CATDOLL : CATDOLL: a thin and long freshwater fish

Long and thin freshwater fish

Thin and long freshwater fish. There are many animals in our lives, and some animals can be eaten by us, and there are also many animals that cannot be eaten. However, we should not act rashly without knowing them, because they may be protected animals. The following is about thin and long freshwater fish.

Leuciscusleuciscus is a long, thin freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae. It is widely distributed in rivers in Europe and Russia. It can grow up to 30 cm long and has a slender body. Its back is olive green and its belly is silvery white. It feeds on aquatic invertebrates and plants, including flying insects on the water surface. It is closely related to the chub and orfe.

Leuciscus

Osteichthyes

Actinopterygii

Cypriniformes

Catostomidae

Leuciscus

A genus of bony fishes in the family Catostomidae, order Cypriniformes, class Osteichthyes.

Paleontology

Leuciscus

Order: Cypriniformes;

Family: Cyprinidae;

Common name: Yale fish;

Era: Oligocene-Holocene;

Distribution: North America, Asia, Africa.

Origin: The dace live in freshwater streams and lakes.

Morphological characteristics

Leuciscus, body flattened laterally, relatively high, with rounded abdomen, no ventral ridges, and slightly raised back; head relatively short; mouth terminal or slightly inferior, no keratinous edges on upper and lower jaws; no whiskers; large eyes; 2 rows of hypopharyngeal teeth, the inner row is columnar, the outer row is flattened laterally, with slightly curved ends and hooked; lateral line complete. Scales are medium or small. Dorsal fin starts slightly above the origin of pelvic fins.

It has a small, expandable body, small fins, relatively large scales and a forked tail. It has no jaws and is a strictly herbivorous animal. The front vertebrae and ribs (called Weberian ossicles) are mobile, which enhances sensitivity to high-frequency sounds by transmitting vibrations from the swim bladder to the inner bones. When injured, modern species of the dace release an infectious noxious molecule. This causes other fish to swim away and dive to the bottom of the water out of fear.

Thin and long freshwater fish 2 1. Chinese sturgeon: Acipenseridae

English Name: Acipenser sinensis Gray

Common name: sturgeon, larvae

The bony plates on the back of the head are smooth. The bony plates before the dorsal fin are generally 12 to 14. The skin between the bony plates of the juvenile is smooth, while it is rougher in the adult. The skin of the head is covered with plum-shaped sensory organs called pits. There are 14 to 28 gill rakers. It is a migratory fish that lives in large rivers and the bottom of the near sea. In autumn, it goes upstream to the upper reaches of rivers with fast currents and gravel bottoms to breed. The spawning period is from early October to early November. The eggs are sticky.

Generally, mature male fish weigh more than 80 catties, and female fish weigh more than 240 catties. Parent sturgeons basically stop eating during the reproductive period. Juvenile sturgeons mainly feed on various benthic animals, while adult fish feed on insect larvae, diatoms and humus.

It is a large, fast-growing fish. Sichuan fishermen have a proverb that "a thousand catties of Lazi is worth ten thousand catties of Xiang". Lazi refers to the Chinese sturgeon. The fish roe can be processed into caviar, which is a delicacy; the swim bladder and spinal cord can be made into fish glue. It is distributed in coastal areas south of the west coast of the Korean Peninsula and major rivers, with the Yangtze River producing the most.

2. Yangtze sturgeon: Acipenseridae

English Name: Acipenser dabryanus Dumeril

Common name: sturgeon, salazi

The skin between the rows of bony plates is covered with fine granular protrusions and is extremely rough. The back of the head has obvious small spines in the larvae. There are 10 to 12 bony plates in front of the dorsal fin. There are 33 to 54 gill rakers. It is a freshwater sedentary fish that lives in the streams with fast currents and rocky riverbeds in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

The main food is benthic invertebrates. When the female fish reaches adulthood, it weighs about 20 kilograms, and the male fish weighs about 10 kilograms. The fish eggs can be added to make caviar, and the swim bladder and notochord can be used to make fish glue. It is distributed in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Artificial hatcheries can be established in the upper reaches to cultivate young fish and release them, and they can also be used as stocking objects in large reservoirs.

3. White sturgeon: White sturgeon family

English Name: Psephurus gladius (Martens)

Common name: elephant fish, sturgeon

The head is very long, accounting for 1/3 of the body length, and about 1/2 of the body length in small individuals. It is covered with plum-shaped sensory organs, a pit. The snout is extended and sword-shaped, with a pair of short whiskers on the ventral surface. The eyes are very small. The mouth is large, inferior, arc-shaped, and both the upper and lower jaws have fine teeth. The gill openings are large. The rear edge of the gill membrane is sharp. The body surface is smooth and scaleless.

It lives in the middle and lower layers of rivers and sometimes enters large lakes. It swims vigorously and is ferocious. It mainly feeds on fish, but also shrimps and crabs. It spawns in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in spring. It is a famous rare fish, unique to my country and of great academic significance. It grows quickly and is very large. The "elephant" in "a thousand catties of waxfish and ten thousand catties of elephant" refers to the white sturgeon. Some have been recorded as being up to 7 meters long. It is distributed in the Yangtze River and Qiantang River.

4. Shad: Herringidae

English name: Hilsa reevesii (richardson)

Common name: Sanli fish, Sanlai fish

The body is flattened laterally, with sharp ridges on the ventral margin, arranged in a serrated shape. The mouth is large and terminal, with a notch in the middle of the upper jaw. The scales are large and thin, without a lateral line. It is a migratory fish that grows in the sea. It migrates upstream from April to June every year for reproduction, and lays eggs in June and July. The eggs are floating. After spawning, the parents return to the sea, and the young enter the tributaries or lakes for fattening, feeding on plankton. It enters the sea in September and October. The individual is large, with fine meat and thick fat, and is a top-quality fish, and has long enjoyed a high reputation. It is produced in various rivers south of the Yangtze River.

5. Short-jawed Coilia: Family

English name: Coilia brachygnathus Kreyenberg et Pappenheim

Common name: hairtail, knife fish

The body is long and flattened laterally, the maxilla does not extend beyond the rear edge of the gill cover, and there is no lateral line; there are 68 to 77 vertical scales, the chest and abdomen have ridged scales, and there are 6 free filamentous fin rays above the pectoral knot; the base of the anal fin is very long and connected to the caudal fin. It is a pure freshwater species, living in the middle and lower reaches of rivers and lakes, and eating aquatic invertebrates. The reproductive season is from mid-May to mid-June. The meat is delicious and is one of the fish that people like to eat. It is distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its affiliated waters.

6. Coilia scaly

English name: Coilia ectenes Jordan et Seal

Common name: knife fish, hairtail

The body is extremely flat and thin. The maxilla extends backward to the base of the pectoral fin. There is no lateral line, and the scales are 74 to 83 in a row. The chest and abdomen have ridged scales. The first 6 rays of the pectoral fin are free and filamentous. The base of the anal fin is extremely long and connected to the base of the caudal fin. It is a migratory fish, and it migrates from the sea to rivers for reproduction in spring and summer. It lays eggs in the slow-flowing areas of main streams, tributaries or lakes.

The eggs contain oil balls and float in the upper layer of the water to hatch and develop after fertilization. The young fish feed on zooplankton and are fattened until they return to the sea in autumn or the following year. Adult fish feed on small fish and shrimp. It is a small fish, but it is the largest among its genus, with the largest reaching 40 cm. It weighs 280 grams. It is one of the main economic fish in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its affiliated waters.

7. Silverfish: Silverfish family

English Name: Heemisalanx prognathus Regan

Common name: noodle fish, noodle fish

The body is slender and about 11 times the height of the body. There is a fleshy stalk at the suture of the lower jaw. There are no teeth on the tongue. There are 8 to 9 pectoral fin rays. The body is transparent. It is a migratory fish, migrating from the sea to the brackish water of the river estuary to spawn in March and April. The parent fish dies after spawning. It lives in the upper layer of the water body. Although the individuals are small, they are large in number during the reproductive migration, forming a fish swarm. It tastes quite delicious and is deeply loved by the people. It is distributed in the brackish and fresh water areas of the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and the river estuaries.

8. Silverfish: Silverfish family

English name: Protosalanx hyalocranius (Abbott)

Common name: silver fish. In Taizhou area, it is called: big silver fish

The body is slender. The head is flat above and below. The snout is pointed and slightly triangular. It has tongue teeth. The distance from the starting point of the dorsal fin to the base of the tail fin is greater than the distance to the base of the pectoral fin. The body is transparent. It is found in seawater and freshwater, and generally moves in water bodies. It lays eggs in the upper layer in the wide water surface of rivers and lakes, and the reproductive season is from January to March. The individual is small, and the common individual is about 150 mm long. The main food is small shrimps and small fish. It is distributed in the coastal areas of my country and the middle and lower reaches of rivers and affiliated lakes.

9. Taihu shortnose silverfish: Silverfish family

English name: Neosalanx tangkehkeii taihuensis Chen

Common name: small silver fish. In Taizhou area, it is called: silver fish

The body is slender, and the head is flat. The snout is blunt and arc-shaped. There are no tongue teeth. The distance from the starting point of the dorsal fin to the base of the caudal fin is shorter than the distance to the base of the pectoral fin. The body is transparent. It is a pure freshwater species and lives in the upper and middle layers of the water body. It feeds on zooplankton. The breeding season is from March to July, and it lays eggs in the weedy areas near the lake. The individual is small, the reproductive capacity is strong, and the number is large. It tastes delicious and is sold well both at home and abroad after being processed and frozen, or dried. It is distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its affiliated lakes.

10. Eel: Anguilla

English name: Anguilla japonica Temminck et Schlegel

Common name: white eel, eel. In Taizhou area, it is called hair fish

Long, cylindrical body, slightly flattened tail. Fine teeth on upper and lower jaws. Very small scales, buried under the skin. Dorsal and anal fins low, long base, connected to the caudal fin at the rear. Small, rounded pectoral fins. Pelvic fins missing. No spots on body. Downstream migratory fish. Spawns in the sea.

The fry are transparent leaf eels. In spring, when the fry develop into young eels, they swim in groups to rivers and brood in tributaries or lakes. When they mature, they swim down rivers and swim to the sea to reproduce. They mainly feed on small fish, crabs, shrimps and aquatic insects. They are usually active at night. They grow rapidly, have tender and fatty meat and are rich in nutrition. Artificial breeding has been carried out.

Farmed. Distributed in rivers along the western Pacific coast.

Thin and long freshwater fish 3 10th place: Myrmecophaga

English name: MyxocyprinuS asiaticus (Bleeker)

Common name: yellow bream, fire-roasted bream

The body shape changes with growth. It is tall when young and long when adult. The lips are thick, and both the upper and lower lips have nipple-like protrusions. There are many rows of hypopharyngeal teeth in a comb shape. There are many dorsal fin rays, which extend to the upper back of the anal fin. The anal fin and caudal fin of mature male fish have pearl stars. The body color also changes with growth. There are three dark brown horizontal stripes on the sides of the body of young fish. When they are slightly older, the body color is gray-brown with red-purple color halo. The body color of adult fish is pink or slightly blue-purple, and there is a wide scarlet stripe from the tip of the snout to the base of the caudal fin.

It lives in the middle and lower layers of water bodies. It mainly feeds on bottom-dwelling invertebrates and organic debris. It lays eggs on the rapids and rocky beaches in the upper reaches of rivers from March to April. It mostly lives in the upper reaches, and juveniles and immature individuals are also found in the middle and lower reaches of rivers and lakes. It is large and grows quickly, and can grow to more than 60 kilograms. It is a large economic fish. It is also the only species of the family Myna distributed in the Asian continent. It has important academic value and should be protected. It is distributed in the Yangtze River and Minjiang River systems.

9. Chinese sand loach: Cobitidae

English Name: Botia (Sinibotia) superciliaris Gunther

Common name: Steel loach

The snout is long and pointed. There are three pairs of whiskers. There is a pair of button-like protrusions under the chin. The spines under the eyes are forked, and the tip is beyond the posterior edge of the eyes. The cheeks are scaleless. The tip of the pelvic fin does not reach the anus. The anus is close to the starting point of the anal fin. The caudal peduncle is low. Small fish. It lives in the slow water area of ​​the river section with gravel bottom and often moves on the bottom. Distributed in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

8. Parasand loach: Cobitidae

English name: Parabotia fasciata Dabry

There is no button-like protrusion under the chin. There are 3 pairs of whiskers, and the whiskers at the corners of the mouth are longer. The spines under the eyes are forked, and the end reaches the middle of the eyeball. The cheeks are covered with fine scales. The end of the pelvic fin is far away from the anus. The anus is located in the front 3/5 between the base of the pelvic fin and the starting point of the anal fin. It lives on the bottom of rivers with sandy and gravel bottoms. It feeds on aquatic insects and algae. It is small. It is widely distributed in rivers from the Heilongjiang River in the north to the Pearl River in the south.

7. Wuchang sand loach: Cobitidae

English name: Parabotia banarescui (Nalbant)

There is no button-like protrusion under the chin. There are 3 pairs of whiskers, and the whiskers at the corners of the mouth are short. The spines under the eyes are forked. The cheeks are covered with fine scales. The tip of the pelvic fin extends back to reach or exceed the anus. The anus is located in front of the midpoint between the base of the pelvic fin and the origin of the anal fin. Small fish. Lives on the bottom of rivers and lakes. Distributed in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

6. Lijiang Parasand Loach: Cobitidae

English name: Parabotia lijiangensis Chen

Snout length equal to head length behind eyes. Eye diameter equal to or less than eye distance. Subocular spines forked, tip reaches or slightly exceeds eye center. No protrusion on jaw. 3 pairs of whiskers; whiskers at mouth corners slightly shorter than eye diameter. Cheeks with scales. Pelvic fin tip reaches anus. Caudal peduncle is high. Small fish. Lives on river bottom. Distributed in the upper reaches of Lijiang River and Xiangjiang River.

Fifth place: Long thin loach: Cobitidae

English name: Leptobotia elongata (Bleeker)

Common name: flower fish, spotted loach

The body is long and flattened laterally. The head is long and pointed. There is no button-like protrusion under the chin. There are 3 pairs of whiskers. The eyes are very small. The spines under the eyes are not forked. There are 5 to 8 vertical stripes or irregular stripes on the sides of the body. It lives on the bottom of rivers and streams. It is ferocious and mainly feeds on small fish. It is the largest species of fish in the family Cobitidae. It can grow up to 5 to 6 kilograms and has fishing value. It is distributed in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

Fourth place: Purple loach: Cobitidae

English name: Leptobotia taeniaps (Sauvage)

There is no button-like protrusion under the chin. There are 3 pairs of whiskers. The eyes are very small, and the ratio of the distance between the eyes to the diameter of the eyes is greater than 2.5 times. The spines under the eyes are not bifurcated. There are worm-shaped patterns on the sides of the body. The individuals are small and the number is not large. Distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its affiliated water bodies.

Third place: Red-lipped loach: Cobitidae

English name: Leptobotia rubrilaris (Dabry)

There is a pair of button-like protrusions under the chin. There are 3 pairs of whiskers. The spines under the eyes are not forked. The end of the pelvic fin exceeds the anus. The body color varies greatly, with irregular spots all over the body, or only the back has spots, or the whole body has no spots and is brown. It lives on the bottom of rivers. The individual is not large. It is a common fish in the main and tributary rivers of the upper Yangtze River.

Second place: Hengyang Loach: Cobitidae

English name: Leptobotia hengyangensis Huang et Zhang

Common name: Flower loach

There is no button-like protrusion under the chin. There are 3 pairs of whiskers. The starting point of the dorsal fin is approximately at the midpoint between the tip of the snout and the last scale. There are 7 to 8 large black spots on the back from the tip of the snout to the end of the caudal peduncle. The anus is located at the midpoint between the pelvic fin and the anal fin, and the end of the pelvic fin exceeds the anus. It is a small bottom-dwelling fish with a small number. It is distributed in the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang River.

First place: Short-bodied loach: Cobitidae

English Name: Nemachilus potaneni Gunther

The body is cylindrical, and the tail is flattened laterally. The epithelial folds on the caudal peduncle are well developed. The height of the caudal peduncle is slightly greater than or equal to the length of the caudal peduncle. The head width is much greater than the head height, and the upper and lower jaws are horny. There are 3 pairs of whiskers and no subocular spines. The origin of the dorsal fin is located in the middle of the body. The caudal fin is truncated. The anus is close to the origin of the anal fin. It lives in shallow water in rivers and streams with rocky bottoms. The individual is small, and the body length is usually less than 100 mm. It is distributed in various tributaries of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.