CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What is the name of the yellow fish?

What is the name of the yellow fish?

The yellow fish is called Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

Yellow catfish, Siluriformes, family Pelteobagrus. Also known as yellow lacryma, galaxydid, yellow fin fish, and yellow thornbone, it is widely distributed in the Pacific waters east of China. It lives in shallows with still water or slow currents, hiding during the day and coming out at night. It is 123-143mm long and is omnivorous. Its main food is benthic invertebrates, mostly small fish, aquatic insects and other small aquatic animals. It lays eggs in April and May, and the parents have the habit of digging pits to build nests and protect their offspring.

Feeding habits

The yellow catfish is omnivorous and mainly feeds on animal feed under natural conditions. The fry stage feeds on zooplankton, while the adult fish feeds on insects and their larvae, small fish and shrimp, snails and clams, and also eats plant debris. In March and October, the yellow catfish also eats a large number of fertilized eggs of carp and crucian carp.

The diet of yellow catfish is quite wide, and the composition of its food varies under different environmental conditions. According to the analysis of the food in the stomach and intestine of 101 yellow catfish, the food types include young fish, fish eggs, shrimps, aquatic insects, snails, aquatic plants, etc., among which shrimps appear most frequently.

The common yellow freshwater fish is the yellow catfish. Among the common freshwater fish native to China, the flesh of the bream and the bream is also yellow. The bream is mainly produced in the Jinsha River Basin and the Lancang River System in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the bream is basically produced throughout the country except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

In addition, the meat of the introduced rainbow trout and golden trout, as well as the Chinese native Taimen, Smolt, Whitefish and other cold-water fish of the Salmonidae or Whitefish family are also orange-yellow or orange.

Yellow catfish

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (benthic freshwater fish), commonly known as Ga Ya Zi, Huang Gu Zi, Huang La Ding, Huang Gu Yu, etc., is a freshwater economic aquaculture species that has developed rapidly in recent years in my country. There are 4 pairs of whiskers; the upper jaw whiskers are long, and the end reaches or exceeds the base of the pectoral fin. The body is scaleless. The rear edge of the dorsal fin spine is serrated. The pectoral fin spine is longer than the dorsal fin spine, and the front and rear edges are serrated. The adipose fin is short. The anal fin rays are 21-25. The caudal fin is forked, and the nose whiskers are half white and the other half black.

Yellow catfish lives in still water or slow-flowing shallows. It lurks at the bottom of the water during the day and moves at night. It is omnivorous and mainly feeds on bottom-dwelling invertebrates. Mature male fish have reproductive processes behind the anus. They lay eggs in April-May. Parents have the habit of digging pits to build nests and protecting their offspring. It is widely distributed, has a large yield, tender meat, few bones, and high fat. The largest is about 750 grams. It is a common edible fish.

Yellow catfish is distributed in major freshwater bodies across the country, especially in rivers and lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Its meat is tender and has no intramuscular spines. It tastes delicious, is rich in nutrients, and has nourishing effects and medicinal value.

What did fish evolve from?

Fish

fish

A cold-blooded vertebrate that lives in water all its life, breathes with gills, and uses fins to assist in body balance and movement. There are about 2,000 species that have been discovered, and it is the most primitive and lowest group in the subphylum of vertebrates. Fish meat is rich in animal protein and phosphorus, nutritious, delicious, and easily digested and absorbed by the human body, which plays a significant role in the development of human physical and intellectual strength. Other parts of the fish can be made into cod liver oil, fish glue, fish meal, etc. Some fish, such as goldfish and tropical fish, have various shapes and bright colors, and have high ornamental value. Fishing is a sport that is beneficial to physical and mental health and is loved by people all over the world. In addition, some fish, such as mosquito fish, are beneficial to human health in eliminating infectious agents such as malaria and yellow fever.

Fish are generally divided into two categories: jawless and jawed.

The spine of jawless fish is cylindrical and exists for life. They have no upper and lower jaws. The gills originated from the endoderm and are sac-shaped, so they are also called sac branchial fish. They have a well-developed brain, generally with 10 pairs of cranial nerves. They have paired visual and auditory organs. The inner ear has 1 or 2 semicircular canals. They have a heart and red blood. The epidermis is composed of multiple layers of cells. The paired fins are not fully developed, and some ancient bony armored fish have pectoral fins. There are different classifications of jawless fish, which are generally divided into: Hagfish, Cephalopoda, Lamprey, and Pinnipeda.

Jawed fishes have upper and lower jaws. Most have pectoral and pelvic fins; the internal skeleton is well developed, the notochord of adults is degenerate, with a vertebrae, and rarely with a bony exoskeleton. The inner ear has three semicircular canals. The gills are formed by ectodermal tissue. It is composed of Placoderms, Chondrichthyes, Acanthidae and Osteichthyes. Among them, Placoderms and Acanthidae have only fossil species. Distributed all over the world, they mainly live in low-latitude seas, and some species live in fresh water. The existing species belong to the subclasses of Elasmobranchs and Holocephalides. There are about 600 species of Elasmobranchs, about 180 species in China, most of which are in the South China Sea. Holocephalides have 3 families, 6 genera and about 30 species, and about 2 families, 3 genera and about 5 species in China. The internal skeleton of Osteichthyes is ossified, with sutures, the head is often covered with membrane bones, and the body is covered with hard scales or bony scales. It is the most prosperous branch of living fishes, which can be divided into 3 subclasses: Crossopterygii, Lungfish and Actinopterygii. The ray-finned fishes are the most numerous. Among them, the Perciformes has the most species. Except for the Cypriniformes, which are distributed in freshwater and the Salmoniformes, which are mostly anadromous fishes, the other orders are mainly distributed in the ocean. In the current world fishery production, the output of the Herringiformes and Gaddiformes is the highest, followed by the cod. The output of the two is close to half of the total world fishery output that year. There are more than 2,000 species of bony fish in China's coastal waters, and more than 700 species of freshwater bony fish.

Fish body structure and life activities Although fish are the lowest vertebrates, they have complete organ systems such as bones, muscles, digestion, circulation, respiration, excretion, reproduction, and nerve sensation, and can carry out extremely diverse life activities. In addition to being related to system development, their morphological structure also reflects their adaptability to the aquatic environment.

External morphology and movement The adaptability of fish body shape to its living environment is mainly manifested in the following aspects: fish living in the upper layer of water are generally spindle-shaped, fish living on the seabed are flat, coral reef fish are mostly laterally flattened, and those living in the water are cylindrical. Some fish living in seaweed have a mimicry body shape, and tuna has a torpedo-shaped body shape, which is suitable for fast swimming. The movement of fish mainly relies on the alternating contraction of muscles arranged in segments on both sides of the body, so that the body and tail fin swing left and right to move forward, and the other fins play a role in balance and steering. After metamorphosis, the fins of some fish also have the functions of attack, self-defense, feeding, reproduction, vocalization, crawling, gliding, jumping, climbing, breathing, etc. The swim bladder can adjust the specific gravity of the fish body and help it float and sink.

Skin, scales and body color The skin of fish consists of two parts: the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis is composed of several layers of living cells, with mucus cells distributed between them to reduce friction and protect the body. Pearl stars are the product of local epidermal cell keratinization and are related to reproductive activities. The poison glands and light organs of a few fish are derivatives of the epidermis.

Fish scales are divided into shield scales, hard scales and bony scales. The scales of cartilaginous fish are called shield scales. Hard scales and bony scales are usually produced from the dermis. Bone scales are arranged in a shingle-like manner to facilitate movement and protect the fish body. The scales of many fast-swimming and lurking fish often degenerate or disappear.

The body color of fish is usually darker on the back and lighter on the belly, which is a protective color adapted to the environment. However, fish living in coral reefs often have bright colors and patterns, which are generally divided into two types: protective color and warning color.

Skeleton and muscle Fish have well-developed axial and appendicular skeletons, which play an important role in protecting the central nervous system, sensory organs and internal organs, supporting body drive and the activities of the whole body. The axial skeleton is composed of the skull (thoracic skull and pharyngeal skull) and the spine. The pharyngeal skull is a group of bones surrounding the front end of the digestive tract, used to support the mouth and gills. The spine is composed of many vertebrae.

The smooth muscle and cardiac muscle of fish are not much different from those of higher animals, but the striated muscle is clearly segmented, divided into body segment muscle and branchial segment muscle. The trunk muscle is arranged in segments and is arched.

The feeding and digestion of fish are usually divided into four types: filter feeders, such as silver carp, bighead carp, sardines, etc. that feed on plankton; herbivores, such as grass carp; carnivores, such as black carp, pike, snakehead, hairtail, black carp, etc.; omnivores, such as carp.

The digestive organs of fish are divided into several parts, including the mouth, oropharynx, esophagus, bones, intestines, rectum, anus, etc. The digestion of fish food is not only related to the contraction of the gastrointestinal tract, but also affected by external factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, food intake, and the physical and chemical properties of food.

Circulation, respiration and excretion The heart of fish is generally composed of venous sinuses, auricles, ventricles and arterial cones. Blood enters the gill area from the heart through the ventral aorta. After gas exchange, the blood leaves the gill area and branches to supply blood to tissues throughout the body. Blood from the whole body returns to the heart through the venous system. The gills are respiratory organs unique to fish. The respiratory surface of the gills is the gill lamella, which has a large area. The excretory organ of fish is mainly the mesonephros, which is composed of many renal tubules connected to the renal corpuscles. Liquid metabolic waste is filtered through the renal capsule and excreted from the body by the mesonephric duct.

Fish are usually dioecious in reproduction and development, and their gonads are usually in pairs. Cartilaginous fish are generally fertilized internally and are ovoviviparous, viviparous or oviparous, while most bony fish are fertilized externally. The eggs laid by freshwater fish are sinking or floating, while those laid by marine fish are all floating. The sexual maturity of fish is closely related to species, nutrition, water temperature, light, etc., and is regulated by gonadotropin. The fertilized eggs hatch after a certain period of time, and the fry shed their membranes. The life of a fish is divided into the embryonic stage, fry stage, immature stage and adult stage. Among them, the mortality rate in the fry stage is the highest.

The nervous and sensory nervous system is very important for the life activities of fish. It is composed of the brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord and spinal nerves. The brain and spinal cord are central nerves, and cranial nerves and spinal nerves are peripheral nerves. The brain is divided into the telencephalon and diencephalon, cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The telencephalon is the olfactory center; the diencephalon is also called the thalamus, which is connected to the pituitary gland. The midbrain is the visual center, the cerebellum manages movement, and the medulla oblongata manages multiple centers of physiological activities such as breathing and circulation. The spinal nerves are also called mixed nerves. The structure of fish's sensory organs has the characteristics of adapting to aquatic life. The skin has the functions of touch, temperature, water flow and direction determination. The main function of the lateral line is to determine the direction and sense the water flow. The inner ear of fish plays the role of hearing and balancing the fish body. The structure of fish eyes is not much different from that of human eyes. There are no upper and lower eyelids and tear glands. It is a visual organ. The olfactory sac is usually composed of many olfactory mucosal folds and produces smell, which plays an important role in fish foraging, reproduction, night clustering, alert response and migration. Taste buds produce taste, but they are generally not very sensitive.

Geographical distribution: The distribution of existing fish in the world is extremely wide, and they can be found in high mountain waters of nearly 4,000 meters and deep seas of more than 6,000 meters. The ratio of marine fish to freshwater fish species is 2:1. There are many factors that affect the geographical distribution of fish, including salinity, temperature, water depth, ocean currents, oxygen content, nutrients, light, bottom shape and quality, food resources and food chain structure, as well as historical changes in land and sea.

About 80% of marine fish are distributed in shallow sea continental shelf areas, especially in tropical and subtropical seas of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. Isotherms are closely related to the distribution of marine fish. The main economic fish distributed in the arctic and subarctic seas are herring, cod, salmon, flounder and mackerel; the main economic fish distributed in the subtropical seas are sardines,