CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What does the best way to raise silkworms mean?

1. New technologies and methods for silkworm breeding?

1. Preparation

Before raising silkworms, be sure to prepare a clean, odor-free cardboard box, and then poke some small holes on the top of the box to facilitate ventilation.

2. Incubation

Place the silkworm eggs in a carton at a temperature of 21-29°C. The incubation time is generally about 11 days.

3. Feeding

(1) When the silkworms are about to hatch, put an appropriate amount of fresh mulberry leaves into the cardboard box for the silkworms to eat.

(2) When silkworms are in the young stage, they can be fed with fresh and tender mulberry leaves. When they are in the adult stage, they can be fed with ordinary mulberry leaves.

(3) Before feeding, be sure to check the mulberry leaves carefully to pick out diseased, moldy, and insect-infested leaves, and make sure there is no water on the leaves, otherwise the silkworms will easily suffer from diarrhea after eating them.

4. Cleaning

(1) The old mulberry leaves in the cartons must be removed regularly and replaced with fresh mulberry leaves. All silkworm feces in the cartons must be cleaned up.

(2) When changing mulberry leaves to clean the feces, you must use a brush. The silkworms on the old mulberry leaves can be gently swept onto the new mulberry leaves, and then the silkworm feces and old mulberry leaves in the cardboard box are cleaned, and finally the new mulberry leaves are put into the cardboard box.

(3) If there are dead silkworms in the carton, be sure to clean it up immediately to prevent other silkworms from being infected.

2. How to raise silkworms?

Step/Method 1

Prepare a cardboard box of corresponding size according to the number of silkworms you raise, put A4 paper on the bottom of the box, and place a board on the box to prevent mice from eating the silkworms.

Step/Method 2

Put the silkworm eggs into a box, place the box in a place with suitable temperature, and sprinkle a little water in the box to increase the hatching rate.

Step/Method 3

Use scissors to cut the fresh mulberry leaves into pieces and feed them to the silkworms. Be sure to wipe the water off the selected mulberry leaves with a rag, otherwise the silkworms will get sick after eating them.

Step/Method 4

When the silkworms grow up and are about to spin silk, they will not like to eat much. At the same time, their feces will change from dark green to turquoise. You can put the silkworms that are about to spin silk in a box. Do not open the lid frequently and wait patiently for them to turn into silkworm pupae.

3. How to hatch and raise silkworms?

First prepare a small box and put the eggs in it. The temperature should be between 22 and 25 degrees. Then poke a few holes in the box and sprinkle some water regularly, but not too much, or it will die. When you see the eggs are getting darker, it means the larvae are about to hatch. After receiving the silkworm seeds, place them in the prepared silkworm box. The silkworm box can usually be made of ordinary paper boxes, but make sure the box is clean and odor-free.

From the day the silkworm eggs are shipped out of the warehouse, they will naturally hatch into silkworms in about 11 days (including the shipping time) at room temperature of 21-29 degrees Celsius. The silkworms will have an appetite about 40 minutes after they hatch, and the feeding process should begin at this time. Take the prepared fresh tender mulberry leaves out of the refrigerator, wait for the mulberry leaves to return to room temperature, cut them into small pieces with a knife and put them in the silkworm box. The silkworms will automatically climb onto the mulberry leaves to eat. It usually takes about 27 days (divided into 5 ages) for silkworms to hatch and go up the mountain to make cocoons.

It is advisable to feed silkworms from the first to third instar with tender mulberry leaves, and silkworms from the fourth and fifth instars can use ordinary mulberry leaves. Silkworms are suitable for growing in an environment with a temperature range of 22-29 degrees Celsius, and their most suitable growth temperature is around 27 degrees Celsius. A silkworm eats about 25 grams of mulberry leaves in its lifetime. If you feed 40 silkworms, you only need 1 kilogram of mulberry leaves. However, in the actual feeding process, some mulberry leaves will be wasted, so more mulberry leaves will be needed.

After the fifth instar, silkworms stop eating mulberry leaves and start looking for a suitable place to spin silk and make cocoons (also called going up the mountain to make cocoons). In rural areas, straw hills or pine branches are generally used as silkworm hills. For silkworms raised as pets, a paper box divided into many small compartments can be used instead.

1. Mulberry leaf preservation

1. Place the mulberry leaves in the refrigerator (around 5 degrees Celsius) to prevent them from spoiling.

2. Tie the mouth of the plastic bag tightly to slow down the drying and dehydration of the mulberry leaves.

2. Feeding of Silkworms

1. After taking out the mulberry leaves from the refrigerator, you need to wait for a few minutes to allow the mulberry leaves to return to room temperature before feeding them.

2. Do not wash the mulberry leaves with water, keep them in their natural state.

3. When feeding second-instar silkworms, please use tenderer mulberry leaves, 1-2 leaves per day.

4. Feeding time can be chosen in the morning or at noon.

1. Do not catch the silkworms with your hands. Use the soft bristles of a brush to drive them away.

2. Clean the silkworm house every day.

3. The silkworm house should be placed in a cool place (around 25 degrees Celsius).

1. If the silkworms are newly hatched (ant silkworms), use slightly tenderer mulberry leaves.

2. Silkworms cannot eat wet mulberry leaves. The surface of the mulberry leaves must be dried.

3. Mulberry leaves are best for silkworms, because eating other leaves may cause some problems for the silkworms (stunted development?)

4. When raising silkworms, you must not use pesticides or anything like that at home! You must not let them eat mulberry leaves that may contain pesticides! So when I raised silkworms in the past, I would wash the mulberry leaves first, wipe them dry, and then feed them to the silkworms.

5. The best place to raise silkworms is a box with high sides. You can put some paper towels underneath (to make cleaning easier). But be careful. If you don’t choose the right container, the silkworms may escape (I have had this experience). Also, make sure it is breathable.

6. When raising silkworms, you must prepare a lot of mulberry leaves. If they are just hatched, it is okay, but when they grow up a little, the silkworms will eat very fast! It is best not to let them starve, otherwise they may run away. (In fact, if there are enough mulberry leaves for the silkworms to eat and they are not hungry, they will not run away even if there is no container)

7. Silkworms will shed their skin every once in a while. It is best not to touch them and let them shed their skin on their own. 8. If the silkworms become a little transparent, no longer like to eat mulberry leaves, and crawl around, they may be about to make cocoons. It is best to put some branches, small sticks, etc. in the box to facilitate the cocooning of the silkworms. Put it in a paper box or a small sieve for sifting rice. If you use a sieve, put some paper pads on the bottom of the sieve.

Additional information:

Silkworm (scientific name: Bombyx mori) is an insect of the order Lepidoptera. It is the main source of silk and plays an important role in human economic life and cultural history. It is native to China and is commonly known as silkworm or nymph in southern China and Taiwan.

The silkworm is called "silkworm" in English because it uses silk to make cocoons. A cocoon is made from a strand of silk that is 300-900 meters long. Today, my country's silk production and exports account for more than 70% of the world's total, and it has become a major silk country that can dominate the world's silk price trend.

Silkworms are metamorphosis insects, the most common of which is the mulberry silkworm, also known as the domestic silkworm, one of the economic insects that feeds on mulberry leaves and spins silk and makes cocoons. The silkworm originated in China, and its development temperature is 7-40℃, and the optimum temperature for breeding is 20-30℃. Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves, and their bodies turn white after eating mulberry leaves continuously. After a period of time, they begin to shed their skins. The molting lasts for about a day, and they do not eat or move like sleeping. This is called "hibernation". After molting once, it is the second-instar larvae. It grows one year older every time it molts. The larvae molt four times in total, becoming fifth-instar larvae, and then eat mulberry leaves for 8 days to become mature silkworms, and begin to spin silk and make cocoons.

Integrated control technology of silkworm diseases

1. Technical Introduction

The basic principle of silkworm disease prevention is "prevention first, comprehensive prevention". The method is to focus on disinfection and clean feeding, cut off the path of pathogen transmission, prevent silkworm infection, improve feeding conditions, strengthen silkworms, improve disease resistance, etc., combine disease prevention with feeding technology, and take the path of comprehensive prevention to achieve real results.

2. Technical points

1. Disinfection

1. Disinfection before raising silkworms: Thoroughly clean the silkworm room by sweeping, washing, scraping, brushing, and disinfecting. Disinfectants can be toxic dispersants, chlorine smoke purifiers, or sprayed with 2% formaldehyde and 1% effective chlorine water, and ventilated for more than 24 hours. Silkworm plaques, wire nets, etc. suitable for steam disinfection should be steamed in the stove, and the temperature should be maintained for more than 30 minutes after reaching 100℃, and then taken out of the stove to dry for use; bamboo poles, silkworm racks, etc. should be soaked in a disinfection pool with bleaching powder containing 1.0% effective chlorine for more than 20 minutes, and then brought into the silkworm room in a wet state to dry; other utensils should be washed and exposed to sunlight several times.

2. Disinfection during the silkworm period: (1) Disinfection of silkworm bodies and silkworm sacs. The period from silkworms’ emergence to the early stage of disease is the key period for prevention and control. Use of a mixture of disease prevention No. 1, chloramine, fresh lime powder, and chloramine fumigant (open windows for ventilation 1 hour before fumigation) can prevent viral, fungal, and bacterial diseases, and can also reduce the chance of infection of silkworm sacs with microparticle diseases. (2) Isolation of weak silkworms. Various infectious silkworm diseases can cause silkworms to grow slowly and develop unevenly. The excrement and blood of diseased silkworms often contain a large number of pathogens, which become the main source of infection of silkworm sacs. Therefore, eliminating weak silkworms can effectively control the spread of silkworm diseases.

(3) Establish a hygiene and disease prevention system to control the spread of pathogens. ① Unsterilized silkworm tools are not allowed to enter the silkworm room. Tools for picking and transporting mulberry leaves must be strictly separated. ② Use plastic sheets to separate silkworm feces during sand removal. Disinfect the silkworm nets that are replaced after sand removal before reuse. ③ Change shoes when entering the silkworm room, and place disinfectants at the door of the silkworm room to disinfect the soles of shoes. Change shoes when entering the mulberry storage room. ④ Wash hands before tending to mulberry leaves and after sand removal. ⑤ Disinfect the floors of the silkworm room and mulberry storage room once a day with bleach solution (containing 1.0% effective chlorine). ⑥ Seal the discarded silkworms and put the silkworm feces into a pit for fermentation to prevent spread.

3. Disinfection after returning to the mountain: After the silkworm period is over, the waste with no use value, such as silkworm feces, rotten cocoons, and old cocooning tools, should be burned or piled up for retting. The valuable tools should go through the process of primary disinfection → cleaning → secondary disinfection to ensure that they are clean and free of pathogens. The silkworm room, mulberry storage room, cocooning room and other environments should be carefully disinfected as before the silkworm period.

4. How to raise silkworms in one day?

Put the silkworms in a paper box or a small sieve for sifting rice. If you use a sieve, put some paper pads on the bottom of the sieve. When the silkworms have just hatched from the eggs, you must be especially careful with them. Feed them with relatively tender mulberry leaves. When changing the mulberry leaves, use a very soft brush to move them. Be careful about the force; sometimes the mulberry leaves are too dry, and if you are not careful, the silkworms will be left on the mulberry leaves that are about to be discarded. It is a little difficult to raise them when they are young, but it will be easier when they grow up.

When it is about to make a cocoon, just take some wheat straw and tie it into the shape of branches.

After the moths break out of their cocoons, place them together in a box. They will mate together and lay eggs. Sometimes, because there are few silkworms, some moths will be left alone when they break out of their cocoons, but don't worry, as long as one pair of moths succeeds, I believe it will be enough for you to raise.

Mulberry leaves should be fresh. You can also collect them in a plastic bag each time, use a few leaves a day, and keep the rest in the refrigerator (4℃) to keep them fresh (do not water them, as the leaves will turn yellow quickly if you water them. It is recommended to seal them in a fresh-keeping bag). The collected leaves will have some dust, so you can wash them and dry them. You must dry them, otherwise the young or adult silkworms will have diarrhea after eating them, and they may even die.

history

Silkworms were domesticated before the Xia Dynasty. Silkworms were selected from mulberry pests and silkworm breeding technology was created. In the Shang Dynasty, "female silkworms" were set up as officials in charge of silkworms. In the oracle bone inscriptions, the silkworm god was worshipped together with Shang Jiawei, and silkworms were highly respected. At that time, there were four types of silkworms: cup silkworms (stinking silkworms), thorn silkworms, chestnut silkworms, and mosquito silkworms. The domestic silkworm was also called snail silkworm. Wild silkworms and domestic silkworms were both polymorphic, and gradually evolved into dimorphic and monomorphic, with three-sleeping silkworms being the main type. In the Zhou Dynasty, there was a "silkworm-friendly" system. The emperor and the princes all had "public mulberry silkworm rooms". In the second month of the lunar calendar, silkworms were bathed and silkworms were raised on the first day of the third month. There was a certain understanding of the growth forms of silkworms, such as bathing seeds, ants, silkworm sleep, pupation, cocooning, and moth transformation. There are records of silkworm breeding tools such as Qu (foil), Zhi (silkworm rack), basket (silkworm plaque), and Peng (reed mat). From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, the main breeding method was monovoltine silkworms (spring silkworms), while summer silkworms (primary silkworms) were prohibited. Only one crop was raised a year to avoid excessive harvesting of mulberry leaves and mulberry leaves. The Zhou Dynasty had a relatively mature silkworm breeding method. Bathing the seeds was to remove the bacteria on the silkworm eggs. The silkworm eggs were soaked in juice boiled with white reed to promote their hatching. The silkworm room should pay attention to drainage, drying and temperature regulation. During the Warring States Period, the understanding of the habits of silkworms deepened. It was recognized that silkworms have no male and female, but moths have male and female, are afraid of high temperatures, like a certain humidity, and hate rain. The three-sleeping silkworm age is 21 days. In the northern region, there are monovoltine, divoltine (primary silkworms) and polyvoltine, which can hatch continuously until the end of autumn. When a large number of fresh cocoons are destroyed by moths because they cannot be reeled in time, the two methods of killing pupae, namely, exposing the cocoons and shaking the pupae, are used to deal with them.

Wild silkworms have continued to be collected and used since the Qin and Han Dynasties. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were great advances in seed selection and seed production technology, and a method of low-overflow control of the hatching time of silkworm seed production has been invented. There are eight generations of silkworms in Yongjia: Luozhen silkworms hatch in March, Tuocan and Luocan hatch in early April, Aizhen hatch in May, Aican hatch in late June, Hanzhen hatch in late July, Sichucan hatch in early September, and Hancan hatch in tenth month. The commonly used silkworm species in the north are three-lying, one-life silkworms (three-sleep, one-transformation) and four-lying, two-regenerating silkworms (four-sleep, two-transformation). Based on body color and markings, silkworm varieties are divided into white-headed silkworms and collared stone silkworms.

5. How to raise silkworms at home?

After receiving the silkworm seeds, place them in the prepared silkworm rearing box. The silkworm box can generally be an ordinary paper box, but it must be kept clean and odorless. From the day the silkworm seeds are shipped out of the warehouse, they will naturally hatch into silkworms in about 11 days (including the delivery time) at room temperature of 21-29 degrees Celsius. Silkworms will have an appetite about 40 minutes after hatching, and the feeding process should begin at this time. Take the prepared fresh tender mulberry leaves out of the refrigerator, wait for the mulberry leaves to return to room temperature, cut them into small pieces with a knife and put them in the silkworm box. The silkworms will automatically climb onto the mulberry leaves to eat. It usually takes about 27 days (divided into 5 ages) for silkworms to hatch and cocoon on the mountain. It is advisable to use tenderer mulberry leaves for feeding silkworms from the first to third ages, and ordinary mulberry leaves for silkworms from the fourth and fifth ages. Silkworms are suitable for growing in an environment with a temperature range of 22-29 degrees Celsius, and the most suitable growth temperature is about 27 degrees Celsius. A silkworm eats about 25 grams of mulberry leaves in its lifetime. For example, if you want to feed 40 silkworms, you only need 1 kg of mulberry leaves. However, in the actual feeding process, some mulberry leaves will be wasted, so more mulberry leaves will be needed. After the fifth instar, silkworms will stop eating mulberry leaves and start looking for a suitable place to spin silk and make cocoons (also called going up the mountain to make cocoons). In rural areas, straw-bound grass hills or pine branches are generally used as silkworm hills. For silkworms fed as pets, a paper box divided into many small compartments can be used instead. Precautions for raising silkworms 1. Keep mulberry leaves fresh 1. Place mulberry leaves in the refrigerator (about 5 degrees Celsius) to prevent deterioration. 2. Tighten the plastic bag to slow down the drying and dehydration time of mulberry leaves. 2. Feeding silkworms 1. Take out the mulberry leaves from the refrigerator and wait for a few minutes for the mulberry leaves to return to room temperature before feeding. 2. Do not wash the mulberry leaves with water and keep them in a natural state. 3. For feeding the second-instar silkworms, please choose tenderer mulberry leaves, 1-2 pieces per day. 4. The feeding time can be chosen in the morning or at noon. 3. Other matters needing attention 1. Do not catch silkworms with your hands, use the soft bristles of a brush to drive them away; 2. Clean the silkworm room every day; 3. The silkworm room should be placed in a cool place (around 25 degrees Celsius).

6. How to raise silkworms at home?

My mother raises silkworms at home, but there are many ants around the house, which are very harmful to the silkworms. The effective way to prevent and control them without harming the silkworms is as follows:

1. Spray detergent water on the areas where ants pass to block them and prevent them.

2. You can put some walnut leaves or peppercorns and other things with pungent smells in places where ants pass by, which can also have the effect of repelling ants.

3. You can put some vegetables that ants dislike, such as celery and coriander, on tree stumps near where ants pass, which can effectively drive away ants.