CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to raise carp

How to raise carp

Carp is an economic fish belonging to the Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, and Carp genus. It is distributed throughout the country and is one of the most important farmed fish species in my country. Below are the carp breeding methods that I have carefully compiled for you. Let’s take a look.

Carp breeding methods 1. Selection and breeding of parent carp

1 Selection criteria: good body shape, strong activity and no injuries, body length to height ratio of 3:1, with typical breed characteristics. Female fish should be at least 2 winters old and weigh 1.5kg, and male fish should be 2 winters old and weigh more than 1kg. Carp in the initial sexual maturity and aging period have poor egg carrying capacity and egg quality, so they are not suitable for broodstock.

2. Gender identification

Non-reproductive season: The female fish has a wide body, high back, small head, large and soft abdomen, small and wide pectoral and pelvic fins, a flat or slightly protruding cloaca, and radial folds; the male fish has a long and narrow body, a large head, a small and hard abdomen, large and long and pointed pectoral and pelvic fins, and a slightly concave anus without parallel wrinkles.

Reproductive season: The female fish has a soft, round sac-shaped belly, with a larger anus and genital opening that are slightly red and prominent; the male fish has a smaller belly, and the gill covers, pectoral and pelvic fins have obvious secondary sexual characteristics of "chasing stars". The anus and genital opening are concave and not red or swollen, and milky white semen will flow out if the abdomen is pressed lightly.

3. Feeding and management

(1) Breeding: The broodstock breeding pond is 1-2 mu, with a water depth of about 1.2 meters, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, with convenient drainage and irrigation. 150-200 kg of fish are placed per mu. During artificial breeding, males and females should be separated to prevent them from mating and spawning on their own. Disinfect with quicklime or bleaching powder before release.

(2) Management: Strengthen the cultivation of broodstock carp, and feed them high-protein feeds such as bean cake, silkworm pupae, and fish meal. In recent years, some manufacturers have developed broodstock feeds that are rich in VE and other vitamins, which can promote development and improve stress resistance, with good results. At the same time, during the breeding process, pay attention to regulating the water quality, often add fresh water, and maintain micro-flowing water to stimulate the development of gonads.

2. Induction and incubation

1. Timing of inducing labor: When the water temperature rises and stabilizes above 16°C, labor can be induced. Usually, during the period from Qingming to Guyu, after the cold wave, when the temperature rises and stabilizes, labor can be induced.

2. Methods of inducing labor

(1) Natural spawning is a very common method because of its small investment and scale.

a Spawning pond: 0.5-1 mu in area, 1.2 meters deep, any pond with convenient drainage and filling. Fish can be released one week after disinfection with quicklime.

b. Artificial fish nest: used to attach fish eggs. Choose soft, tough, non-toxic, and non-perishable materials, such as pine branches, palm leaves, polyethylene sheets (woven bags), poplar roots, etc., and clean, tie, and disinfect (0.3‰ formaldehyde or malachite green) before use. Straw is not suitable for fish nests because it is easy to rot.

c Hatching pond: It can also be used as a fry breeding pond. It should be small (1-2 mu), with little silt, 1 meter deep and disinfected. The inlet and outlet should be filtered with dense mesh to prevent impurities from entering the pond and fry from escaping.

d. Pooling and spawning: Pool 35-30 groups of mature parent carp at a ratio of 1:1-1.5, and slowly add new water. At the same time, pull 1-8 thin wires on the water surface, and hang artificial fish nests on the wires (or break a bamboo into two pieces and sandwich it in the middle and place it on the water surface). Usually, each group of parent fish should be equipped with 4-6 fish nests.

e Management: Generally, spawning occurs between 22:00 and 9:00 and lasts for 2-3 days. Therefore, the fish nests should be checked and cleaned every afternoon, and the fish nests with eggs should be moved to the hatching pond, and new fish nests should be added at the same time. If spawning is not good after merging the ponds, the water level can be lowered to allow sunlight to shine, more ve can be added to the feed, or micro-flow water can be used for stimulation. In order to ensure the uniformity of the fry, the eggs of the same day should be incubated together, which can also prevent the increase of blind eggs due to the adhesion of the eggs.

(2) Artificial induction of spawning: commonly seen in fish farms

A injection of oxytocin: 600-1000IU of artificial chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) or 30-50 micrograms of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH-A) per kg of female fish, or a mixture of reduced doses, and the dose for male fish is halved. Generally, at 6 pm on a sunny day, the fish is injected into the chest cavity at the base of the pectoral fins according to the predetermined dose, and then moved to the spawning pool, and fresh water is added for half an hour. After 6-15 hours when the water temperature reaches 18℃, the fish will estrus and spawn (the higher the water temperature, the shorter the effect time, and vice versa).

b. Spawning and fertilization: After induced spawning, the broodstock can spawn in the pond by themselves, using the same method as (1). If artificial egg collection is required, the broodstock can be picked up before the climax of estrus, and the water from the fish body can be wiped off with a towel. The eggs can be squeezed into a dry porcelain basin, and semen can be quickly squeezed in. Stir with a feather to allow for full fertilization, and then the fertilized eggs can be evenly spread on the fish nest and placed in the hatching pond for incubation. Alternatively, the broodstock can be debonded with talcum powder solution and then hatched in running water. When the water temperature is 16-22℃, the fry will emerge in 3-5 days.

3 Management:

(1) Natural hatching: 300,000 to 500,000 fertilized eggs are placed in each acre of pond. Eggs of the same day should be placed together to ensure uniform size of the fry. Special attention should be paid to preventing Saprolegniasis. The fish nests with eggs can be pre-soaked with 0.3‰ formaldehyde or malachite green. (2) Debonding hatching: The key is to adjust the water flow rate so that the eggs do not sink but are suspended in the water. At the same time, the sand window should be prevented from being blocked. When the fry are hatched, the flow rate should be slightly reduced to prevent the water flow from being too fast and consuming the fry's physical strength.

Improving the hatching rate is the key to artificial breeding. The main reasons that affect the hatching rate are sudden weather changes during the spawning period, poor water quality, low dissolved oxygen, and fish eggs being parasitized by mold, etc. Efforts should be made to prevent these harms.

Carp efficacy and treatment

How to raise small carp

Carp is a cold water, freshwater fish.

Feeding method: 1

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Choose a suitable fish tank and disinfect and clean it with salt water;

2

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Fill the fish tank with 80% water and expose it to the sun for 1-2 days to release harmful gases in the water and sterilize;

3

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Put clean water plants and stones in the fish tank to improve the environment;

4

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Pour the small carp and the water it came with into the fish tank;

5

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Feed 1-2 times a day, feed the right amount. Carp do not know when they are hungry or full, and they will die if they are fed too much.

6

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Change the water every half a month to keep it clean.