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Koi

Biologically, it belongs to the Cyprinidae family, which is the largest family of all fish species, with more than 1,400 species. It is a high-end ornamental fish that is popular in the world today, and is known as a "living gem in the water" and a "swimming work of art." It is popular among people because it has low requirements for water quality, a diverse diet, and is easy to reproduce.

Environmental requirements

Like goldfish, koi are not very demanding about water temperature and water quality. The suitable temperature range is 2℃ ~ 30℃, but they cannot resist sudden changes in water temperature. Koi will feel uncomfortable if the temperature difference suddenly exceeds 2℃ ~ 3℃. The optimal water temperature is 20℃ ~ 25℃. They need sufficient oxygen and are suitable for living in a slightly alkaline, low hardness water environment.

Diet requirements

Koi is an omnivorous fish that can eat general mollusks, fragments of higher aquatic plants, benthic animals, and even tiny algae or artificial synthetic granular baits.

Fish species selection

You should choose fish that are healthy, without injuries, scale loss and other diseases, with shiny bodies, diverse colors and clear boundaries.

Stocking density

Common carp is a very adaptable fish, and koi are no exception. They can be kept anywhere from a small fish tank to a large outdoor pond, and they quickly grow to 30 cm in length or more, so a round plastic basin is better than a traditional indoor fish tank. Koi are cold water fish, so it is best to keep them in water half a meter or more deep in hot summers.

For normal stocking density in fish ponds, please refer to the density table for stocking koi in fish ponds; for normal stocking density in an aquarium of 60 cm × 30 cm × 15 cm, 6 koi with a body length of 15 cm to 20 cm can be stocked; 90 cm × 30 cm × 50 cm can hold 8 koi; and 110 cm × 30 cm × 50 cm can hold 10 koi.

Feeding

Koi is an omnivorous fish, and it is best to feed it with artificial synthetic pellets, bait, bean cakes, vegetable cakes, bread crumbs, fish worms, clams, crab meat, duckweed, duckweed, etc. It is best to feed the bait regularly to avoid stress reactions in the fish.

Four Seasons Management

The management methods of Koi vary with the seasonal temperature changes.

In spring, the weather is warm but still cold, and koi begin to wake up from hibernation. The breeding is moved from indoors to outdoors, but special attention should be paid to sudden temperature drops. The water should be covered with a film in time to keep the water temperature stable. Feeding should mainly be plant-based, and the amount should be increased gradually to facilitate koi digestion and absorption.

In summer, when the weather is extremely hot, you need to add a plastic shade net to prevent direct sunlight, so that the sunlight intensity can be reduced from 8000-12000 lux to 5500-5800 lux, which is the most suitable.

In autumn, the weather is sunny with less rain, and the water temperature drops significantly, which is the most suitable for the growth of koi. You can increase the proportion of animal (protein), such as silkworm pupae, etc. Increase the amount of feeding to promote rapid growth.

In winter, the weather is relatively cold. When the temperature drops to 0℃, the koi should be transferred to the indoor fish pond in time to overwinter. The indoor water temperature should be maintained at 2℃ ~ 10℃. The focus should be on insulation, appropriate feeding, fattening and disease prevention. The wintering period for koi is from November to March of the following year.