Reduction

Minimize the amount of materials entering the production and consumption process, save resources and reduce pollutant emissions;

(2) Reuse

Improve the utilization efficiency of products and services and reduce pollution from disposable items;[1]

(3) Recycling

After the items have completed their use, they can be turned into renewable resources again.

By applying modern advanced comprehensive crop processing and utilization technologies and equipment, relying on the advantages of developed planting industry and abundant crop straw resources, we can provide the market with high-quality, low-cost and highly commercialized crop products, promote the high-quality and efficient development of the breeding industry, improve the utilization rate and economic benefits of crop straw, and form an organic industrial cycle among straw feed processing, breeding industry, biological organic fertilizer and planting industry, establish an intensive modern agricultural economic circulation system for efficient utilization of agricultural resources, comprehensively improve the efficiency of agricultural resource utilization and the economic benefits of agricultural production, achieve agricultural efficiency, increase farmers' income and rural prosperity, and promote and accelerate the construction of ecological creation projects and ecological villages.

Factory-scale recirculating aquaculture is also known as: land-based factory farming, factory farming, industrial fish farming, etc. It generally refers to the concentration of a considerable number of facilities and equipment, with a variety of technical means, so that aquatic products are in a relatively controlled living environment, under a high-intensity production state, with the characteristics of high production efficiency and small land occupation [1]. In foreign countries, it is generally called recirculating water (Recirculating Aquaculture). Its main feature is the recycling of water. It is different from ordinary factory farming. It comprehensively uses advanced technologies and industrial means such as machinery, electronics, chemistry, and automated information technology to control the living environment of farmed organisms and conduct scientific management, thereby getting rid of the restrictions of natural resources such as land and water. It is a high-density, high-yield, high-input, and high-efficiency farming method. The essence of factory-scale recirculating aquaculture is the industrialization of aquaculture production. The production process is controllable, and it can be farmed across seasons. The products can be planned and evenly marketed like industrial products [2]. Its characteristics are: first, it uses less water, can use lower-quality water sources, and has lower requirements for water resources; second, it occupies less land and has low requirements for land resources; third, it has high breeding density and high unit water consumption and output; fourth, it is easy to control the growth environment, fish (and other breeding species) grow fast and have a short growth cycle; fifth, it has high feed utilization rate; sixth, it recycles water and has a high utilization coefficient; seventh, it discharges less wastewater and waste, can be centrally treated, and has no or little pressure on the environment; eighth, it is not affected by the external climate and can achieve year-round production. The biggest feature of the factory-scale recirculating water aquaculture model is that it can achieve all-weather efficient production without seasonal differences. The realization of this expected effect is inseparable from scientific and reasonable water treatment process facilities, but also from scientific and orderly operation and management. The stability of the water circulation system operation is inseparable from the total water balance of the water circulation system, regular maintenance of the biological filter, regular cleaning of the filtration facilities, effective monitoring of water quality, reasonable feed feeding strategy, appropriate breeding density, and reasonable breeding management measures. Therefore, the stability of the water circulation system is an indicator of comprehensive consideration and a key link in achieving stable production and operation of the factory-scale recirculating water aquaculture model.

At present, the domestic recirculating aquaculture model has been well applied to high-end fish species such as half-smooth tongue sole, turbot, grouper, redfin oriental (Takifugurubripes), rainbow trout, etc., and is mainly used in Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, European eel, dark-spotted pike perch, arctic char, sturgeon, and Nile tilapia abroad, all of which have created huge commercial profits. In addition to fish, this farming model has been increasingly applied to shrimp, sea cucumbers, shellfish and other species. European lobster, Penaeus vannamei, nine-toothed shrimp, swimming crab, wrinkled abalone, oriental oyster, Florida apple snail, etc. have all been well tried and applied in the recirculating aquaculture model, but the scale and efficiency of farming need to be improved. In addition, some aquaculture workers have also made beneficial attempts in the recirculating aquaculture model of fish and shellfish, shrimp and shellfish, shrimp and algae, etc., and have also made corresponding discussions on water quality control, nitrogen and phosphorus conversion and utilization, and improving comprehensive benefits, which has proposed a new direction for the development of factory-scale recirculating aquaculture model. The factory-scale recirculating aquaculture model can not only expand the types of aquaculture, but also vigorously develop the aquaculture space. A company in Shaoxing has achieved the use of fully artificial seawater to cultivate turbot, creating a promising application prospect for recirculating aquaculture. With the strong support of the country's creation of modern agriculture and the improvement of people's living standards, the development space of the factory-scale recirculating aquaculture model will become larger and larger. In time, it will be completely possible to realize the local supply of seafood in Xinjiang and Tibet in western China.

From a global perspective, the development history of factory-scale recirculating aquaculture is relatively short, and water treatment technology and aquaculture management are still imperfect. Sometimes, it is limited by cost control, so it is not possible to achieve complete "zero emission". Therefore, in actual production and operation, a certain amount of pollutants must be discharged every day. How to scientifically deal with these "pollutants" is an important issue facing aquatic workers. Moreover, when it comes to biological filtration, there will be emissions of N2, N2O and CO2. N2O and CO2 are typical greenhouse gases, and N2O has a significant destructive effect on the ozone layer. How to reduce and limit this adverse impact on the environment is also a problem that needs to be overcome in the production and promotion of factory-scale recirculating aquaculture. Despite this, the factory-scale recirculating aquaculture model is still the land-based recirculating aquaculture model with the most development potential in the future, and it is an important part of China's creation of a modern aquaculture industry. With the localization of core equipment, the maturity of water treatment technology, and the scientific management of aquaculture, a new model of modern industrialized aquaculture industry integrating "equipment engineering, technology modernization, factory production, and industrialized management" will be established, and the transformation and upgrading of the aquaculture industry and the structure of the large marine and freshwater fish farming industry will be realized. China's aquaculture industry will enter a new era of industrialized aquaculture. By then, China will not only be a major aquaculture country in the world, but also a world aquaculture power. There seem to be more factory-scale circulating aquaculture equipment in Guangzhou, but some are agents. You must find the real manufacturer, and it is best to go on site for inspection, not just compare prices. When I bought it, I went to see several companies, and finally bought it from Guangzhou AVIC. It is still good to use it now, and there have been no problems.

The factory-scale recirculating aquaculture industry requires high investment and high output. Generally, a factory-scale aquaculture system with a minimum flow of 30 cubic meters costs hundreds of thousands of yuan. Generally, a system that can be truly used for breeding and generate profits requires an investment of at least 400,000 or 500,000 yuan. For relatively large-scale projects, several million yuan is normal. If you want to do this, you can contact me.

The cost of factory fish farming is too high, much higher than fish farming in rivers and ponds! I invested nearly 700,000 yuan, with 150 cubic meters of water, and each batch can only produce more than 10,000 kilograms. The cost of a 1-kilogram fish is at least 10 yuan. Considering the risks, I don’t want to raise it anymore. In more than two years, two batches of fish died for no reason, and a batch of fry died. I didn’t make any money! Is there anyone who wants to transfer? Sijiuyi Linyi Erba Wusan

Well, this seems like a very promising future scenario, and the country is now issuing policies.