CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to raise pufferfish? How to raise pufferfish

To breed puffer fish, you need to choose a pond with sufficient water and no pollution, disinfect and sterilize it, then inject fresh water, and release strong and disease-free seedlings for breeding. During the breeding process, you need to provide the puffer fish with fish meat and shrimp meat so that the puffer fish can adapt to the bait. You also need to change and add water frequently to provide it with a clean growth environment.

1. Selection of pond

How to raise puffer fish? Puffer fish are timid by nature. During the breeding process, a pond should be built in an open, sunny, ventilated and quiet place, and the pond should be disinfected and sterilized with quicklime to avoid residual pathogens. Then fresh water or brackish water can be injected into the pond.

2. Release fish fry

When breeding puffer fish, you should select high-quality, authentic, strong and similar-sized fry, and put them into a temporary holding pond. Add harmless disinfectant to disinfect them to prevent the fry from carrying pathogens buried in the fish skin, which will affect the water quality of the pond. You can then put them back into the pond after a week.

3. Provide food

Puffer fish feed on shrimp, snail meat, and small fish in the water. During the breeding process, it is necessary to provide them with fresh meat foods such as fish, shrimp, pork, etc., so that the puffer fish can adapt to the environment as quickly as possible and start to forage for food. When food is insufficient, they can also be fed dried shrimps and frozen fish.

1. Breeding methods and breeding environment

The aquaculture sea area requires clean water with rich dissolved oxygen, no red tide, no pollutants and sewage inflow. Cage aquaculture should choose a sheltered bay with a transparency of 7-8m and a flow rate of 10cm/s. The optimum water temperature is 16-23℃. When the water temperature is lower than 9℃ or higher than 28℃, it is not conducive to its growth.

At present, Japan's pufferfish farming is mainly cage farming. In the first year, polyethylene cages are used from juveniles to one-year-old fish. When the weight reaches more than 300g, they are moved to metal cages with a mesh of 4cm and raised until they are put on the market for sale. The cage specifications for domestic cage farming of pufferfish are 3×3×5m, which are mostly found in the southern coastal areas. In the north, most of them are pond farming, with an area ranging from thousands to tens of thousands of square meters and a pond depth of 2-2.5m. In addition to single farming, there have also been mixed farming in recent years. Zhejiang successfully carried out mixed farming of oriental pufferfish and shrimp in earthen ponds in Shenjiamen in 1992-1993.

2. Breeding and Growth

The fry weighing 3-4g are placed in the net cage from June to July. They can reach about 400g by the end of December and more than 1000g by the end of the second year. They can be harvested and put on the market at this time. The best market size of redfin dolphin is 1kg, which has the highest price. In order to achieve better breeding results, the weight of the fish should reach more than 350g before wintering. Before December, the water temperature is still suitable for growth, so sufficient bait should be fed. During the wintering period, if the fish can still eat, it is also necessary to ensure that a small amount of feeding is given as much as possible to prevent weight loss and ensure a stable survival rate. After wintering, normal growth will resume from April. Especially in September-November when the water temperature is suitable, its growth is faster.

Specific management measures:

① Before stocking, you should select seedlings of uniform specifications, healthy and lively. At the same time, you should understand the management conditions during the seedling stage and whether there are any deformed seedlings.

② The seedlings must be bathed in medicine before stocking to prevent the invasion of parasites and other diseases.

③ When transplanting and transporting fish fry, large containers should be used as much as possible to avoid injury to the fish fry.

④ The best way to prevent cannibalism is to produce and use healthy seedlings. Healthy seedlings behave in groups in cages and ponds, making it less likely for cannibalism to occur.

⑤ The fish should be sorted twice from May to November. When changing the net, it is best to connect the old and new nets together to allow the fish to transfer naturally to avoid scratching the fish body.

⑥ It is best to process chilled bait with ice on to keep the bait fresh as much as possible and prevent the protein from spoiling.

⑦ Fresh bait should be fed from early morning to increase the enthusiasm of fry to eat bait.

3. Bait types and feeding methods

Mysid shrimp, shrimp, and sand mullet are used in the juvenile stage, and sardines, mackerel, sand mullet, spotted fish, saury, and horse mackerel are used in the grow-out stage. In order to improve the quality of fish meat at harvest, squid, shrimp, oysters, clams, etc. are sometimes fed.

In order to avoid cannibalism during the growing period, it is necessary to focus on feeding appropriate bait and determine the feeding frequency and amount. When the fish weighs less than 50g, feed it 4 times a day, when it is 50-100g, feed it 3 times a day, and when it is over 100g, feed it twice a day. When the water temperature drops below 15℃, the food intake decreases, and when it is below 10℃, the food intake stops completely. From December to March, when the water temperature is low, it is enough to feed once a day. The general amount of feed for fish under 50g is 30% per day, 15% for 50-100g, and 10% for those over 100g, but it must be based on the fish's satiety.

Farmed ones are also poisonous. The most famous place to eat pufferfish in China is in Yangzhong, Zhenjiang. It must be cooked by professional chefs. After the dish is served, the chef will taste it first. Don't cook it yourself. Don't be afraid of ten thousand, just be afraid of what will happen. What is the possibility of poisoning from eating pufferfish? So can pufferfish be eaten on the table with dignity? Will you be poisoned after eating pufferfish? Experts such as Zhou Guoping, deputy director of Nanjing Fisheries Research Institute and Professor Zhao Qingliang of Nanjing Normal University School of Life Sciences believe that: from the current technology, pufferfish can be eaten, as long as it is handled well, it will not be poisonous! According to Director Zhou Guoping, whether it is wild or farmed, pufferfish is poisonous; but the toxicity of farmed pufferfish is dozens of times lower than that of wild ones, which is low-toxic; however, fish eggs, blood, skin, eyes, and liver are still toxic, and the toxicity of fish eggs and liver is still very strong. "However, poisonous fish does not mean it cannot be eaten," Director Zhou also told reporters. Taking Yangzhong, Zhenjiang, where eating puffer fish is popular, as an example, there are very few people who are poisoned by eating puffer fish every year. The key is to master the processing and cooking techniques. "There are two main reasons for death from eating puffer fish. One is that they do not know how to process it, do not remove the poison, or do not cook it for a long enough time at a high temperature of 120 degrees Celsius; the other is that they eat it by mistake, do not recognize the fish, and eat it as other fish without special treatment." Professor Zhao Qingliang told reporters that when protecting species is no longer a pressing issue, how to guide people to cook puffer fish properly has become a practical problem. Director Zhou introduced that from the situation abroad, people in Japan and other countries love to eat puffer fish, and even think that the more poisonous the puffer fish is, the more delicious it is. In the TV programs of these countries, there are social education programs that teach people how to slaughter and cook puffer fish, and there are also some canned puffer fish meat in supermarkets. The reporter learned from the Nanjing Lukou puffer fish breeding base that the state's regulation of strictly prohibiting the consumption of fresh puffer fish is mainly aimed at wild puffer fish with high natural production, and its main purpose is to protect the safety of consumers and puffer fish resources. In the early 1980s, all puffer fish in Jiangsu were wild and natural, with a production of about 700 tons. Due to overfishing and pollution in recent years, the number has dropped significantly, and the resources are close to scarcity, and they are almost extinct in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. But now many areas along the river and the coast of Jiangsu Province have begun to artificially breed puffer fish on a large scale, and "quantity" is no longer a problem. In recent years, great breakthroughs have been made in the pollution-free breeding and safe detoxification technology of puffer fish. In the past two years, the base has used nearly 2,000 kilograms of fresh fish for trial in some restaurants and hotels, reaching a 100% safety level.