CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What is needed to grow shrimp in seawater? Technology

The technology of shrimp farming

The shrimp is omnivorous and prefers animal feeding habits. The breeding cycle is 100 to 120 days, and the shrimp body can reach 8 to 10 cm. Breeding technology is crucial for farmers, and how to breed high-quality and high-yield products is the primary consideration.

1. Pond conditions and cleaning: Choose a freshwater pond or shrimp pond with an area of ​​3 to 5 mu, a water depth of 1.5 to 2.5 meters, sufficient freshwater source, no pollution, and a sandy bottom.

2. Fertilization and bait cultivation. One week before shrimp fry are released, filter with a 60-80 mesh silk screen, let in 30 cm of water, and apply 50 kg of basal fertilizer (fermented animal manure) or 5 kg of urea per mu to cultivate basic bait.

3. Stocking of shrimp fry. Generally, shrimp fry can be stocked in late May when the water temperature is stable at 18-20℃. Shrimp fry need to be desalinated for more than a week and can be stocked only when the specific gravity is below 1.003. Generally, 30,000 to 40,000 shrimp fry of 0.7-1.0 cm are stocked per mu, and those below 0.7 cm need to be temporarily stocked.

4. Feeding. There is basically no need to feed the shrimp fry with compound feed within one month after they are put into the pond. They mainly rely on plankton in the pond for food. After one month, they are fed with compound feed, supplemented with fresh fish, shellfish, etc. The feeding rate is generally 3% to 5% of the shrimp body weight. From July to September, the amount of feed can be appropriately increased, with the principle of no leftover feed, and the feeding frequency is 3 times a day.

5. Adjust water to prevent diseases. After 10 days of shrimp fry release, gradually add water, adding 10-15 cm of water per week. Change the water 20-30 cm every 2-3 days in the hot season. Every half a month or so, use 5-10 kg of quicklime per mu to make a slurry and sprinkle it all over the pond, which not only improves the water quality and bottom quality, but also kills bacteria and promotes molting and growth. At the same time, 1‰-3‰ garlic bait should be mixed at 15-20 days and thrown for 3-5 consecutive days.

6. Harvest. Generally, after 80 to 100 days of cultivation, the shrimp can be harvested and sold according to market conditions when they are 7 to 10 cm long. They can be harvested with nets or released into the water. If they are transported alive after 36 hours out of water, the survival rate can reach 90%.

1. Rice field selection The rice field should be close to the upper and lower water channels, with sufficient water sources, good water quality, smooth drainage and irrigation, and convenient transportation. The specific requirements are as follows. 1. Conditions: The area of ​​rice fields for shrimp farming is basically similar to that of rice fields for crab farming, with 2 to 5 mu being the best, and the maximum area not exceeding 10 mu. 2. Field engineering: A "kou" or "wang" shaped circular ditch is dug around or in the rice fields where shrimps are determined to be raised. The ditch is 0.8 to 1m deep and 1 to 1.5m wide. The shrimp farming ditch occupies 15% of the rice field area. Soil is taken from the ditch to widen and heighten the surrounding embankments. Double-layer escape prevention nets are set at the rice field inlet and outlet. 2. Preparation before stocking 1. Field cleaning: For the plowed and prepared fields, 50 to 75kg of quicklime is applied per mu to kill wild fish and bacteria in the fields. 2. Cultivation of basic bait: 7-8 days after clearing the field, the water level in the rice field is stable at 5-10cm. Choose a sunny morning to apply 200-300kg of organic fertilizer; 3kg of urea, 5kg of superphosphate, and sprinkle it throughout the pond to cultivate biological bait in the field. 3. Planting of rice: Select rice varieties with high yield, high quality and resistance to lodging and diseases. The transplanting method is the same as that of ordinary rice fields, with no less than 15,000 holes per mu. When the seedlings have turned green, start to release shrimp seedlings. III. Seedling release 1. Shrimp seed desalination: At present, most of the artificially cultivated shrimp seedlings are produced in factories. Generally, the specific gravity of seawater for hatching seedlings is about 1.015-1.020. To be moved to fresh water for breeding, it must be desalinated first. The cultured shrimp seedlings must be desalinated to below 1.002-1.003 before they can be moved into rice fields for breeding. 2. Seedling quality: The shrimp seedlings are 0.7-0.8cm long, strong, and have a yellow-brown, clean and neat body surface. When providing seedlings, the water temperature in the pond is similar to that outside, and the temperature difference does not exceed 2-3℃. 3. The amount and time of stocking shrimp seedlings: 30,000 to 40,000 seedlings per mu of rice field, and no more than 50,000 seedlings. IV. Feeding and management 1. Feeding: One month after the shrimp seedlings are put into the pond, they mainly feed on plankton in the rice field. One month later, they grow to 2-3cm and are mainly fed with fine artificial compound granular bait (shrimp bait). The daily feeding amount is 5-6% of the shrimp body weight; if the water temperature reaches 24-30℃, the shrimps will eat vigorously, and the daily feeding amount will increase to 8-10%. Feed 3-4 times a day, and feed once in the evening, accounting for 40% of the whole day. In places with conditions, plankton and wild fish are collected from external waste pits or rice fields as supplementary feed. It is best for the shrimp to eat all the food within 2-3 hours each time. 2. Water level control and water quality management: The water level for early shrimp seedling feeding is kept at about 5cm, and the water level will gradually deepen as the rice seedlings grow. The water level in the middle period should not be lower than 10cm. The water quality should be fresh and moderately fertile. The transparency of the shrimp ditch should be between 35-40cm, and the water color should be light green. Apply quicklime once every 20-25 days, 7.5-10kg per mu. Fresh water quality and relatively stable physical and chemical factors are important guarantees for the molting and growth of the shrimp. Compared with fish, shrimps have higher water quality requirements and are more sensitive to water pollution.

1. Flow-type factory aquaculture

It is suitable for places with good water quality and low water exchange cost. Such as the middle and lower reaches of forest areas, places near freshwater rivers, or capes on the coast. Since the local water source is free of industrial pollution, the water quality is clear and pure, rich in trace elements, and the water quantity and quality do not change much, river water or seawater can be used as the water source, and a steel structure windbreak canopy can be built to keep water intake and drainage at the same time. This is called flow-through factory aquaculture. It is also possible to maintain a certain water exchange rate and increase the circulating water aquaculture system equipment to circulate the aquaculture water body so that the water quality changes can be controlled within a very small range. This is most conducive to the growth of aquatic products. This form is called semi-flow-through factory aquaculture.

2. Fully closed circulating aquaculture

It is suitable for places with scarce high-quality water resources, such as severely polluted urban suburbs, seriously polluted seawater or freshwater rivers, and inland areas without seawater. Fully closed recirculating aquaculture can be implemented. This aquaculture model has little dependence on the external environment and can generate sustainable profits after the system is running stably, but the initial civil engineering and equipment investment is relatively high.

3. Circulating water aquaculture seedling cultivation

As the first link in aquaculture, the quality of water is directly related to the success or failure of the entire downstream industry chain. Therefore, it is very important to do everything possible to improve the hatching rate and reduce deformities and stillbirths. After being treated by system equipment, stable water quality plays a vital role in improving the hatching rate of seedlings.

4. Aquarium and Oceanarium Project

Aquarium and oceanarium projects are usually built in the bustling areas of the city, so they cannot effectively use water sources in remote areas. Therefore, a complete set of circulating water treatment systems has become a good choice. Its principle is exactly the same as that of high-density factory aquaculture. It's just that the breeding density is smaller, but in order to achieve a better viewing effect, there are higher requirements for the clarity of water quality.

What technology is needed to cultivate shrimp in seawater?

This cannot be explained in a few words.

I should still learn from a master and write for a while.

If you want to raise shrimp, you must first build a good pond.

Let's take a pond of 0.13 to 0.2 hectares as an example. Make sure it is 1.5 to 2 meters deep. The bottom of the pond should be flat, leaving about half a foot of silt. In addition, a ditch should be dug beside the pond, 4 meters wide and half a meter deep, mainly to surround the pond, because shrimps can easily jump out. At that time, it will jump directly into the ditch, and it can be picked up during daily inspections. It won't work if you don't dig a ditch. It will jump directly on the ground and easily die of thirst. Of course, if it likes to jump twice in a row, just let it die.

It is common sense that pond water should be flowing water. But before you put the shrimp in to raise them, you must first kill all the other miscellaneous creatures. For example, fish and some animals that catch shrimp to eat, all of them should be killed. You can carefully fish them out once. Half a month before putting the shrimp in, you should sprinkle lime water in the pond, at least 200 kilograms per acre, and at most 300 kilograms. It depends on how much you want to sprinkle, mainly for disinfection. In order to provide food for the shrimp and balance the lime water sprinkled in before, you should also add an equal amount of organic fertilizer.

After a week, you take a sample of the water and look under a microscope to see if there is enough plankton to feed your shrimp. If you think it is OK, you can throw the shrimp fry into the pond.

If you don't have a pond but have a lot of rice fields, don't worry. I will introduce to you how to grow rice and raise shrimps at the same time.

You should know that not all rice fields can be used to raise shrimp. The requirements are as follows: 1. Running water. 2. Good water quality. 3. An area of ​​more than two mu, but no more than eight mu. It is not good to be too big. 4. In order to prevent the shrimp from jumping away, you should also dig a ditch around the rice field. The requirements are the same as above. Moreover, whether you use a pond or a rice field, you must install two nets at the entrance and exit of the running water to prevent the shrimp from escaping.

Similarly, the rice fields should also be treated with lime water, the amount is the same as the previous pond. The purpose is the same. The addition of organic fertilizer afterwards also has the same requirements. In addition, if you want to raise shrimp in the rice fields, you must have certain requirements for rice seeds. After all, there are more shrimps moving around in it, so you must use varieties that are resistant to lodging. In addition, if you raise shrimps, you must not use pesticides. The ability to resist diseases is also very important. As for transplanting rice, just do it the same as in ordinary rice fields.

Now we can talk about how to put shrimp into ponds or fields. Because its original living environment is in seawater, and we can't transport seawater to raise it inland. Especially when raising it in the field, you know, our high-salinity rice planting method has not been popularized, so it is impossible for us to bring seawater to the field.

This requires desalination of the shrimp to adapt it to fresh water. Desalination is nothing more than slowly reducing the salt content of the water to allow it to gradually adapt. Once desalinated, the day before throwing it into the pond or field, use two or three centimeters of shrimp fry to test the water for half a day to see if it is dead. If it is alive and healthy, it means that this batch of shrimp can adapt to your water. So how many shrimp fry can be put in the pond? 80,000 to 100,000 per mu, and half of the former in the rice field.

So how should I feed this?