CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to prevent and control common diseases of forest frogs?

The breeding of forest frogs requires flexible use of breeding techniques, and the breeding technology is relatively high. Therefore, when raising forest frogs, you must work hard on the usual breeding management methods and techniques. In addition, there is another key, which is to do a good job in disease prevention and control. The following is a detailed introduction to several common diseases and pests in forest frog breeding and their prevention and control.

1. Red Leg Disease

This disease is a common disease of tadpoles, young frogs and adult frogs, and is also known as septicemia. Its pathogen is Aeromonas hydrophila.

Gram-positive and negative bacteria such as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and non-acid-producing bacteria. This disease can occur all year round, with a faster infection rate and a high mortality rate. The main reasons for this disease are unclean water surface, excessive breeding density, and trauma to the frog body.

1. Symptoms: The affected individuals are generally listless, have weakened ability to move, often hide in water, and are unwilling to live.

The patient did not move, did not eat, had a swollen abdominal cavity, and bloody mucus at the mouth and anus. In the early stage of the disease, the toes of the hind legs were swollen and had blood spots, which quickly spread to all the hind legs. The autopsy showed that there was a lot of ascites in the abdomen, the liver, spleen, and kidneys were swollen and had blood spots, and the stomach and intestines were hematoma and had mucus.

2. Prevention and control methods: Change the water in the fish tank regularly, maintain the water quality, effectively control the stocking density, feed regularly and quantitatively, and isolate and treat the sick individuals in time to prevent the spread; soak the sick frogs in 3% salt for 20 minutes, and disinfect the whole pond with chloramphenicol, with the water concentration reaching 10X10-6, once a day, and continue disinfection for three days. Add sulfadiazine to the bait, add 1-2 grams per kilogram of bait, and continue feeding for three days.

2. Skin fungus disease

1. Cause and symptoms: The pathogen is Saprolegnia, which mainly parasitizes on the damaged parts of the tadpole's epidermal skin. The pathogen invades through the skin wounds and gradually penetrates into the muscles. At the same time, the hyphae of the pathogen grow into cotton-like fungi visible to the adult eye, and slowly spread from the wound to the surrounding areas, causing the tadpoles to move slowly, have difficulty in feeding, and eventually die.

2. Prevention and control methods: Wipe with 10% gentian violet.

3. Bubble Disease

This disease is a common disease of tadpoles. If treated promptly, it is easy to recover. If not treated promptly, it will lead to mass deaths. The main cause of the disease is that the phytoplankton in the water produces a large amount of O2 through photosynthesis under strong sunlight conditions, causing the dissolved O2 in the water to be oversaturated. The tadpoles swallow a large number of bubbles during the mobile feeding process.

1. Symptoms: The intestines of tadpoles with this disease are filled with gas, their bodies swell, and they swim on their backs on the surface of the water. In severe cases, the bubbles in their bodies block their normal blood circulation and the tadpoles die quickly. Autopsy shows intestinal hematoma.

2. Prevention and treatment methods: observe the water in the tadpole pool frequently, and add tap water frequently to prevent too many plants from growing in the water; isolate the individual immediately after the disease, place it in cold water for 1-2 days, and do not feed it with granular feed, so that the body gas pressure gradually balances, so that the bubbles disappear. Then feed a little boiled fermented corn flour, and it will be cured in a few days. You can also add salt to the pool for treatment, usually 15 grams of salt per cubic meter of water.

4. Trichodiniasis

1. Symptoms: After being parasitized by a large number of wheelworms, tadpoles have poor appetite, poor breathing, often swing independently, and move slowly. If not treated in time, many will die. It often occurs in high-density ponds.

2. Prevention and control methods: Reduce the relative density of breeding and expand the space for tadpoles to move around to prevent the disease. In the early stage of the disease, you can use sodium thiosulfate and aluminum sulfate mixture to spray the whole pond, with 0.5 grams of sodium thiosulfate and 0.2 grams of aluminum sulfate per cubic meter of water.

5. Skin rot

When the disease first occurs, the skin on the top of the frog's head becomes dull and has white lines, then the epidermis falls off, exposing the dorsal muscles, which later spread to the entire body and back. Granular protrusions appear in the pupils of the eyes, gradually turning gray-black, and then the entire eye turns white. The frog likes to hide in dark places and often scratches the affected area, causing bleeding.

Prevention and control methods: This disease is mainly caused by long-term feeding of a single bait and lack of vitamins. Therefore, the bait should be diversified; a variety of nutrients should be added to the bait in moderation to ensure the supply of vitamins.

6. Colitis

This disease can occur in tadpoles, young frogs, and adult frogs. It is highly infectious and has a high mortality rate. The disease is more likely to occur when feeding unclean bait. The pathogen is bacteria. If the maggots fed are not disinfected and sterilized properly, it is very easy to cause this disease.

1. Symptoms: Sick frogs usually bow their heads and arch their backs, become thin, show abnormal movements, eat less, and have slow thinking. Tadpoles often float on the surface of the river after becoming ill.

2. Prevention and control methods: Change the water in the fish tank on time to keep the water fresh; do not feed moldy or mildewed bait, and keep it moderate.

Add garlic, ginger slices, berberine, etc. to the bait; analyze and feed the bait on time, quantitatively, and in designated quantities to avoid the disease caused by overeating.

7. Fungal diseases

1. Causes of the disease: The external temperature is low, the temperature is not enough, there is a lack of sunlight, the water surface is not clean, and the relative density of frog eggs is too high, which causes the aflatoxin to multiply.

2. Symptoms: Gray fungi appear around the egg masses of the forest frog, which seriously harms the hatching and survival of the frog eggs and seriously reduces the reproduction rate.

3. Prevention and control methods: (1) Maintain daily cleaning of the egg-laying pool and incubation pool to avoid environmental pollution by Aspergillus flavus. Disinfect and sterilize polluted water with quicklime powder or potassium permanganate solution.

(2) The entire process of transporting frog eggs should be shortened as much as possible, and the relative density should be small when collecting and storing them.

(3) During the egg incubation period, especially in the early stage, sufficient sunlight should be provided. If it rains, place the eggs in a sink or use a white light to directly illuminate the eggs in the room.

You should choose some varieties that are easier to keep in advance, and make sure to ensure the quality of the water. You should change the water regularly. You can also add some tap water or some green plants. If any disease occurs, you should isolate it immediately and treat it with edible salt.

First of all, if you encounter red leg disease, you need to change the water in the tank twice, and then soak the sick frogs with salt. And you must continue to disinfect, so that it can be cured.

The second is that if you encounter skin fungus, you need to apply gentian violet.

The third one is bubble disease. In this case, you should remove all the green plants in the water, and then sprinkle some salt into the water. It will be cured in a few days.

The fourth is that if you have colitis, the treatment method is to add some garlic and coptis chinensis to the feed, and then feed it regularly, which can effectively prevent and treat it.

There are still many diseases that are often seen, so you must change the water during treatment, and choose suitable feed according to its body. Moreover, when the disease occurs, it needs to be isolated so that it will not spread to other frogs. If the disease is more serious, it also needs to be sprayed with medicine.

1. Biological control methods, 2. Control through drugs, 3. Control through varieties, 4. Control through the environment, 5. Preventive measures can be taken based on daily living habits.