CATDOLL : CATDOLL:Herpes simplex virus

Herpes simplex virus is a common virus, usually divided into two types, namely herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2. Herpes simplex virus type 1 often infects the oropharynx, especially gingivostomatitis is the most common. In addition, herpes simplex virus type 1 can also cause encephalitis and skin herpetic eczema.

What is herpes simplex

In fact, many people have seen herpes simplex. So, what is herpes simplex? In fact, herpes simplex is a disease caused by a DNA virus called herpes simplex virus (HSV). According to the difference in antigenicity, the virus is currently divided into two types, type I and type II. Type I mainly infects the skin and mucous membranes of the mouth and lips and the central nervous system, while type II is related to external genital infections and neonatal infections. It is a systemic disease. The virus can enter the human body through the oral cavity, respiratory tract, genital mucosa or broken skin, and can hide in the normal mucous membranes, blood, saliva, local sensory ganglia and most organs of the human body.

The clinical features of herpes simplex are clusters of small, unilocular blisters on the skin and mucous membranes, mainly on the face or genitals, and are prone to recurrence. The herpes simplex virus is widely distributed around the world and is extremely common among the population, with many latent and recurrent infections. Patients and carriers are the source of infection for the disease. The virus can enter the human body through direct contact with the skin and mucous membranes or sexual contact.

Human herpes simplex virus has weak resistance to the outside world. It can be inactivated by heating at 56℃ for 30 minutes, ultraviolet irradiation for 5 minutes, and lipid solvents such as ether. However, its biological activity can be preserved for a long time in a -70℃ environment. In an in vitro culture environment, herpes simplex virus can infect fibroblasts and epithelial cells from almost all embryos and newborn animals, and quickly produce visible lesions. Therefore, virus isolated by in vitro culture can be used for clinical diagnosis.

What causes herpes simplex?

Herpes simplex is a very common virus, and humans are the only host of herpes simplex. Therefore, herpes simplex can lurk in most people's bodies through the mouth, reproductive tract, wounds on the skin surface, etc., but generally does not cause disease. The general causes of herpes simplex include fever, emotional excitement, gastrointestinal dysfunction, drug allergy, excessive fatigue, etc. In addition, pregnancy and menstruation are also one of the causes of herpes simplex. Because during pregnancy, all tissue systems in women's bodies are very sensitive and fragile. Therefore, pregnant mothers should actively do various prenatal examinations so that they can give birth to healthy babies.

Herpes simplex is a DNA virus of the human HSV system. It is divided into two types according to its antigenic properties: HSV-Ⅰ and HSV-Ⅱ. HSV-Ⅰ mainly invades the face, brain and parts above the waist, while HSV-Ⅱ mainly invades the genitals and parts below the waist. Normal people can be carriers of the virus. There are many ways of infection. It can be transmitted through sexual contact, kissing with infected patients, or sharing eating utensils, towels, razors, etc. People with herpes simplex can cause genital herpes when they have oral sex with others. It is worth reminding all mothers that if the birth canal is infected with herpes simplex during pregnancy, a caesarean section should be performed to avoid transmitting herpes simplex to the baby through the birth canal.

Herpes simplex virus type 1

Most pregnant women will do some virus tests before pregnancy to avoid infecting the baby. Herpes simplex virus test is one of them, and herpes simplex virus type 1 is one of the herpes simplex viruses.

Herpes simplex belongs to the a virus subfamily of the herpesviridae family, and the virus plasmid size is about 180 nanometers. Based on the difference in antigenicity, the virus is currently divided into type 1 and type 2. Type 1 is mainly obtained from oral and lip lesions, and type 2 can be isolated from genital lesions. Infection is caused by person-to-person contact. Herpes simplex virus type 1 mainly causes infection of the skin, mucous membranes (oral mucosa) and organs (brain) other than the genitals. It mainly invades the body parts above the waist, and can cause infection in the mouth, lips, eyes, brain and parts above the waist. Most of them are latent infections and do not show symptoms. The primary infection of herpes simplex virus type 1 is often limited to the oropharynx, especially gingivostomatitis, which is the most common. Herpes on the gums and fever and sore throat are also common symptoms. In addition, it can also cause encephalitis and skin herpetic eczema.

The human body is the best host for herpes simplex virus, and the transmission route is wide, so herpes simplex virus is very common. There are many common symptoms, such as inflammation and herpes of the oral mucosa, nasal vestibule, conjunctiva, and throat. Herpes in and around the mouth is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in 99% of cases.

Herpes simplex virus type 2

Herpes simplex virus is a virus that can cause herpes simplex. There are two types of herpes simplex virus, one of which is herpes simplex virus type 2. So, what is herpes simplex virus type 2? Herpes simplex virus type 2 is a virus that can cause genital herpes and is contagious.

Herpes simplex virus type 2 is common in the foreskin, glans, coronal sulcus and penis of men and the labia majora and minora, mons pubis, clitoris and uterus of women. A few visible sites are the perianal area, groin, buttocks and scrotum. In addition, the anus and rectum are often affected in homosexual men.

Most patients who are first infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 are latently infected and have no clinical symptoms. About 10% to 20% of the infected people show symptoms. Generally, after the initial infection is recovered, the herpes virus lurks in the spinal ganglia and turns into a latent infection state. Recurrent genital herpes occurs approximately 1-4 months after the primary. Nearly 60% of patients relapse within one year after the first infection with herpes simplex virus type 2, and can relapse 4-6 times in the first year. The number of times will decrease in the future. In addition, studies have confirmed that pregnant women infected with genital herpes are prone to miscarriage, premature birth or stillbirth. If transmitted to the fetus, the mortality rate of neonatal herpes is as high as 50%. Therefore, female patients with genital herpes must not have a relapse within one year after stopping the medication before they can become pregnant.

Herpes simplex virus IgG positive

I believe that many women will go to the hospital for a comprehensive full-body checkup after deciding to have a baby. Among them, HSV test is also very common, that is, the test for herpes simplex virus. So what does a positive IgG test result mean? Will it affect pregnancy?

First, we need to understand what IgG and IgM are. IgG and IgM are two types of immunoglobulins in the human body. In the examination, herpes simplex virus IgG is the antibody produced after the patient is infected with herpes simplex. A positive test for herpes simplex means that the woman has been infected with herpes simplex virus and recovered, and then produced antibodies against herpes simplex virus.

If the herpes simplex virus IgG is positive and there are no symptoms of herpes, it is because you have been infected with the herpes virus before, but you are not infected now. IgG is produced in the middle and late stages of infection or after the infection has recovered. That is to say, when the infection occurs, igm will be produced first, and then igm will disappear after a period of time, and then igg will be produced. IgG antibodies disappear very slowly or even not disappear. Therefore, after the virus disappears, igg antibodies will still exist in the body for a long time.

The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is present in the blister scar fluid, saliva and feces of patients, recovering people or healthy carriers. Because of this, testing for herpes simplex virus is a very common test.

Herpes simplex virus infection

In fact, many people would like to ask, what is herpes simplex virus infection? In fact, herpes simplex is a disease caused by a DNA virus called herpes simplex virus (HSV). Herpes simplex virus infection is when a healthy person is infected with this virus through some means.

Herpes simplex virus can be divided into two types, type I and type II, based on the difference in antigenicity. Type I mainly infects the skin and mucous membranes of the mouth and lips and the central nervous system, while type II is related to external genital infection and neonatal infection. It is a systemic disease. The virus can enter the human body through the oral cavity, respiratory tract, genital mucosa or broken skin, and can hide in the normal mucous membranes, blood, saliva, local sensory ganglia and most organs of the human body.

This disease mainly causes healthy people to be infected through direct contact between the patient's lesions and the healthy person's mucous membranes or small skin breaks. Transmission through air droplets is another important route of infection. In addition, kissing is one of the important ways to spread this disease. Therefore, genital herpes is classified as a sexually transmitted disease. Secondly, pregnant women with the disease can also cause intrauterine infection of the fetus. Early viral infection of newborns is mainly divided into congenital infection of the fetus through vertical transmission of the virus through the placenta, and infection during delivery and a short period of time during the perinatal period. In addition, herpes simplex virus infection can also be transmitted through the digestive tract, but this route is relatively rare.

Herpes simplex virus antibodies

When you have a physical examination to check for herpes simplex virus, there will be two indicators, IgG and IgM, on the test report, and doctors usually use these two indicators to determine whether you are infected with the herpes simplex virus. In fact, IgG and IgM are two types of immunoglobulins, which are antibodies produced after the herpes simplex virus infects the human body. A positive result means that the antibody is present, which means that the person has been infected or is currently infected with the herpes simplex virus. A negative result means that the antibody is absent, which means that the person is not infected with the herpes simplex virus. More importantly, the production of antibodies to the herpes simplex virus has auxiliary diagnostic value in determining whether the human body is infected with the herpes simplex virus.

Since the herpes simplex virus is divided into type 1 and type 2, the herpes simplex virus antibodies are also divided into type 1 and type 2. In addition, there are differences between IgG and IGM. IGG and IGM are two different immunoglobulins. The order of their production is different, and the duration of their duration in the body is also different. When the herpes simplex virus infects the human body, igm appears first, followed by igg. In addition, when igg is produced in the body, igm has basically been broken down. Secondly, igg, an immunoglobulin, can exist in the human body for a long time.

From the above, we can see that if IGM is positive, it indicates that the patient is in the acute infection stage, and if IGG is positive, it may be related to previous infection with herpes simplex virus.

Treatment for herpes simplex

We all know that herpes simplex is a contagious and somewhat troublesome disease. So, how should herpes simplex be treated?

Modern medicine believes that herpes simplex is caused by infection with the herpes simplex virus. However, traditional Chinese medicine believes that there are many reasons for herpes simplex, including the following. One is that it is caused by external wind-heat-dampness toxins, which attack the head and face. The second is that it is caused by the accumulation of dampness and heat in the stomach and intestines, which steams up to the lips and cheeks. The third is that the Chong and Ren meridians are not in harmony, and the liver meridian is stagnant and hot. Most people who have repeated attacks have insufficient qi and yin, and internal disturbance of deficiency heat.

Generally, only local anti-infection treatment can be used to treat small-scale superficial herpes simplex lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. Oral enteric-coated aspirin can be used for people with more obvious pain in the skin and mucous membrane herpes area. In addition, patients with genital herpes should be prohibited from having sex during the illness. For patients with severe symptoms, especially those with important organs involved, systemic anti-infection drugs and corresponding symptomatic supportive treatment should be given. For some patients, it is necessary to isolate them from people who are easily infected. For patients who are not effective for local medication or have severe conditions (especially herpes simplex virus encephalitis), antiviral drugs need to be used systemically. Giving patients antiviral treatment can reduce the spread and symptoms of severe primary infection and the spread and symptoms of recurrent cases, and cure chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. In addition to internal treatment, the treatment of herpes simplex should also be combined with external treatment, which can promote the early drying and scabbing of blisters and prevent bacterial suppurative infection.

Can you get pregnant with herpes simplex virus?

We all know that herpes simplex virus is a virus that can be transmitted and cause herpes simplex disease. So, can you get pregnant with herpes simplex virus? Will it affect the baby? There are many ways for herpes simplex virus to be transmitted. In addition to direct contact, respiratory tract, and sexual contact, there is another very important way of transmission. The virus carried by pregnant women is transmitted vertically to the fetus through the placenta, causing the fetus to be infected with the virus. Therefore, if you get pregnant during the outbreak of herpes simplex, the virus will be transmitted to the fetus.

In fact, herpes simplex virus is very harmful to the fetus. Many reports point out that herpes simplex virus can cause fetal viremia, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, congenital malformations, intrauterine growth retardation or premature birth through the placenta when infected in early pregnancy (especially primary infection). It can also be latent infection or persistent virus-carrying state. Neonatal herpes infection mainly occurs in the perinatal period, mostly during vaginal delivery of mothers with herpes simplex; or after the mother is infected with herpes during pregnancy, the virus ascends through the cervix into the uterine cavity, causing intrauterine infection of the fetus. Fetuses infected in utero may be born prematurely, or have various forms of congenital malformations at birth, or have physical and intellectual development disorders after birth.

When a newborn is infected with herpes virus, it is either asymptomatic or causes clinical manifestations of different forms or degrees. Most of them will have fever, cough, and herpes in the mouth, cavity, and skin 4 to 7 days after birth. Severe cases are accompanied by dyspnea, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, bleeding tendency, convulsions, impaired consciousness, etc.

Genital herpes simplex

Some people have genital herpes simplex virus type 2, so where does genital herpes simplex virus type 2 come from?

Herpes simplex virus is a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the alpha subfamily of human herpesvirus and the genus herpes simplex virus. It is divided into two subtypes, HSV-1 and HSV-2, based on different antigenicity. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) mainly causes infection of the skin and mucous membranes of the genital area and newborns, mainly through sexual contact and vertical transmission from mother to child. Herpes simplex virus has the characteristic of being tropistic for sensory ganglia and forming a latent infection state.

Genital herpes simplex virus type 2 is the main pathogen of genital herpes (90%), which causes primary genital herpes after infection. After the primary genital herpes subsides, the remaining virus is transferred along the nerve axis through the peripheral nerves to the sacral ganglion and remains dormant for a long time. When the body's resistance is reduced or certain stimulating factors such as fever, cold, infection, menstruation, gastrointestinal dysfunction, trauma, etc., the latent virus can be activated and the virus descends to the surface of the skin and mucous membranes to cause lesions, leading to recurrence.