CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What is the difference between small yellow croaker and large yellow croaker?

Large yellow croaker and small yellow croaker are two different species.

Generally speaking, the size of large yellow croaker is larger than that of small yellow croaker, but this is not a fixed feature and cannot be used as the main basis for judging the size of "yellow croaker". Comparing the shapes of these two fish, it is not difficult to find obvious differences between them.

First, the length of the caudal peduncle of the large yellow croaker (i.e. the vertical distance between the end point of the anal fin base and the base of the caudal fin) is more than three times its height, while the caudal peduncle of the small yellow croaker is only more than twice its height. Don't underestimate this "double" difference, because with this difference, the large yellow croaker's tail is thinner and longer, and can be distinguished from the small yellow croaker.

Secondly, above the lateral line, the large yellow croaker has 8-9 rows of scales, while the small yellow croaker has only 5-6 rows. In comparison, the large yellow croaker has smaller scales, while the small yellow croaker has larger scales. Of course, this is just a comparison between the two.

Small yellow croaker is small yellow croaker. Large yellow croaker is large yellow croaker: Large yellow croaker catalog

form

Distribution and populations

Biological characteristics

Reproduction

Migration and fishing season

Production

use

Nutritional analysis

Suitable for people

Food incompatibility

Cooking Instructions

Dietary effects

Other related

Remark

Suitable for people

Food incompatibility

Cooking Instructions

Dietary effects

Other related

Remark

English name: Pseudosciaena crocea

Classification: Osteichthyes, Perciformes

Sciaenidae

Yellow croaker genus.

Other names: yellow flower, big fresh, cucumber fish, big yellow croaker.

The main economic fish in China's coastal waters. One of the traditional "four major seafoods" (large yellow croaker, small yellow croaker, hairtail, and squid).

[Edit this paragraph] Form

The body is laterally flattened, and the caudal peduncle is about three times longer than the height. The head is relatively large, with a well-developed mucus cavity.

Jaws slightly protruding. Lateral line scales 56 to 58, dorsal fin with 8 to 9 scales from the dorsal fin origin to the lateral line. Dorsal fin with 9 to 11

Fin spines, 27-38 (usually 31-33) fin rays. Anal fin with 2 fin spines, 7-10 fin rays, the second fin spine

Equal to or slightly larger than the eye diameter. The body is yellowish brown, the belly is golden yellow, and the fins are yellow or grayish yellow.

Red. The swim bladder is relatively large, with a round front end and 31 to 33 pairs of lateral limbs. The anterior small

Branches and posterior branchlets are equal in length. There are 2 white otoliths in the skull. There are 26 to 27 vertebrae, sometimes 25.

[Edit this section] Distribution and population

Large yellow croaker is distributed in China from the south of the central Yellow Sea to the east of the Qiongzhou Strait.

The species is found in the coastal waters of the mainland and the west coast of North Korea. It is also occasionally found west of the Leizhou Peninsula.

It can be divided into three populations: ① The northern and central East China Sea populations. Distributed from the southern Yellow Sea to the central East China Sea, including

It includes Lvsi Ocean, Daiqu Ocean, Maotou Ocean, Dongtou Ocean and the vicinity of Yishan Island in Fujian.

They are mainly distributed in the southern East China Sea, the Taiwan Strait and the northern South China Sea (from the south of Yishan Island to the Pearl River

This population is divided into two major groups: the northern and southern groups. ③ The western Guangdong group. Mainly distributed in the Pearl River Delta

The South China Sea area from the river mouth to the Qiongzhou Strait.

[Edit this section] Biological characteristics

Large yellow croaker is a warm-temperate near-shore schooling migratory fish that mainly inhabits the 80

The spawning fish are afraid of strong light, like to go against the current, and like transparency.

Smaller turbid waters. They tend to float at dawn, dusk or high tides, and sink during daytime or low tides.

Fish mainly feed on various small fish and crustaceans (shrimp, crab, mantis shrimp).

The feeding intensity of juvenile fish is significantly reduced; after the end of reproduction, the feeding intensity increases. The main food of juvenile fish is copepods, mysid shrimp,

Landgrass

The large yellow croaker can make strong intermittent sounds and is also very sensitive to sound.

The organs of pronunciation are the swim bladder and the vocal muscles on both sides. When the vocal muscles contract, they press on the internal organs and make the swim bladder resonate.

During the breeding season, fish make "cluck" and "woooo" sounds all day long, and the sounds are as loud as

This kind of sound is generally believed to be a means of communication between fish schools, and it is common in the reproductive period.

As a signal for fish to gather, Chinese fishermen have long used this habit to judge the size and habitat of yellow croaker schools.

The water layer and location are determined to facilitate fishing.

[Edit this section] Reproduction

The spawning grounds are generally located in shallow waters near islands near river mouths and in coastal low-salinity areas of inner bays.

The water depth is generally no more than 20 meters in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, but the deepest can reach 20 meters in the Daiquyang spawning ground.

~30 meters, not more than 30 meters in the South China Sea; the water is turbid, the transparency is mostly within 1 meter, and the bottom is soft

There are about 10 spawning grounds for yellow croaker along the coast of China, including Lv Siyang in Jiangsu,

The Daiquyang, Dajiyang, Maotouyang, Damuyang and Yueqing Bay in Zhejiang, the Guanjingyang, Dong

The water temperature of the spawning grounds during the spring flood season rises to 15-20 degrees Celsius.

At 17℃, large yellow croakers begin to spawn in groups. During the peak flood season, the water temperature in Zhejiang spawning grounds reaches 17-19℃, and above 20℃

The fishing season ends when the temperature rises to 21-22℃ in Lvsiyang and 22-24℃ in Guanjingyang.

In Lvsi and Guanjing oceans, it is 28 to 31, and in Daiqu and Daji oceans, it is 17 to 28.

Repeated spawning, usually 2-3 times during the reproductive period. The number of eggs carried is proportional to the size of the individual.

The number of eggs varies from 100,000 to 2.75 million, but is usually 200,000 to 500,000. The eggs are buoyant, spherical, and 1.19 to 2.75 million in diameter.

1.55 mm, the egg membrane is smooth, with a colorless oil ball, and the diameter is 0.35-0.46 mm.

At a water temperature of 18°C, the fry will hatch after about 50 hours. The age composition of each local group is different.

The life span and age of sexual maturity of individuals are also different: the life span of individuals in the northern and central groups of the East China Sea is the longest.

The oldest fish is 29 years old, but the age of sexual maturity is later, a few are 2 years old, and the average age is 3 to 4 years old.

The yellow croakers in the western Guangdong group have the shortest lifespan, with the oldest fish being only 9 years old, but they reach sexual maturity the earliest.

A few individuals begin to mature at the age of 1, and most individuals are 2 to 3 years old.

Between the two groups, the oldest fish is 17 years old, and a large number of sexually mature individuals are 2 to 3 years old.

The largest individual can reach a total length of 755 mm and weigh 3.8 kg.

[Edit this section] Migration and fishing season

In spring, the water temperature along the coast of China rises, and fish migrate from their wintering grounds to the coastal rivers.

The wintering areas of the northern and central East China Sea groups are Jiangwai and Zhouwai.

The first is the wintering ground, the second is the wintering ground near the Zhejiang and Fujian coasts, and the third is the wintering grounds outside Dasha and Shahai.

In the second half of the month, they form large groups and migrate westward from the deep-water wintering area to the Lvsuyang, Daiquyang, Dajiyang, etc.

Spawning grounds. The spawning period is from May to June. After spawning, the broodstock disperse to the sea areas around islands and estuaries to feed.

In September, smaller schools of fish come to the coasts of Jiangsu and Zhejiang to spawn, forming the autumn season.

As the coastal water temperature drops, large yellow croaker returns to the wintering sea area.

One group enters the Dongyin fishing ground to spawn from late April to mid-May, and the other group enters the Dongyin fishing ground to spawn from April.

From the end of the month to the middle of June, they enter the inner bay of Sandu'ao via the Baiquan Islands and Matsu Island in 3-4 batches.

From mid-August to mid-June, fish spawn in Guanjingyang during high tides.

The autumn and winter yellow croaker season began to form in the area of ​​the Sid Archipelago.

They swim to the warm waters of the 60-meter isobath to hibernate, and some fish continue to swim south of the Sid Islands.

The southern population of the Fujian and Guangdong groups begins its reproductive migration earlier in the coastal waters east of the Pearl River Estuary, starting in January.

Fish schools began to gather in Shanwei from the open sea, and then turned to migrate northeastwards. They arrived at Jiazi and Shen in February and March.

The fishing season starts in March in the northeast and southeast fishing grounds of Nan'ao Island and ends in April.

Initially, the fish entered the Guangdong coast from the southern coastal area of ​​Fujian and migrated from northeast to southwest.

Arrived in the coastal waters of Raoping and the southwestern coast of Nan'ao Island in September, appeared in Shenquan and Jiazi in October, and arrived in November.

In Shanwei, it is near Pinghai and Aotou (inside and outside Daya Bay) in December, and begins to escape to the open sea in January.

In early October, the western Guangdong group migrates from Wuchuan and other places to the spawning grounds in the south and north of Naozhou Island. November is the peak month for spawning.

The autumn flood ends. The spring flood begins in February of the following year.

Fish gather in the south of Naozhou Island to spawn. March is the peak season. The water temperature rises in early April.

During the spring rains, the salinity of the shallow waters near the coast drops significantly, making it unsuitable for large yellow croaker to inhabit. The fish quickly move away.

Leaving, the spring flood is over.

[Edit this paragraph] Production

According to the Records of Wu, in the tenth year of Helu (505 BC), fishing had already begun in the East China Sea.

The Ming Dynasty's "Minzhong Haicuo Shu" records the fishing of yellow croaker along the coast of Siming (now Ningbo).

In the past, the main fishing gear used to catch yellow croaker in Zhejiang Province was bag nets (large pairs, small pairs, and sieves).

nets), followed by drift nets, strewn nets and hooks; Fujian mainly uses large-scale gillnets and drift gillnets; Guangdong used to use

The most famous fishing method is "knocking", and trawling, hand fishing, purse seine and ground dragnet are also used.

Fishing is prohibited because of its serious damage to resources.

It's China and North Korea.

[Edit this paragraph] Use

The meat of large yellow croaker is good and delicious, and "squirrel yellow croaker" is a banquet delicacy.

Fresh, others are salted to make "melon fish", and after removing the internal organs and salting, they are washed and dried to make "yellow croaker fish" or

Fish maw can be dried and made into the precious food "fish belly" and "yellow fish glue".

Fish liver contains vitamin A and is a good raw material for making cod liver oil. Otoliths can be used as medicine.

[Edit this section] Nutritional analysis

1. Yellow croaker is rich in protein, trace elements and vitamins, which are very beneficial to the human body. For people with weak constitution and the elderly, eating yellow croaker will have a very good therapeutic effect;

2. Yellow croaker is rich in the trace element selenium, which can eliminate free radicals produced by human metabolism, delay aging, and prevent and treat various cancers.

[Edit this paragraph] Suitable for people

It is edible for the general public

1. It is especially suitable for people with anemia, insomnia, dizziness, loss of appetite and women with postpartum weakness;

2. Yellow croaker is an allergenic food. Asthma patients and people with allergies should eat it with caution.

[Edit this section] Food incompatibility

Yellow croaker cannot be eaten with the Chinese medicine Schizonepeta; avoid drinking tea before or after eating fish; and it should not be eaten with buckwheat.

[Edit this paragraph] Cooking instructions

1. Yellow croaker meat is tender and suitable for steaming. If fried, more oil is needed to avoid breaking up the meat, and the frying time should not be too long.

2. When cooking yellow croaker, remove the scalp to remove the odor.

[Edit this section] Dietary therapeutic effects

Yellow croaker tastes sweet and salty, is neutral in nature, and enters the liver and kidney meridians;

According to traditional Chinese medicine, yellow croaker has the effects of harmonizing the stomach and stopping bleeding, nourishing the kidney and replenishing deficiency, strengthening the spleen and appetizing, calming the nerves and stopping dysentery, and replenishing qi and essence.

It has a good therapeutic effect on anemia, insomnia, dizziness, loss of appetite and postpartum physical weakness in women.

[Edit this paragraph] Other related

The history of yellow croaker fishing in China can be traced back to the time of King Helu of Wu in the pre-Qin period, as recorded in Lu Guangwei's "Wu Di Ji" in the Tang Dynasty.

[Edit this paragraph] Notes

1. High-quality yellow croaker has a golden and shiny body surface, with intact scales that are not easy to fall off; the meat is firm and elastic; the eyeballs are full and protruding, and the cornea is transparent; the gills are bright red or purple, without any peculiar or fishy smell, and the gill filaments are clear.

2. The difference between large yellow croaker and small yellow croaker: The appearance of large yellow croaker and small yellow croaker is very similar, but large yellow croaker is larger than small yellow croaker, and the length of its caudal peduncle is more than 3 times the height of its caudal peduncle; the second spine of the anal fin is equal to or larger than the eye diameter, the scales are small and tightly organized, and there are 8 to 9 scales between the dorsal fin and the lateral line; the head is large, the mouth is obliquely split, and the eyes on the head are large. Small yellow croaker has a higher back, large round scales, a short and thick caudal peduncle, a wide and upturned mouth, and small eyes.

Large yellow croaker and small yellow croaker are two different species.

Generally speaking, the body shape of large yellow croaker is larger than that of small yellow croaker, but this is not a fixed feature and cannot be used as the main basis for judging the size of "two yellow croakers". If you compare the shapes of the two fish, it is not difficult to find that there are obvious differences between them.

First, the length of the caudal peduncle of large yellow croaker (i.e. the vertical distance between the end point of the base of the anal fin and the base of the caudal fin) is more than three times its height, while the length of the caudal peduncle of small yellow croaker is only more than twice its height. Don't underestimate this "one times" difference, because with this difference, the tail of large yellow croaker appears thinner and longer, and can be distinguished from small yellow croaker.

Secondly, the big yellow croaker has 8-9 rows of scales above the lateral line, while the small yellow croaker has only 5-6 rows. In comparison, the scales of the big yellow croaker appear smaller, while the scales of the small yellow croaker are larger. Of course, this is just a comparison between the two.

1》Differences between small yellow croaker and large yellow croaker

Small yellow croaker, also known as Xiaoxian, is similar in appearance to large yellow croaker, but they are not the same species. Small yellow croaker is shorter than large yellow croaker, generally 15-25 cm long. The main difference between them is that large yellow croaker has smaller scales, with eight to nine scales between the dorsal fin and the lateral line, while small yellow croaker has larger scales, with five to six scales between the dorsal fin and the lateral line. Large yellow croaker has a longer tail peduncle, which is more than three times its height, while small yellow croaker is only about twice as long.

2. Small yellow croaker

Small yellow croaker, also known as Xiaoxian, is a fish with a higher yield in Zhoushan fishing grounds. The historical highest annual output has reached 30,000 tons.

Small yellow croaker is similar in appearance to large yellow croaker, but they are not the same species. Small yellow croaker is shorter than large yellow croaker, generally 15-25 cm. The main difference between small yellow croaker and large yellow croaker is that large yellow croaker has smaller scales, with eight to nine scales between the dorsal fin and the lateral line; small yellow croaker has larger scales, with five to six scales between the dorsal fin and the lateral line. Large yellow croaker has a longer tail peduncle, which is more than three times its height, while small yellow croaker is only about twice as long.

3. Yellow croaker

Large yellow croaker, also known as large yellow croaker, is an important economic fish in my country. The Zhoushan Islands is one of the main production areas of large yellow croaker, with the highest annual production reaching 13.2

Ten thousand tons.

Around the beginning of summer every year, yellow croakers make calls when they spawn in groups. The calls of female fish are low, similar to the chirping sound of a gas lamp, while the calls of male fish are high, like the croaking of frogs in a pond on a summer night. When fishing on wooden sailboats, fishermen put their ears against the board to listen to the calls, judge the size and density of the fish school, and the depth of the fish school, and then catch them.

Yellow croaker is tender and nutritious, and has high economic value. It can be eaten fresh, braised, stewed, stir-fried, salted, etc., and can be cooked into dozens of dishes with different flavors. Yellow croaker with pickled vegetables is a common dish for Zhoushan people to entertain guests. Yellow croaker also has high medicinal value. Its otoliths have the effects of clearing heat and removing blood stasis, relieving stranguria and promoting urination, its fat has the effects of moistening the lungs and strengthening the spleen, replenishing qi and stopping bleeding, and its gallbladder has the function of clearing heat and detoxifying.

In recent years, due to excessive fishing intensity, the resources of yellow croaker have become increasingly scarce, and the output has also decreased accordingly. At present, Zhoushan has built a base for artificial breeding of yellow croaker.

4》

The difference between small yellow croaker and large yellow croaker