CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to raise summer silkworms

For silkworms raised in summer, mulberry leaves naturally grow vigorously, with high yield and good quality. In addition, the natural temperature is suitable, which is conducive to the growth and cocooning of silkworms. So, how should summer silkworms be raised? Below, Sara will share with you the methods and requirements for raising summer silkworms. Let's learn about it together!

How to raise summer silkworms? The summer silkworm period refers to the period between the beginning of summer and the beginning of autumn. During this period, the temperature and humidity are high and humid, and sometimes the temperature and humidity often exceed the range that the silkworms can adapt to. The activity of enzymes in the silkworms is often hindered, and the metabolism is disordered, which easily causes silkworm diseases.

The following technical measures must be taken to raise summer silkworms:

1. Disinfection and disease prevention. Silkworm disease is the enemy of the sericulture industry, especially in spring when silkworms are raised multiple times. The silkworm room and silkworm tools that have been infected with silkworm disease but have been neglected to be disinfected are widely distributed and highly contagious, so disinfection is even more important. Therefore, in summer silkworm raising, it is required to disinfect the silkworm room and silkworm tools with 1% bleaching powder clarified liquid, or 2% formalin mixed with 0.5% lime liquid after each batch of silkworms are raised. At the same time, good environmental hygiene should be maintained, silkworm feces should be cleaned frequently, and kept away from the silkworm room and concentrated in sealed piles for fermentation. Sick and weak silkworms should be eliminated in time and buried deep in a centralized manner. Strictly implement disease prevention measures such as hand washing and disinfection before work, changing shoes before entering the room, and separate silkworm tools.

Second, pay attention to the silkworm breeding batches. In summer, mulberry trees grow vigorously and the yield of mulberry leaves is high. The silkworm breeding batches and quantities must be arranged according to the amount of mulberry leaves. Generally, a "water period" is arranged every 15 days or so, which can not only provide sufficient time for disinfection of silkworm rooms and silkworm tools, but also allow silkworms to eat high-quality mulberry leaves and grow well.

3. Careful management. To raise summer silkworms, you need to buy silkworm seeds suitable for raising in high temperature climates. On this basis, large, medium and small silkworms should be raised in separate rooms and small silkworms should be raised together. Select mulberry leaves according to the different ages of silkworms, pick mulberry leaves twice a day, morning and evening, and avoid picking mulberry leaves to feed silkworms under the hot sun. When picking mulberry leaves, remove insect leaves, diseased yellow leaves with mud, and pick, pack and transport them quickly to maintain freshness. When the temperature is high, the mulberry leaves collected should be sprayed with water to moisten them and covered; the mulberry leaves collected on rainy days should be spread out and air-dried in time. The density of the silkworm seats should be appropriate to ensure that each silkworm occupies a space the size of 2-3 silkworms, so that the silkworms can eat mulberry leaves and move around.

4. Temperature and humidity regulation. In summer, the silkworm room should be ventilated and breathable to prevent stuffiness and humidity, so as to reduce the harm of high temperature and humidity to summer silkworms. When the temperature is high and the humidity is high, a pergola or hanging green should be built around the silkworm room, especially the west pergola should be able to completely block the west wall to prevent the sun from shining directly on the west wall. At the same time, the south and north convection windows should be opened to allow air circulation. Farmers with conditions can use electric fans to blow "through wind" in the silkworm room.

The three rare conditions are essential for silkworm breeding in summer. Silkworms are temperature-changing animals. The high temperature in summer has many unfavorable factors for the breeding and growth of silkworms. The three rare conditions are the key to the good growth and development of silkworms:

1. The silkworm seats should be sparse

The temperature in the silkworm room is affected by air pressure and airflow to varying degrees. If the silkworm racks are placed closely together, and there are many silkworms, the wind penetration is low, and the temperature will rise sharply, thus affecting the normal growth and development of the silkworms. Therefore, when raising summer silkworms, the silkworm beds in the silkworm room must be placed sparsely to facilitate air circulation.

2. The silkworm plaque should be sparse

Silkworms are temperature-changing animals. If the silkworm slats are placed too close together, the temperature in the room will rise. Generally, a 100-cubic-meter silkworm room can only hold 16 to 18 silkworm slats. Keep a certain distance between the upper and lower layers of silkworm slats to allow air to swirl and flow between the slats.

3. The silkworm heads should be sparse

The natural temperature in summer is high, and sparse silkworm heads have the following benefits: ① It is conducive to the silkworms to eat well. Due to the influence of temperature, silkworms eat mulberry faster, and silkworm heads are sparsely placed to make the silkworms full. ② It is conducive to the growth and development of silkworms. Summer silkworms are raised for a short time and grow fast. Generally, in 20 days, the length of silkworms increases by 27 times, the width increases by 17 times, and the surface area increases by 500 times. Under such a large body change, only by sparsely placing silkworms can it be beneficial to the growth and development of silkworms. ③ It is conducive to reducing the incidence of disease. Sparse silkworm heads have less excrement and good indoor air, which is relatively less likely to induce silkworm diseases. Secondly, sparse silkworm heads will prevent silkworms from crawling together, and it is not easy to scratch the cortex and cause silkworm diseases.

Precautions for raising summer silkworms: 1. Do a good job in disinfection and disease prevention

Because the interval between silkworm breeding in summer is short, pathogens are fresh and large in quantity, and are easy to infect, we should pay attention to environmental sanitation and thoroughly disinfect the silkworm room and silkworm tools. You can spray disinfectant first, then clean and wash them. When spraying, pay attention to the dosage and spray all the surfaces. Strictly implement the "three disinfection principles" (that is, thoroughly disinfect before silkworm breeding, continue disinfection during silkworm breeding, and disinfect immediately after silkworm breeding), and carry out disinfection and disease prevention throughout the entire silkworm breeding process.

When harvesting leaves for summer silkworms, attention should be paid to the safe interval of pesticide application. Mulberry leaves from areas where pesticides are applied must be harvested and fed after the residual period has expired. Only after they are proven to be non-toxic can leaves be harvested for feeding. Summer silkworms should be protected from flies and rats to avoid losses.

2. Adjust the room temperature for silkworm rearing

According to the characteristics of summer climate, take corresponding measures to adjust and improve the silkworm breeding environment. In hot and humid weather, pay attention to ventilation, and cool down and moisturize when it is hot and dry. Plastic film can be used to cover the young silkworms, which can keep warm and moisturize, which is conducive to the healthy development of silkworms. In the adult silkworm period, choose a tall, spacious and well-ventilated house to prevent stuffiness. Plant trees and build a pergola around the silkworm house to reduce radiation.

3. Do a good job in mulberry leaf management

The quality of mulberry leaves is directly related to whether the summer silkworm harvest is good or not. We should strengthen the fertilization and pest control of mulberry trees to promote the growth of mulberry trees. During the young silkworm period (1 to 3 years old), it is key to pick the leaves that are ripe, with the color being pure green and soft to the touch as the standard. When collecting mulberry leaves for ants, you should choose mulberry leaves that are ripe and tender, and avoid using leaves that are not exposed to enough sunlight, old leaves, wilted leaves, diseased and insect-infested leaves, and mulberry leaves contaminated by pesticides. The leaves for summer silkworms should be picked in the morning before the dew dries or in the evening. Leaves must not be picked in the middle of the day (except on rainy days). The picked mulberry leaves should be picked and transported quickly to prevent the mulberry leaves from emitting moisture and withering. Pay special attention to not stacking mulberry leaves too high or too thick to prevent them from rotting.

4. Do a good job in feeding management

First, the transportation of silkworm eggs. When transporting silkworm eggs, do not pile them up or pile them up, and try to avoid contact with high temperatures. The transportation of silkworm eggs should be carried out in the morning and evening, and they should be spread out in time after being brought back to prevent accumulation and heating. When distributing silkworm eggs, try to do it in the morning and evening. Silkworm eggs should not come into contact with pesticides and all harmful gases to prevent silkworm poisoning.

Second, feed the young silkworms. Plastic film can be used to cover the silkworms. Silkworms grow and develop quickly, so the area of ​​silkworm seats should be expanded in advance to prevent them from being crowded and hungry. Disinfect the silkworm bodies and silkworm seats with fresh lime powder or 2% effective chlorine anti-stiffness powder every day. Add 500 times diluted silkworm disease sterilization spirit, Yijiling, and Kejunxing to feed the young silkworms when they wake up. Use 0.3% effective chlorine to soak or spray the leaves for disinfection, dehydrate, and dry them before feeding them.

Three-catch adult silkworm rearing. During the period, three sparse should be achieved: the silkworm racks in the silkworm room are sparsely connected, the silkworm foils on the silkworm racks are sparsely placed, and the silkworm heads in the silkworm foils are sparsely placed. This is conducive to ventilation, lowering the temperature, and ensuring that the silkworms are fully fed. During the adult silkworm period, especially during the hot and humid period, the silkworm litter should be removed frequently to keep the silkworm seats clean and dry. During the adult silkworm period, labor-saving silkworm rearing should be implemented. During the adult silkworm period, 300 times the liquid of fly-killing tablets should be sprayed on the silkworm bodies and 500 times the liquid should be added to the food to prevent maggots from harming them.

Fourth, cluster management. In order to reduce labor costs, it is advisable to adopt automated cluster technology. The specific method is: when the silkworms develop evenly and 5-10% of the silkworms are mature, use 4-6 pieces of Chuanto for each silkworm seed and mix 20-30 jin of mulberry leaves with cold boiled water (4-6 pieces with 1-1.5 jin of water), feed the silkworms at 10-12 pm, and no longer feed mulberry leaves. At 10-12 am the next day, sprinkle some straw or silk nets on the silkworm seat, and put plastic clusters or square clusters on the silkworm seat to let the mature silkworms automatically cluster and make cocoons. After clustering, strengthen the ventilation and dehumidification of the cluster room (use electric fans to dehumidify if conditions permit), so that the cluster room, cluster tools, and environment are dry, improve the yield and quality of silk cocoons, and ensure stable and high yields of summer silkworms.