CATDOLL : CATDOLL: In what kind of environment can turbot be farmed?

In what environment can turbot be farmed?

The survival water temperature of adult fish is 2-36℃, the suitable growth temperature is 16-32℃, and the optimal growth water temperature is 21-26℃. The water temperature during the seedling period is generally 16-20℃ (Guangdong is suitable for breeding all year round).

Content expansion:

1. In the natural environment, turbot is carnivorous in feeding habits. Juveniles feed on crustaceans, while adults prey on small fish and shrimps. Under artificial breeding conditions, after domestication, they are mainly fed with high-energy granular compound feed.

2. Turbot is a bottom-dwelling fish, so the light should not be too strong, 500-1500 Lux is appropriate. The light should be uniform, soft, not glaring, and comfortable. The light rhythm should be the same as natural light.

3. Turbot is a cold-water fish that tolerates a temperature range of 3~23℃. The suitable temperature for breeding is 10~20℃. It grows faster in water temperatures of 14~19℃. The best water temperature for breeding is 15~18℃.

What techniques and experiences can be used as reference for breeding turbot?

Turbot is also known as southern flounder, Atlantic desert flounder, and American desert flounder. Turbot has the characteristics of fast growth, excellent quality, wide adaptability, strong resistance to adversity, delicate meat, and rich nutrition. It is recognized as an excellent farmed fish. So what is the farming technology of turbot?

1. Seedlings and seedling selection

(1) Specifications: The breeding technology of turbot and brown flounder is similar and easy to master in production. Generally, when the fry grows to more than 5 cm, they can be put into large ponds. It is best to put the fry when the size is more than 8 cm. At this time, the fry's physique is enhanced, its disease resistance is improved, and the fry have strong adaptability after entering the pond, which can easily increase the survival rate.

(2) Selection of seedlings: When purchasing seedlings, pay attention to selecting seedlings with complete body shape, normal body color, no deformity, no albinism, no damage to fins, fast swimming, uniform size, no disease, and no parasites on the gills.

(3) Stocking time: For outdoor farming, stocking starts when the water temperature is above 18°C, preferably in April or May each year. Stocking too early will cause the fry to have difficulty adapting to the low water temperature, and may even reduce the survival rate of the fry; stocking too late will affect their ability to grow into commercial fish that year.

(4) Stocking density: For pond farming, 500 to 800 fish are stocked per mu; for pond cage farming, 100 to 200 fish are stocked in each 3m×3m×1.5m cage; for sea cage farming, 300 to 400 fish are stocked in each 3m×3m×3.5m cage; for factory greenhouse farming, about 20 fish are stocked per square meter.

2. Choice of pond

Existing shrimp ponds can be used for breeding with a little modification. The water depth is required to be about 1.5 meters, the water source is sufficient, the water quality is fresh and pollution-free, and there are good water inlet and outlet facilities. Before stocking, the pond bottom must be treated. The pond needs to be dried and dredged, the pond bottom needs to be loosened, and the pond needs to be weathered and exposed for more than 10 days. The water inlet is 30 cm to 50 cm, and disinfected with bleaching powder. The effective chlorine content in the pond water is more than 10ppm. The bleaching powder containing 25% to 30% chlorine is generally applied at more than 40 grams per cubic meter of water.

3. Cultivation and management

1. Water quality and water change

The quality of aquaculture water is related to the success or failure of aquaculture. During the entire aquaculture process, we must pay attention to carefully observe the changes in water temperature and water quality, and regularly measure water temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide concentration, etc. The regulation of pond aquaculture water can be controlled by adjusting the amount of water change. The amount of water change is proportional to the water temperature.

2. Bait nutrition and processing

Turbot is a carnivorous bottom-dwelling fish. Mix the vitamins with flour, then mix with fish meal and yeast powder, then add fish oil and mix evenly, add fresh fish and fresh shrimp (or crushed frozen fish and shrimp), put the above mixture into a granulator and stir to make pellet feed. The raw materials for processing wet pellet feed are mainly Spanish mackerel, sardines, mackerel, noodle fish, bluefish and other fish, which must be fresh. Those with poor freshness or frozen for too long cannot be used. During the breeding process, vitamin C, vitamin E and multivitamins can be added to the feed to enhance the nutrition of the fish and prevent illness due to nutritional deficiency. It should be noted that the processed bait should be fed on the same day, and the remaining bait should be properly frozen and stored. The maximum storage time should not exceed 2 days to prevent deterioration.

1. Seedling selection

Seedling cultivation is also the key point in turbot farming. Good seedling cultivation determines the future economic benefits of turbot. When purchasing, try to choose fry that are larger than 5 cm, and the place where you buy fry must be formal.

2. Water quality control

The water quality is the key point in breeding turbot. As turbot is a cold-water fish, the suitable growth temperature is between 10-23 degrees, and it grows fastest between 15-19 degrees. During the breeding period, it is necessary to increase the water circulation volume appropriately, which can achieve a good sewage discharge effect and promote clean water quality.

3. Breeding density

Stocking density is mainly related to fish size and water quality. In the case of good water quality, it can be gradually reduced according to the stocking time and the increase in fish weight. Generally, it is 800 fish per square meter at the beginning, and 15 fish per square meter when the fish weight reaches 800 grams.

Water quality control and seedling selection are very important.

During the cultivation process, it is necessary to pay attention to the causes of diseased fish and drug prevention and treatment.

The breeding technology of turbot and brown flounder is similar and easy to master in production. Generally, when the fry grows to more than 5 cm, they can be put into the large pond for breeding. It is best to put the fry when the size is more than 8 cm. At this time, the physique of the fry is enhanced, the disease resistance is improved, and the fry have strong adaptability after entering the pond, which is easy to improve the survival rate.