CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Sporozoan disease in fish? Can we eat fish that have sporozoan disease?

1. Sporozoan disease in fish?

First, we need to distinguish the type of disease and the type of fish we are raising. Sporozoa are a large class of pathogenic protozoa, and there are many types. There are many fish disease sporozoa, which can parasitize the mesentery, gills, brain, spinal cord, and internal organs. Iodine bubble worms are the main pathogenic organisms of carp. Generally, prevention and treatment are the main measures. It is too late to infect the fish. Prevention and control methods:

1. Thoroughly clean the pond with quicklime, etc. to inhibit the massive reproduction of spores and reduce the occurrence of this disease;

2. Before stocking the fish, add 500g of potassium permanganate to 1 cubic meter of water, stir to fully dissolve it, and make a solution with a concentration of 500mg/L. Soak the fish for 30 minutes, or add 500g of lime nitrogen to 1 cubic meter of water, stir to make a suspension, and soak the fish for 30 minutes. Treatment of myxosporean disease This disease is caused by myxosporeans parasitizing the skin, gills, intestines and nervous system of fish. The parts of the fish disease have cysts, which are grayish white dots and tumors. Common myxosporeans include pancake-shaped iodine spores, wild carp sulfonium spores, crucian carp iodine spores, silver carp iodine spores, etc. Symptoms: The sick fish are emaciated, the body color is black, they swim alone or restlessly and wildly, and they are extremely harmful to the fish from October to February of the following year. Treatment methods: 1. Sprinkle 1 jin of 90% crystal trichlorfon per mu of water in the whole pond, and sprinkle it again after 3 to 4 days. 2. For every 10,000 fish or 100 jin of fish, mix 75 grams of edible sulfur powder with feed and feed it for one week. 3. Add 10 grams of 90% crystal trichlorfon to each jin of feed to feed fish, which can cure intestinal parasitic myxosporeans. This method is also effective for ringworm disease. Compare the following information, and it is best to consult an expert for specific practices. Other classifications 1. Madness disease is also known as silver carp madness disease, crazy knife, and silver carp iodine bubble disease. It is caused by silver carp iodine bubble parasitism in various organs and tissues of silver carp, especially the nervous system and sensory organs, such as the brain, spinal cord, parasitic lymph fluid in the cranial cavity, nerves, olfactory system, balance, and auditory systems. Silver carp fry can be infected as soon as they emerge from the membrane. At present, in production, it mainly harms silver carp of full age. When the disease is serious, it can cause a large number of sick fish to die; the meat of sick fish is not fresh and has a strong fishy smell, and it is very thin, so the commercial value of the fish that have not died is also seriously affected. This disease occurs in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and ponds across the country, especially in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. When seriously infected, the sick fish are extremely emaciated, with a large head and a small tail, with an upturned tail. The weight is only about half of that of a healthy fish. The length of the head is 2.95 times the height of the tail stalk (2.2-2.3 times for healthy fish), and the body color is dull and lusterless. The sick fish swim alone in the water, often jumping out of the water and diving back into the water, repeating this many times and dying. When dying, the head often burrows into the mud. Some swim sideways and die due to loss of balance and feeding ability, so it is called crazy disease. When the fish body is cut open, white cysts of varying sizes visible to the naked eye can be seen at the place where the silver carp iodine vesicles parasitize; the liver and spleen are atrophied, there is ascites in the abdominal cavity, and the vagus lobe of the cerebellum is significantly congested; the sick fish are severely anemic. 2. Pancake iodine vesicle disease is a serious fish disease during the grass carp seedling breeding period. It is caused by the parasitism of the pancake-shaped iodine bubble worm, which mainly parasitizes the intestinal wall of grass carp, especially the lamina propria and submucosa of the foregut. It occurs in all fish farming areas across the country, with Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei and other places being the most serious. The mortality rate can be as high as over 90%. The fry are infected 12 days after being put into the pond, causing a large number of deaths. When the water temperature is 27-30℃, it takes 12-15 days for the worm to develop a generation in the body of grass carp. When the spores aged for 6-8 months are used to artificially infect grass carp fry, 100% of them will become ill. It mainly harms grass carp with a total length of less than 5 cm, and bighead carp, silver carp and black carp mixed in the same pond are not affected. The disease is prevalent from May to July, especially from May to June. Many small white cysts are formed at the parasitic sites of the pancake-shaped iodine bubble worm, and the cysts are surrounded by connective tissue membranes formed by the host. The body color of the sick fish is black; the fish is emaciated, with a slightly swollen abdomen, light red gills, anemia, no food in the intestines, thickened foregut, and degeneration and necrosis of the intestinal wall tissue; when a large number of pancake-shaped iodine bubble worms parasitize on the spine, the fish body may bend. According to reports from Sichuan Province, pancake-shaped iodine bubble worms parasitize in the muscles of carp fry, forming white cysts. The body surface of the sick fish is uneven, and the fish grows slowly. In severe cases, the disease causes a large number of deaths. 3. Wild carp iodine bubble worm disease Wild carp iodine bubble worms parasitize on the skin and gills of dace fry and summer carp, forming many gray-white tumor-like or dot-like cysts, especially on the body surface. In severe cases, it affects the breathing and swimming of the sick fish.

2. Can we eat fish that have spore diseases?

Can

People with rhinosporidiosis can eat fish. There are no special dietary restrictions. You can eat any food that helps improve immunity. There is no problem.

Fish spore diasis (same as myxospore diasis, the same below) is a fish disease with a very high incidence in recent years, causing great economic losses to aquaculture production.

There are many species of myxosporeans that harm fish. The worms are relatively small and produce spores during their development. Moreover, myxosporeans parasitize a wide range of organisms, infecting almost every type of fish and various organs. Even several types of myxosporeans may parasitize the same organ of the same fish.

Myxosporeans often cause serious epidemics in fish. In North America, Europe and Japan, there is a salmon and trout spinning disease, which is caused by myxosporeans and causes a large number of salmon and trout deaths. In various fish farming areas in China, there is also a silver carp madness disease similar to salmon and trout spinning disease (the sick fish are thin, their tails are upturned, they spin up and down, and soon die).

3. Spore killer?

Copper Sulfate

1. The ability of copper sulfate to kill pathogens varies with the changes in the water environment. If the water quality is rich and the water temperature is low, the dosage can be appropriately increased, otherwise, the dosage can be reduced. At the same time, do not apply the medicine in the morning when fish float to the surface and the water temperature is high in the morning. It is best to use it between 16:00 and 18:00 in the afternoon.

2. The safe concentration range of copper sulfate is relatively small. When copper sulfate is actually used, the appropriate concentration should be selected according to different aquaculture species. Generally, copper sulfate with a concentration of 0.5×10-6-0.7×10-6 is sprayed throughout the pond or copper sulfate with a concentration of 8×10-6 is used for immersion for 20-30 minutes.

3. Copper sulfate is often used in a mixture with ferrous sulfate in a ratio of 5:2. Ferrous sulfate is mainly used to remove fixatives, clearing obstacles for copper sulfate to kill parasites.

4. The water temperature for dissolving copper sulfate should not exceed 60℃, otherwise the solution will easily become ineffective.

4. How to eliminate sporozoites?

With copper sulfate

1. The ability of copper sulfate to kill pathogens varies with the changes in the water environment. If the water quality is rich and the water temperature is low, the dosage can be appropriately increased, otherwise, the dosage can be reduced. At the same time, do not apply the medicine in the morning when fish float to the surface and the water temperature is high in the morning. It is best to use it between 16:00 and 18:00 in the afternoon.

2. The safe concentration range of copper sulfate is relatively small. When copper sulfate is actually used, the appropriate concentration should be selected according to different aquaculture species. Generally, copper sulfate with a concentration of 0.5×10-6-0.7×10-6 is sprayed throughout the pond or copper sulfate with a concentration of 8×10-6 is used for immersion for 20-30 minutes.

3. Copper sulfate is often used in a mixture with ferrous sulfate in a ratio of 5:2. Ferrous sulfate is mainly used to remove fixatives, clearing obstacles for copper sulfate to kill parasites.

4. The water temperature for dissolving copper sulfate should not exceed 60℃, otherwise the solution will easily become ineffective.

5. Some parasites (protozoa and sporozoans that form cysts on the bodies of aquatic animals) cannot be treated with copper sulfate. For example, Ichthyophthirius punctatus disease is not only ineffective, but will cause Ichthyophthirius punctatus to form cysts and reproduce in large numbers, aggravating the disease.

6. Copper sulfate aqueous solution is corrosive to metals. When dissolving or spraying drugs, do not use metal utensils. Use plastic, wood, ceramic, or glass utensils instead.

5. How long does it take for a sporozoite outbreak to occur?

July to September

Sporozoites can occur from May to October, but outbreaks usually occur from July to September.

Sporozoite outbreaks are mainly caused by:

1. The seedlings themselves carry sporozoans;

2. The pond is not cleaned thoroughly, and the water quality and bottom quality are poor;

3. During the breeding process, attention was not paid to protecting the liver and gallbladder and strengthening the physique of the fish;

4. Failure to prevent spore parasites in advance, use of cheap drugs or inadequate use of drugs;

6. How to detect sporozoa?

Most of the time, a preliminary diagnosis of sporozoa can be made with the naked eye based on the large size of the spores on the fish body. If further confirmation is required on which type of sporozoa is causing the disease, observation under a microscope is required.

When debugging, start with 400 times observation and finally adjust to high magnification. Make judgments and distinctions based on polar capsules, polar filaments, and iodine bubbles. Sometimes the cysts of spore cysts are very small. Larger ones appear as milky white cysts the size of millet on the body surface and fins, or parasitize in the muscles, causing the fish's body surface to be uneven, or with tumor-like protrusions, or parasitize in the muscle fibers, the skull, and the spine. The latter is more difficult to judge, and can be judged by combining whether the fish swims abnormally in the water and whether it is emaciated.

7. Where do aquatic sporozoans come from?

Hello, sporozoans generally exist in aquatic growth environments and infect aquatic fish and shrimp. You can buy corresponding control drugs and use them in appropriate dosages to prevent and control the pests.

8. Fish with the character "虫" (insect) next to it?

The characters with the character "鱼" (fish) and "虫" (insect) (insect) radicals originally refer to fish and insects, such as catfish, salmon, whale, mandarin fish, grass carp, carp, silver carp, porgy, crocodile, eel, ray, perch, Spanish mackerel, while insects with the character "虫" (insect) radical include butterflies, dragonflies, snails, ants, grasshoppers, leeches, bats, mole crickets, crickets, silkworm pupae, katydids, centipedes, earthworms, cockroaches, roundworms, etc.

9. What are sporozoans most afraid of?

The most afraid of copper sulfate

1. The ability of copper sulfate to kill pathogens varies with the changes in the water environment. If the water quality is rich and the water temperature is low, the dosage can be appropriately increased, otherwise, the dosage can be reduced. At the same time, do not apply the medicine in the morning when fish float to the surface and the water temperature is high in the morning. It is best to use it between 16:00 and 18:00 in the afternoon.

2. The safe concentration range of copper sulfate is relatively small. When copper sulfate is actually used, the appropriate concentration should be selected according to different aquaculture species. Generally, copper sulfate with a concentration of 0.5×10-6-0.7×10-6 is sprayed throughout the pond or copper sulfate with a concentration of 8×10-6 is used for immersion for 20-30 minutes.

3. Copper sulfate is often used in a mixture with ferrous sulfate in a ratio of 5:2. Ferrous sulfate is mainly used to remove fixatives, clearing obstacles for copper sulfate to kill parasites.

4. The water temperature for dissolving copper sulfate should not exceed 60℃, otherwise the solution will easily become ineffective.

5. Some parasites (protozoa and sporozoans that form cysts on the bodies of aquatic animals) cannot be treated with copper sulfate. For example, Ichthyophthirius punctatus disease is not only ineffective, but will cause Ichthyophthirius punctatus to form cysts and reproduce in large numbers, aggravating the disease.

6. Copper sulfate aqueous solution is corrosive to metals. When dissolving or spraying drugs, do not use metal utensils. Use plastic, wood, ceramic, or glass utensils instead.

10. How to kill ichthyospores?

First, thoroughly clean the pond with quicklime to inhibit the proliferation of spores and reduce the occurrence of the disease. Secondly, fish with spore diasis have a disordered mechanism in the body, poor appetite, damaged skin or gill tissue, and are infected and rotten by bacteria, which hinders the respiratory function of the gill tissue and eventually kills the diseased fish. Finally, spore diasis has become a major obstacle to fish farming, so prevention is the priority.