CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to raise silkworm pupae for beginners (How to raise silkworm pupae for beginners video)

1. What is the correct way to raise cicada pupae?

1. Breeding site: Generally, it can be carried out in a forest or orchard of a certain size. As long as the soil is not wet, waterlogged, and there are no insects, ants, or mice.

2. Collect egg branches: Every year when the cicadas are chirping, pay attention to which woods or orchards have the most cicadas, and then go to these places to collect egg branches.

3. Female cicadas usually lay eggs in July and August. They will choose to lay eggs on 4-5 cm tender branches. The best time to collect egg branches is in late autumn and early winter. Cut off the dry egg branches (at least 20 cm away from the cicada eggs) and bring them back to the breeding site.

4. Insert the collected egg branches into a pot with soil or other containers, and then bury them according to the degeneration of the cicada eggs. Generally, cicada eggs stay in the branches for about 30-35 days.

5. Planting of egg branches: Dig a hole about 30-40 cm long and deep under the tree, several dozen centimeters away from the trunk, bury 1-2 egg branches, and cover with soil. Try to complete it by the end of October, otherwise the survival rate of cicada eggs will be reduced, which will affect the production of cicada pupae. Or observe the egg branches, and when the cicada eggs are about to hatch into cicada ants, remove the egg branches in time, and then dig a hole to bury them. This can stagger the time of burying and the time of catching cicada pupae. Cicada eggs will hatch into cicada ants, suck the juice of the roots under the tree, and then begin to spend the first 2-3 years of their lives, or a longer period of time, and gradually develop into cicada pupae.

6. Daily management: Trees need to be managed regularly, including fertilizing, weeding, watering, etc., to ensure that the trees can grow well and provide the necessary nutrients for cicada ants to feed and degenerate.

7. Cicada pupa capture: When you first hear cicadas chirping, you should put 10-15 cm high plastic sheets around the branches where the eggs are buried to prevent the cicada pupae from breaking out of the soil and escaping. At the same time, you should also put plastic sheets or transparent tape around the base of the tree to prevent the cicada pupae from escaping through the tree.

2. How to cultivate silkworm pupae?

Silkworms prefer warm seasons to grow, so spring and summer are the best seasons to breed silkworm pupae. In addition, silkworm pupae should be bred according to the growth of mulberry leaves to ensure that their feed is adequately supplied.

In terms of temperature requirements, silkworm pupae aged 4 to 5 years old are suitable for indoor breeding environments above 20℃. Do not breed them in high temperature and high humidity environments, as this is not conducive to the growth and development of silkworm pupae. When the small spots on the silkworm eggs account for 20% of the body, they should be covered with black cloth to block light. On the morning of the third day, the black cloth should be removed, and then the silkworm eggs should be wrapped up and wait for them to hatch. In addition, young silkworm pupae require more nutrition, so they need to increase feed during this period. At the same time, the excretion of silkworm pupae is also very large, so extra attention should be paid to ventilation and cleaning in the breeding room.

3. How to raise silkworm pupae?

How to raise silkworm pupae

Prepare the silkworm room, silkworm tools and mulberry leaves, and thoroughly disinfect the silkworm tools and silkworm room. In spring and summer, pour the silkworm eggs on paper to collect the silkworms, and then feed them 2-3 meals of fresh and tender small leaves every day, and control the temperature at around 27 degrees. When they grow to the second age, lower the temperature appropriately, feed them 2-3 meals of mulberry leaves every day, and do a good job of water and disease management. When they grow to the fourth age, the silkworms begin to make cocoons, and after peeling them open, you will get silkworm pupae.

4. How to raise silkworm pupae?

1. Prepare the silkworm room, silkworm tools and mulberry leaves, and thoroughly disinfect the silkworm tools and silkworm room. In spring and summer, pour the silkworm eggs on paper to collect the silkworms, and then feed them 2-3 meals of fresh and tender small leaves every day, and control the temperature at around 27 degrees. When they grow to the second age, lower the temperature appropriately, feed them 2-3 meals of mulberry leaves every day, and do a good job of water and disease management. When they grow to the fourth age, the silkworms begin to make cocoons, and after peeling them, you will get silkworm pupae.

2. Silkworm moths do not need to be fed after they emerge from their cocoons. Female moths will emit odors from their tails to lure male moths for mating. The male moths will die after mating. After mating, the female moths will choose a place to lay about 500 eggs and then slowly die.

5. How to breed silkworm pupae?

1. Disinfection

When raising silkworm pupae, you must first prepare utensils and cardboard boxes of appropriate size, rinse and disinfect them with disinfectant, and then place them in a cool place to dry to avoid bacterial growth. Soft paper or cotton cloth should be placed at the bottom of the box to provide a comfortable environment for the silkworm pupae.

2. Temperature environment

Silkworm pupae cannot grow in a low-temperature environment. During the breeding process, they need to be placed in a warm and dry place. Be careful not to expose them to strong light. When the weather is clear, you can move the pupae to a place with scattered light.

3. Feeding method

Silkworm pupae do not have high requirements for food, so they can be provided with fresh leaves. After the silkworm pupae lay eggs, they need to be provided with small pieces of mulberry leaves, and there must be no water stains on the mulberry leaves, otherwise it will cause the death of the young silkworms.

4. Notes

During the process of silkworm pupae degenerating into moths, they should be placed in a cool place and not moved frequently, otherwise it will affect the hatching process. In addition, the environment must be dry. If the humidity is too high, it will cause adverse reactions in the silkworm pupae.

6. How to breed silkworm pupae?

Artificial breeding

【Preparation before raising silkworms】:

On the basis of planting mulberry leaves, prepare the silkworm room and silkworm tools; 7 days before raising silkworms, spray and disinfect with 1% strong chlorine, half a pound of liquid per square meter, and seal it for more than 24 hours after spraying. At the same time, the environment around the silkworm room should be sprayed and disinfected.

【Accelerating Greening】：

Around the eighth day after the silkworm eggs were taken out of the warehouse, you can see a small black dot at one end of the egg, which is called "green dot". If 20% of the eggs on a sheet of silkworm eggs have green dots, use a black cloth to block out the light. Starting from the day of "green dots", the black cloth should be removed at 5 o'clock in the morning on the third day, and the lights should be turned on for photosensitive incubation.

【Ant Collection】：

feel

After 3-4 hours of exposure, the spring silkworms can be harvested at 9 am, and the summer and autumn silkworms can be harvested at 7-8 am. Method of harvesting ants: Cut the first unfolded leaves of mulberry into 0.5 cm small cubes, use about 5 times the amount of leaves as ants, and sprinkle them on the mat with

On the dustpan covered with plastic film, hold the silkworm seed paper in one hand and the silkworm chopsticks in the other hand, and pat the back of the silkworm seed paper evenly to make the silkworms fall onto the dustpan. Then scrape the silkworms with goose feathers and arrange them into a round shape.

[Raising silkworms]:

1. Temperature and humidity adjustment: 1 to 3 years old are called young silkworms, and they require a high temperature and high humidity environment. The suitable temperature for 1 to 2 years old is 26 to 27 degrees Celsius and the relative humidity is 90%; therefore, 1 to 2 years old silkworms are fully protected by dry breeding, that is, covered with plastic film and padded with plastic film; 3 years old silkworms are protected by semi-protected dry breeding, that is, only covered without plastic film, and the temperature is maintained at 26 to 27 degrees Celsius and the relative humidity is 85%.

2.

Leaves for young silkworms: For 1-year-old silkworms, use the third leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree. The leaf color is yellow with green. For one silkworm, use 1kg of leaves. For 2-year-old silkworms, use the fourth leaf from the top bud. The leaf color is green with yellow. For one silkworm, use 3kg of leaves. For 3-year-old silkworms, use the fourth leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree. The leaf color is green with yellow. For one silkworm, use 3kg of leaves.

The 5th to 6th leaf below the terminal bud is light green and shiny. One leaf weighs 10 to 12 kg. Cut the mulberry leaves into small cubes 1.5 times the length of the silkworm body for the first and second instar silkworms, and roughly cut the mulberry leaves into triangles for the third instar silkworms.

The amount of mulberry leaves fed should be just right, leaving a small amount of residual mulberry leaves on the silkworm seats before the next feeding.

3. Frequency and time of feeding mulberry: Feed 4 times a day, at 7:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m., 4:00 p.m., and 10:00 p.m. Young silkworms grow and develop quickly, so each feeding should be combined with expanding the seat.

4. Pre-sleep treatment:

(1) Desanding before sleeping: The body color of young silkworms turns white, their bodies shorten, and their body surfaces become tense and shiny. Parts of the bodies of first-instar silkworms are covered with silkworm feces. When there is a phenomenon of second- and third-instar silkworms carrying silkworms on their backs, you can add a net to the mulberry tree to desand them before sleeping.

(2) Raising the silkworms: If some silkworms are asleep and some are not, add a net to the mulberry tree again to lure the awake silkworms out and move them to another winnowing basket to continue feeding them until they fall asleep.

5. Protection during dormancy: In the early stage of dormancy, the silkworm seats should be dry. Lime powder should be sprinkled on the seats to maintain a relative humidity of 80%. When silkworms begin to emerge, the room should be humid and the relative humidity should be maintained at 85%. If the humidity is not enough, water can be sprinkled on the ground to supplement moisture.

6. Feeding after waking up: When more than 95% of the sleeping silkworms have shed their skins, their heads have turned from grayish white to brown and have become noticeably larger. The young silkworms are crawling around looking for food. At this time, they can be fed. The mulberry leaves used as food should be slightly tender, and the amount of mulberry leaves given should be relatively small.

[Raising of silkworms]:

1. Rearing method: 4-5 year old silkworms are in the adult stage, and the suitable growth temperature is 25℃. Silkworms have weak resistance to high temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide, eat a lot of mulberry leaves and produce a lot of excrement. They can be raised on the ground indoors or on sheds outdoors.

2. Move the silkworms to the ground: Clean the silkworm room, disinfect it with 1% bleaching powder, and after it is dry, sprinkle a layer of lime powder on the ground. After feeding the silkworms a meal of leaves, move them to the ground for feeding.

3.

Reasonable feeding of mulberry leaves: The 4th instar silkworm is the transition period from the growth of the silkworm body to the growth of the silk gland. If the malnutrition is poor, it will affect the yield and quality. The mulberry leaves should be fresh and of good quality. Select 7 to 15 leaves under the top bud for feeding, so as to achieve the goal of good mulberry leaves.

Purpose: The amount of mulberry used by 5-year-old silkworms accounts for about 85% of the total amount of mulberry used. This period is the key period for rational use of mulberry and improving the benefits of mulberry leaves. The feeding method of tight at both ends and loose in the middle is adopted: on the 1st to 2nd day or the 5th to 7th day of the 5th year, the amount of leaves is

It is necessary to strictly control the silkworms so that they have just finished eating mulberry leaves before the next feeding. The silkworms should be fully fed with good mulberry leaves on the 3rd to 6th day. The silkworms should be moved and the seats expanded every time they are fed with leaves to keep the silkworm heads even.

4. Keep the silkworm seats clean: Use fresh lime powder to disinfect the silkworm bodies and seats every morning during the growing period. On rainy days when the humidity is high, sprinkle lime powder twice a day to keep the room ventilated and dry.

5.

Collecting cocoons from the upper cluster: After 6-7 days, the fifth-instar silkworms stop eating mulberry leaves and excrete a lot of soft green feces. Their chests are transparent, their bodies are slightly soft and waxy yellow, and their heads swing left and right. At this time, 3-4 square clusters are selected to overlap horizontally.

Put the silkworms in place and spread them evenly on the clusters. Hang the clusters up after the silkworms have settled down. Keep good ventilation during the clustering process, maintain a temperature of 24°C and a humidity of 85%.

The cocoons can be harvested and sold in 4 to 5 days.

【Feeding technology】:

1. Do a good job of disinfection before silkworm rearing to reduce the incidence of silkworms

Cleaning and disinfection before silkworm rearing is the key to disease prevention.

Disinfection is the most important part of the work and is also a prerequisite for achieving high yields of silkworm cocoons. To improve the disinfection effect, the disinfection steps should be "sweep, wash, scrape, disinfect, and whiten".

Important: The silkworm room must be cleaned, the silkworm tools must be washed clean, the medicine must be prepared accurately, the liquid medicine must be sprayed evenly, the room tools must be completely disinfected, and they must be kept well after disinfection.

2. Do a good job in supplementing and accelerating the hatching process to improve the one-day hatching rate

repair

The quality of the induction work is directly related to the one-day hatching rate. The majority of silkworm farmers should pay attention to the induction work, mainly to control the temperature and humidity and shade work.

78～79℉, with a humidity difference of 2℉. In the evening before collecting ants, raise the temperature to 80～81℉, with a humidity difference of 1℉. At the same time, strictly shade the ants when supplementing the ants to achieve uniform hatching.

3. Eliminate open flame heating to ensure the safety of human silkworms

bright

Fire heating has great safety hazards: first, it is easy to cause carbon monoxide and other waste gas poisoning to breeders. Every year, silkworm farmers in our city are sent to the hospital for emergency treatment or even die due to poisoning caused by open fire heating; second, the temperature is difficult to control.

If the temperature is too high, it will affect the physical condition of silkworms, and even kill them; third, it is easy to cause fire accidents. At the same time, no seed is prepared in various places, and if the loss caused by silkworm seed poisoning or death by baking is caused, it will be irreparable.

To ensure safety, we should vigorously promote hidden fire heating, implement hidden fire heating forms such as ground fire dragons, sky fire dragons, electric furnaces, and wall stoves, or transform open fire heating facilities, increase flues to the outdoors, and eliminate open fire heating; when feeding silkworms in the silkworm room,

Two or more people should be present to take care of each other and provide timely rescue in case of poisoning; for silkworm farmers who do not have facilities for raising young silkworms or whose conditions are poor or who raise a small number of silkworms, it is recommended that they raise young silkworms together, implement centralized raising of young silkworms, or hand them over to a small silkworm company.

Breeding: The small silkworm room should be ventilated frequently to keep the indoor air fresh.

4. Pay close attention to weather and silkworm information, and work together to prevent fluoride

First, we must implement the city government's anti-fluoride ceasefire measures during the spring silkworm season; second, we must pay close attention to weather conditions and changes in silkworm information during the silkworm season. Once signs of fluoride poisoning appear, timely adopt agricultural anti-fluoride measures such as batch feeding, adjusting leaf position, and washing leaves with lime water to reduce losses.

5. Promote the use of core removal technology to improve the yield and quality of mulberry leaves

Plucking is to remove the tender tips of the new shoots of mulberry trees, which can accelerate the maturity of tender leaves and improve the yield and quality of mulberry leaves. The method is: do it about 10 days before using the leaves, and pick the cores in batches according to the leaf use plan of the mulberry garden. The degree of core removal: generally remove the tender tips that are shaped like a magpie's mouth.

6. Focus on disease and poison prevention to reduce losses caused by silkworm diseases and poisoning

exist

During the breeding process, fresh lime powder, disease prevention No. 1, antibiotics and silkworm fly killers should be used frequently to disinfect the silkworm bodies and silkworm seats to prevent diseases, so as to minimize the loss of silkworm diseases.

Volatile pesticides should be stored in a sealed bag and tied tightly at the back. When picking mulberry leaves from mulberry gardens adjacent to other crops, try them before eating to prevent silkworm poisoning accidents caused by spraying pesticides on other crops.

7. Enhance ventilation and feed silkworms sparsely to feed them well.

Because silkworms eat a lot of mulberry leaves, have a lot of excrement, and cannot tolerate high temperature and humidity, special attention should be paid to ventilation during the period. Silkworms should be raised with doors and windows open, and the food should be sparsely placed on each bed with an area of ​​more than 40 square meters during the three days of adult silkworms, and sufficient mulberry leaves should be provided to keep the silkworms well fed.

8. Grasp the mountain pass and improve the quality of spring cocoon production

Grasp

It is an important measure to improve the quality of silkworm cocoon production to ensure that good silkworms go to the mountains. First, you should be aware of safety when choosing cocooning tools. In a few areas, there have been accidents where a large number of silkworms did not produce cocoons due to the influence of pesticide residues in cocoon grass.

It is recommended to use high-quality cocooning tools such as square cocoons and plastic folding cocoons; when using straw cocooning tools, try to use straw with less pesticide pollution, and use the relatively free time in the early stage of silkworm rearing to fully expose and dry them to remove as much residual pesticide as possible.

Strengthen ventilation in the cocooning room. After all the mature silkworms have come up the mountain to form cocoon webs, open the doors and windows of the cocooning room for ventilation, so that the silkworms can spit out all the cocoon silk materials, increase the amount of cocoon layers, and improve the cocoon quality.

【Farming technology】

Note

Note: To prevent diseases and insect pests, pay attention to disinfection before and during silkworm rearing, prevent diseases from feeding silkworms from the 2nd instar, and prevent flies and maggots from the 3rd instar; prevent heat and stuffiness, and prevent hot winds; to prevent starvation, feed silkworms less and more frequently, and feed more at night when it is cool; remove sand every day from the 3rd instar

The ants should be collected on time at 8-9 am, and they should be fed as soon as they are collected; when the silkworms are about to sleep, they should be fed with cut leaves, feed less but more often, add a net to lift the silkworms to stop mulberry, and let them sleep after they are well fed; the room temperature for young silkworms should not be higher than 30℃, and that for adult silkworms should not be higher than 27℃; summer silkworms should be

Release silkworms more sparsely than in spring; give them adequate leaves and feed them fully. The treatment of dormancy should be timely. Add dormancy nets earlier than in spring silkworms. If the silkworms are not fully developed, they should be raised in batches. Raise them in batches to shorten the mulberry stop time and make them go to sleep smoothly. Put them on the cocoon in time and separate them when they are old.

Select the cocoons in batches and place them sparsely. Open the doors and windows 3 days after cocooning to remove moisture and protect the cocoons, but avoid strong winds directly, just feel a slight breeze on your face.

The key to summer silkworm breeding is to focus on good mulberry trees and full food, and flexibly apply the following techniques: prevent diseases and insect pests, prevent stuffiness and prevent hungry silkworms, pick up silkworms and remove sand frequently, collect ants early, feed early, expand the seats early and release silkworms sparsely, stop mulberry cultivation late, ensure uniform temperature in the silkworm room, uniform distribution of silkworms, uniform feeding of leaves, uniform age and tenderness of mulberry leaves, and timely awakening and clustering.

7. How to raise silkworm pupae at home?

Prepare the silkworm room, silkworm tools and mulberry leaves, and thoroughly disinfect the silkworm tools and silkworm room. In spring and summer, pour the silkworm eggs on paper to collect the silkworms, and then feed them 2-3 meals of fresh and tender small leaves every day, and control the temperature at around 27 degrees. When they grow to the second age, lower the temperature appropriately, feed them 2-3 meals of mulberry leaves every day, and do a good job of water and disease management. When they grow to the fourth age, the silkworms begin to make cocoons, and after peeling them open, you will get silkworm pupae.

Silkworm moths do not need to be fed. After the female moth emerges from the cocoon, it will emit a scent from its tail to lure the male moth to mate. The male moth will die after mating. After mating, the female moth will choose a place to lay about 500 eggs and then slowly die.