CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What is the proportion of using mealworms to raise laying ducks?

What is the proportion of using mealworms to raise laying ducks?

Nine to one is enough, nine feeds,

A certain proportion is given according to the size of the month.

Generally you still need to feed.

Otherwise the cost is too high.

For mealworms alone, about 20 mealworms per day are enough.

May I ask where the owner is from?

How to cultivate mealworms?

The breeding technology of mealworms is relatively simple. According to production needs, large-scale factory breeding or small-scale family breeding can be carried out. (1) Breeding methods ① Factory breeding This production method can provide mealworms as bait on a large scale, which is suitable for the breeding needs of ornamental fish. The factory breeding method is carried out indoors. The doors and windows of the breeding room should be equipped with screens to prevent the invasion of enemies. Several rows of wooden or iron racks are arranged in the room. Each wooden (iron) rack is divided into 3 to 4 layers, and each layer is 50 cm apart. A feeding trough is placed on each layer. The size of the feeding trough is adapted to the wooden rack. The feeding trough can be made of iron sheets or wooden boards. The general specifications are 2 meters long, 1 meter wide, and 20 cm high. The inner wall of the frame is covered with wax paper to make it smooth to prevent the mealworms from crawling out. ② Family breeding Family breeding of mealworms is small-scale and has a very low yield. Basins, wooden boxes, cartons and other containers can be used to breed on the balcony or under the bed. Pay attention to prevent rats and flies from biting, and also prevent chickens from pecking. (2) Breeding mode ① Box culture: Use wooden boards to make a culture box (60 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 30 cm high), and nail plastic window screens on it to prevent flies and mosquitoes from entering. Put a frame that is connected to the box around the box, and use a 10-mesh silk screen as the bottom to raise mealworms; under the frame is an egg receiver, which is made of wooden boards as the bottom. The boxes are stacked in multiple layers with wooden frames for three-dimensional production. ② Plastic barrel culture: Plastic barrels of any size can be used. However, the inner wall must be smooth and cannot be damaged or frayed. Place a layer of separation net at 1/3 of the barrel height, culture mealworms on the upper layer of the net, and collect eggs on the lower layer. Cover the barrel with window screens to cover it tightly. ③ Pond culture: Use bricks and stones to build a culture pond with an area of ​​1 meter and a height of 30 cm. The inner wall is smoothed with cement to prevent mealworms from crawling out and escaping. ④ Cultivation room Large-scale cultivation usually adopts three-dimensional cultivation, that is, a multi-layer shelf is set up indoors, and a rectangular small plate (60 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 15 cm high) is placed on the shelf to cultivate yellow mealworms in the plate. Each plate can cultivate 2 to 3 kg of larvae. (3) Breeding and management Yellow mealworms can safely overwinter above 0℃, and can move and eat above 10℃. The suitable temperature for growth is 25℃~36℃, and the maximum should not exceed 39℃. The indoor air humidity should be around 60%. In the south of the Yangtze River, it can be cultivated all year round. In particularly dry conditions, yellow mealworms (especially adults) have the habit of cannibalizing each other. Yellow mealworm larvae and adults can move both day and night, but are more active at night. Before breeding, first put fine bran and other feeds filtered by gauze in boxes, basins and other containers, and then put the yellow mealworm larvae in. The density should be enough to cover the container or not more than 2 to 3 cm thick. Finally, cover it with vegetable leaves, let the insects live between the bran and the leaves, and feed freely. The ratio of insect feed is 1 kg of insects, 1 kg of bran, and 1 kg of leaves. Of course, the larvae that have just hatched should be carefully raised, mainly with more cornmeal and bran. As the individual grows, increase the diversity of feed. Every week or so, replace with fresh feed and timely supplement with bran, rice bran, cake flour, cornmeal, carrot slices, green vegetable leaves and other feeds, and you can also add an appropriate amount of fish meal. Clean up the feces once every 7 days or so. The suitable growth temperature for larvae is 25℃~30℃, the suitable humidity is 80%~85%, and the larvae need to molt 15~17 times. Every molt, they grow a little bigger. When the larvae grow to 20 mm, they can be used to feed animals. Generally, when the larvae continue to grow to a body length of 30 mm and a body thickness of 8 mm, and the largest individual body length is 33 mm and the body thickness is 8.5 mm, the color changes from yellow-brown to light, and the food intake decreases. This is the late stage of mature larvae, and they will soon enter the pupation stage. The initial pupa is silvery white and gradually turns into light yellow-brown. The initial pupa should be picked out from the larvae in time for centralized management. The temperature and humidity should be adjusted during the pupal period to avoid mildew. The yellow mealworm breeding cycle is about 100 days. The eggs hatch into larvae after 3 to 5 days, and the larvae molt into pupae after 8 consecutive molting. The pupa itself sleeps in the feed pile, sometimes moves on its own, and after 7 to 9 days, it will emerge as an adult (moth). When it is about to emerge as an adult, it rotates left and right from time to time, and it can shed its pupa coat and emerge as an adult in a few minutes or tens of minutes. Adults live 30 to 60 days. During the breeding process, the hatching of eggs and the larvae, pupae, and adults should be raised separately. When the older larvae stop eating, they should be picked out and placed in another container to pupate, feather and lay eggs. After 1 to 2 months of breeding, they will enter the peak egg-laying period. At this time, the egg-collecting paper should be frequently replaced, every 5 to 7 days, and each time the collected eggs should be placed in the incubation box for collective incubation. After 7 to 10 days, they can hatch into larvae. The hatched larvae are then separated and placed in the breeding box for breeding. This cycle repeats itself and reproduces in a cycle. As long as the room temperature is kept at 15℃ to 32℃, they can reproduce all year round. Each female adult can reproduce more than 3,000 larvae each time.

Yellow mealworm, also known as mealworm, belongs to the phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta, order Coleoptera, family Tenebrio, genus Mealworm. It was originally a warehouse pest. People began to breed and use yellow mealworm since the 19th century. Due to its high nutritional value, yellow mealworm is also a high-quality animal feed for aquatic animals.

The method of cultivating mealworms is introduced as follows:

(1) Cultivation conditions and equipment: Mealworms have no odor, and the cultivation equipment is simple and low-cost. They can be cultivated in the living room. The cultivation room is preferably divided into a seed insect cultivation room (also a hatching room) and a larval cultivation room, and equipped with ventilation, temperature control, humidity control and light-shielding facilities. The indoor floor is a cement floor, and the doors and windows must also be equipped with door curtains and screens to prevent snakes, rats, ants and other harmful organisms from entering the room. The seed insect cultivation room is specially used to cultivate adult insects to lay eggs, and the eggs are regularly collected for hatching, and the hatched larvae are cultivated to 1 month old. The larval cultivation room is specially used to cultivate larvae from 1 to 3 months old.

Mealworm is a metamorphosis insect, its life cycle is egg → larva → pupa → adult (beetle) four stages, so its culture equipment is mainly open incubator. Incubators are divided into seed insect incubators, hatching boxes, larval incubators, and pupa incubators. The specifications of seed insect incubators are generally 60 cm * 40 cm * 15 cm, with wooden boards or plastics around, and the bottom of the box is generally made of 18 mesh iron gauze (the mesh specifications allow the adult to extend the ovipositor at the abdomen to lay eggs in the bran under the iron gauze, and the whole insect body cannot drill out). The upper edge of the four walls of the box is flatly pasted with about 2 cm of transparent tape to prevent the adult from crawling out of the box. The specifications of the larval incubator, hatching box and pupa culture tray are the same as those of the seed insect incubator. Its height can be lower (8 cm). The surroundings and bottom are made of wooden boards or plastic boards, and there should be no gaps around and at the bottom. Transparent tape is pasted on the upper edges of the four walls to prevent the insects from escaping.

(2) Rearing and management of the release of seed worms. Place the seed worm incubator on a piece of plywood that is slightly larger than the incubator. Place a piece of newspaper of the same size on the plywood. Fill the space between the newspaper and the wire mesh with bran, with a thickness of 4-5 cm. Place some granular feed made of bran, flour, soybean meal, etc. and vegetable leaves on the wire mesh. Then place 1 kg of seed worms (about 10,000) in each seed worm incubator. After 3-5 days of egg laying, move the newspaper and the bran with eggs into the incubator for hatching. At the same time, replace the plywood with a piece of newspaper, place bran on it, and then let the seed worms lay eggs. After the seed worms have laid eggs for 2 months, in order to ensure the egg hatching rate, larval survival rate and quality, it is best to eliminate them and replace them with new seed worms. The eliminated seed worms can be fed to aquatic animals.

Hatching of eggs. As long as the appropriate temperature and humidity are maintained during the hatching period, the larvae can generally hatch after 5-10 days. The hatched larvae do not need to be fed within 1 month. At this time, they eat bran and other things for laying eggs. When the larvae are 1 month old, they should be moved from the hatching box to the larva box for cultivation. Since the larvae have been cultivated for 1 month, they become larger and should be divided into 2 boxes for cultivation. When the larvae reach 2 months old, the same method is used for sparse cultivation. For the cultivation and management of 1-3 month old larvae, bran and vegetable leaves are generally fed once in the morning and evening every day. The vegetable leaves fed should contain more water and be fresh, but not too much water, otherwise the humidity in the incubator will be too high, which will cause the larvae to die. The amount of feeding each time should be the amount eaten in the last feeding. The daily feeding amount is generally about 10% of the weight of the insects. When all the feed in the box becomes particulate insect feces, the insect feces should be sieved out with a 40-mesh sieve. It should be sieved out once every 7-10 days in the early stage and once every 5-7 days in the later stage.

The larvae are suitable for cultivation and grow fast. After 70 days of cultivation, they begin to gradually turn into pupae. The slow-growing ones need 90-120 days to gradually mature into pupae. At this time, fast-growing, healthy, and fat pupae should be selected for seed use. Larvae that do not need to be kept for seed should be fed to aquatic animals as live bait before they turn into pupae. The pupae for seed should be carefully and evenly placed in the pupae box without injuring the pupae. Put 1.2 kg of pupae in each box, cover them with a piece of newspaper, and put them in the seed insect cultivation room. Maintain a suitable temperature and humidity in the room, and they will emerge as adults after 5-7 days. Due to the difference in the speed of pupae to adult, in order to avoid early-emerging adults from hurting unemerged pupae, the newspaper covering the pupae should be gently uncovered every morning and evening, and the adults crawling under the newspaper should be gently shaken in the seed insect cultivation box. Generally, on the fourth day after emergence, adults begin to mate and lay eggs, entering the peak breeding period. Generally, each box can produce 2-3 kg of adult worms, and each kg of adult worms can produce about 20 kg of larvae after 3-4 months of cultivation.

In order to improve space utilization and facilitate large-scale production, various incubators can be stacked in an alternating manner according to the length and width of the box to about 1.5 meters for cultivation, or placed on special shelves for cultivation.