CATDOLL : CATDOLL: There are many silver carp live fish farmers. What are the environmental requirements for silver carp live fish farming?

There are many silver carp live fish farmers. What are the environmental requirements for silver carp live fish farming?

Silver carp is one of the four major fish. Many farmer friends raise this fish in ponds and usually sell it during the Spring Festival holiday. What is the reasonable density for silver carp breeding? What are the breeding techniques?

1. Reasonable breeding density of silver carp

Generally speaking, if the production of silver carp is to be increased, the reasonable stocking density should be calculated based on the yield per mu. If the estimated yield per mu is 600 catties, and the market specification is about 3 catties, 250 fish per mu should be stocked, and the maximum stocking number should not exceed 300 fish per mu.

2. Silver carp live fish

1. Seed selection

Silver carp broodstock should be selected from natural original species, healthy and with well-developed gonads. Silver carp should be over 6 kg, bighead carp over 10 kg, herring over 15 kg, and grass carp over 8 kg. The annual renewal rate of broodstock should be around 10%.

2. Clean the swimming pool

The broodstock pond should be easy to irrigate and drain. The bottom of the silver carp and bighead carp pond should have 20 cm deep silt, while the bottom of the black carp and grass carp pond should contain little or no silt. The area is 1-5 mu, the water depth is about 1.5 meters, and the pond should be cleaned before stocking.

3. Wear long socks

The male-female ratio of silver carp, bighead carp and grass carp broodstock is generally 1: 1 to 1.5. At the same time, 8 to 10 silver carps and about 150 bighead carps are stocked per mu to control the reproduction of wild fish and large zooplankton.

4. Feeding and management

Before stocking, 500-700 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer should be put into the silver carp and bighead carp parent pond to cultivate plankton, and appropriate fertilizer should be applied later. In addition, soybean cake slurry should be fed in sunny and warm weather to promote gonad development.

5. Childhood abortion

Female fish can induce oxytocin by enlarging their abdomen and relaxing their genital pores. Generally, female fish are injected with 1000 international units of oxytocin chorionic gonadotropin per kilogram of body weight, or LRH ~ A40 ~ 50 micrograms, and male fish are injected with half of it.

6. Incubation management

The hatching water should be filtered with a filter to prevent floating objects and wild fish from entering. The hatching tank and hatching tank should be cleaned before each hatching. Adequate water flow should be provided during the hatching period. The water should be frequently turned over and the bottom corners should be checked for egg accumulation to maintain water quality.

In the above series, I told you about the reasonable density of silver carp breeding. Friends who plan to make money from breeding can remember it. In addition, I also shared some silver carp live fish, I hope it will be helpful to you.

1. Pond conditions. The pond requires sufficient water, no harmful substances, convenient drainage and irrigation, a flat and solid bottom, a silt thickness of less than 15 cm, and a solid bank without holes. The bank is more than 40 cm above the water surface, and a screen is set at the water inlet and outlet to prevent escape. Water lilies or duckweed are placed on the surface of the pond to provide shade, purify water quality and serve as auxiliary feed. Before the fish are put into the pond, the pond must be dried, cleaned and disinfected, and basal fertilizers are applied, and new water is injected. Fish can be put in when the feed and animal reproduction in the pond water reach a peak. The pond area is generally 600-2000 square meters, and the water depth is 1-1.5 meters. 2. Fish stocking. The specifications of the fish to be stocked are required to be consistent. The stocking density is determined by the size of the fish and the conditions of the pond, feed, and water source. Generally, 5-10 fish of about 10 cm are put per square meter. Putting large-sized fish can improve the survival rate and increase production. The size of fish put into the pond should not be less than 5 cm.

Environmental requirements for silver carp breeding: water source quality, pond size. The water used for silver carp breeding should be sufficient, free of harmful substances, and easy to drain and irrigate. The bottom of the pond for fish breeding should be flat and solid, with a bottom mud thickness of less than 15 cm, and the bank should be solid without holes. Water lilies or duckweed should be placed on the water surface as a supplementary feed, which can provide shade, purify water quality, and serve as auxiliary feed.

The stocking size of fish species should be consistent. The stocking density depends on the size of the fish species and the conditions of the pond, feed, and water source. Generally, 5-10 fish species of about 10 cm are stocked per square meter. Stocking large-sized fish species can improve the survival rate and increase production. The size of the fish species in the pond should not be less than 5 cm.

It has great requirements on the environment, and also requires very good water quality, and should also choose some ponds with better oxygen in time, and should also do a good job of cleaning, and also need some nutritious bait.

What is the market situation of silver carp in rural areas? Is it easy to raise them?

Silver carp is the most common edible fish in our lives. It is also one of the four major carps in China. It has a long history of breeding in China. Silver carp is now farmed in many places in my country. The names of silver carp are different in different places, such as silver carp, water carp, jumping carp, etc. So, how to breed silver carp? Let's learn about the efficient breeding technology of silver carp.

Silver carp breeding technology

1. Life habits of silver carp

1. Food habits: Silver carp is a pelagic fish, feeding on plankton throughout its life. It mainly eats zooplankton in the fry stage, and gradually turns to phytoplankton when it grows more than 1.5 cm. It also likes to eat grass carp feces and chicken and cow dung. It is very interested in sour food and has a strong appetite for rotten food. Its food has obvious seasonality. In spring and autumn, in addition to plankton, it also eats a lot of detritus bait. The lower the water level in summer, the more it eats. In winter, it eats less and moves less.

2. Water temperature: Silver carp likes high temperature, and the most suitable water temperature is 23-32℃. In the hot summer, silver carp has the strongest appetite. It is lively, likes to jump, and has the habit of swimming upstream, but its movements are not very agile and it is rather clumsy. Silver carp likes fertile water, and similar individuals often gather in groups and swim to the middle and upper layers of the water, especially in the open water area with richer water quality. It is timid and afraid of being disturbed, and has a very poor tolerance to low oxygen. It will float to the surface immediately when there is a lack of oxygen in the water, and some will die soon.

3. Reproduction: Silver carp grows fast and has high yield. It matures 1-2 years earlier than grass carp and mature individuals are smaller. Generally, female fish weighing more than 3 kg can reach maturity. Female fish weighing about 5 kg can carry about 40,000 to 50,000 eggs per kg of body weight. They lay eggs in April and May every year. The eggs float. If there is enough bait in the pond, the fish can grow to 500-800 grams in the same year, and the weight of three-year-old fish can reach 3-4 kg. In natural rivers, they can weigh 30-40 kg.

2. Silver carp breeding technology

1. Selection of broodstock: The broodstock should be natural original species, healthy and with well-developed gonads. The individual weight of silver carp should be above 6 kg, bighead carp should be above 10 kg, black carp should be above 15 kg, and grass carp should be above 8 kg. The annual renewal rate of broodstock should be about 10%.

2. Clean the fish pond: The broodstock pond should be easy to irrigate and drain. The bottom of the silver carp and bighead carp pond should have 20 cm of silt, while the bottom of the silver carp and grass carp pond should contain little or no silt. The area should be 1 to 5 mu, and the water depth should be about 1.5 meters. The pond should be cleaned before stocking.

3. Combination stocking: The male-female ratio of silver carp, bighead carp, black carp and grass carp broodstock is generally 1:1-1.5. At the same time, 8-10 mandarin carp and about 150 bighead carp are stocked per acre to control the breeding of wild fish and large zooplankton.

4. Feeding and management: Before stocking, 500-700 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer should be added per mu in the silver carp and bighead carp broodstock pond to cultivate plankton, and appropriate fertilization should be applied later. In addition, soybean cake slurry should be fed in sunny and warm weather to promote gonad development.

5. Early induction of labor: Labor can be induced when the female fish's abdomen is swollen and the genital pore is relaxed. Generally, 1000 international units of the oxytocin human chorionic gonadotropin, or 40 to 50 micrograms of LRH-A, are injected per kilogram of body weight of female fish, and half of this amount is given to male fish.

6. Hatching management: The hatching water should be filtered with a filter to prevent floating objects and wild fish from entering. Clean the hatching tank and hatching trough before each hatching. Provide appropriate water flow during the hatching period, and frequently turn the water to check whether there are accumulated eggs and fry in the bottom corners to maintain water quality.

3. Disease prevention and control of silver carp

1. Branchiomycosis

[Symptoms] The sick fish does not eat, swims slowly, and its gills are congested and bleeding. The gill petals are a little congested and lose their normal bright red color to become pink or pale. In severe cases, the gill filaments are necrotic, affecting the respiratory function and leading to the death of the sick fish.

【Prevention and Treatment】① Thoroughly clean and disinfect the pond to keep the water clean and prevent water quality from deteriorating. ② To cultivate water quality, apply fermented and humid organic fertilizers, not raw fertilizers. ③ Quickly add clean water to the diseased pond to improve the water quality, or transfer the diseased fish to a pond with fresh and clean water. ④ Sprinkle 20-30 mg/L of quicklime throughout the pond to reduce the content of organic matter in the water and improve water quality.

2. Printing disease

[Symptoms] The diseased fish has a nearly circular red spot on the body surface behind the dorsal fin. The scales fall off at the lesion site, and finally ulcers form and even bones or internal organs are exposed.

【Prevention and Control】① When applying the feces of herbivorous animals to fish ponds, they must be mixed with quicklime and fully fermented. They can be applied only after they are rotten and hot to prevent pathogens from entering. ② When fish fingerlings are transferred to the pond, they can be soaked in 2% salt water for 5 to 10 minutes to effectively prevent this disease. ③ Spray 0.5ppm of Bacteria and Virus Cleaner or 0.3ppm of Dibromohydantoin throughout the pond.

3. Dactylariasis

[Symptoms] When the disease is serious, the gill filaments of the diseased fish are swollen, the mucus increases, and breathing becomes difficult, which can cause the death of a large number of seedlings.

【Prevention and Control】①Spray 90% crystal trichlorfon 0.3-0.7ppm throughout the pond. ②Spray 130-170ml/mu/m2 of insect sweeper throughout the pond. If the disease is serious, it can be used again every other day.

4. Diplodiasis

[Symptoms] The diseased silver carp has a swollen abdomen with local bulges. After the ice melts in early spring, the fish becomes noticeably thinner and the swollen abdomen becomes more obvious. The abdominal muscles are extremely thin and if the abdomen is squeezed hard, the sparganosis can come out from the pectoral fins.

【Prevention and Control】① Keep a close eye on the fry, and kill the first intermediate host and copepods before putting the fry into the pond. ② In areas where tapeworms are prevalent, be sure to use quicklime to clean the pond.

The above is an introduction to silver carp farming technology. From the above, we know that silver carp farming methods are relatively simple compared to other aquaculture. For friends who want to farm silver carp, they must remember some precautions in silver carp farming, so as to provide more help for farming.