CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Could you please tell me the feed formula for maggots? Thank you teachers!

Could you please tell me the feed formula for maggots? Thank you teachers!

①Formula of manure:

Raw materials for maggot breeding: 80% fresh pig manure, 10% wheat bran, 10% peanut residue

(Note: Spray with EM 1:10 water every day to deodorize)

Egg collection material: 80% fresh pig manure 10% wheat bran

9.5% peanut hawthorn 0.5% ammonium bicarbonate

Fly breeding drink: 5% brown sugar 5% milk powder 5% fresh eggs

0.2% Vitamin C 0.2% Methionine 84.6% Water

② Fermentation of manure:

Use EM in a dilute fermentation ratio of 1:10. The humidity is between 70-80%. Mix and ferment for 1-2 days before use. It can eliminate toxic and harmful gases in the manure during the maggot breeding process.

③Put the egg-collecting material on the manure of the maggot breeding platform. Young maggots can be seen the next day. After 2 days, mature maggots can be seen crawling out of the manure pile and crawling to the slightly higher side of the platform. Take it out and rinse it with 1/5000 potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes before use.

④ Timing of feeding, collecting fly eggs and taking maggots

Feeding (fly breeding drink): at irregular intervals, feed after the flies have finished eating. Be careful not to feed too much each time to prevent the flies from dying.

Egg collection materials: put them into the cage in the morning and take them out and put them into the maggot breeding platform in the evening.

Taking maggots: depends on production and application.

According to this method, each cage can produce 20 kilograms of maggots per day. Each batch of manure raw materials can produce a batch of maggots, which are then used to breed earthworms. Within the suitable temperature range for maggot growth, high or low temperatures will affect the length of time for maggots to emerge. Therefore, the production plan should be adjusted at any time according to temperature changes to ensure a stable and balanced supply of fresh maggots.

2) Selection of maggot feed

1. Feed formula Feed is the material basis for raising maggots. Through the comparative breeding test of maggot feed, it is better to breed maggots with pure chicken manure and pig and chicken manure in a certain proportion, while cattle manure is worse for breeding maggots (Table 1)

Table 1 Comparison of maggot breeding feed formula experiments

Feeding name Combination project Pure pig manure Pure chicken manure Pure cow manure Pig and chicken manure 1:2 Pig and chicken manure 1:1 Pig and chicken manure 2:1 Pig and cow manure 1:1

Total feed (kg) 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Egg collection date (month/day) 4/1 4/1 4/1 4/1 4/1 4/1 4/1

Hatching date (month/day) 4/2 4/2 4/2 4/2 4/2 4/2 4/2

Date of maggot formation (month/day) 4/6 4/6 4/6 4/6 4/6 4/6 4/6

Total number of adult maggots (month/day) 4695 4958 2865 4784 4245 4692 3962

Total weight of adult maggots (month/day) 109 138 41.7 123 111.4 127 74.3

Number of adult maggots per gram (month/day) 43 36 69 39 38 37 53

Note: The number of eggs collected is 5,000

According to the results in the table, a set of formulas are obtained for selection:

(1) Mix 1 part of pig manure and 1 part of chicken manure with water, and the water content should be about 80%.

(2) 1 part pig manure and 2 parts chicken manure, add water and mix, the water content is 80%

(3) Mix 2 parts of pig manure and 1 part of chicken manure with water to a water content of 80%.

2. Use pig manure as bait to reduce the cost of raising maggots. According to many materials, wheat bran is the main bait for producing fly maggots. In order to reduce the cost of raising fly maggots and improve economic benefits, we conducted an experiment of artificially raising fly maggots using pig manure instead of wheat bran as bait. After the experiment, it was found that 2 kg of wheat bran was needed to produce 500 grams of fresh maggots using wheat bran as bait, and the cost of 1 kg of fly maggots was 0.25 yuan (excluding equipment investment). Although the protein content of wheat bran after raising maggots did not decrease after testing, it was not effective for feeding livestock and poultry, which resulted in a large amount of wheat bran wasted, limiting its promotion and application. The method of raising fly maggots with pig manure as bait is the same as that of raising fly maggots with wheat bran, and the yield of fly maggots per square meter is basically the same. The various main nutrients contained in the fly maggots produced by the two baits are also basically the same through testing, and no abnormalities occurred during the breeding process. The cost of producing fly maggots with pig manure bait has been reduced from 0.5 yuan to 0.14 yuan per kilogram (pig manure is not priced, only the cost of artificial feeding and fly breeding, etc.) Practice has proved that using pig manure as feed to raise fly maggots has a wide source of feed, low production cost, and simple breeding methods. The manure residue after maggot breeding can also be used as fertilizer or biogas raw material, which not only makes full use of bioenergy, but also creates favorable conditions for vigorously promoting fly maggot production.

(II) Simple production technology of fly maggots

In rural areas, fly maggots are raised as bait for livestock and special animals. They can be easily produced by using local materials. Here are several commonly used simple production methods for fly maggots:

1. Plastic basin (bucket) breeding method; this method can be used for small-scale production. Each plastic basin produces about 1 to 1.5 kg of maggots. It can feed 50-75 pheasants. Put fresh animal viscera, dead rats, etc. in places with more flies, let the flies lay eggs on them, put them in the morning and collect them in the evening, and put the collected fly eggs in a large basin with a diameter of 6 cm (or a plastic bucket with a diameter of 30 cm). Sprinkle water into the large plastic basin to keep it moist, and cover it. After 2 to 3 days, the maggots will grow out. This method can be used to breed maggots in the wild without introducing species. When raising maggots, the amount of food is fed from small to large, that is, fresh chicken manure and pig manure are put into the basin at a ratio of 1:1. A plastic basin with a diameter of 60 cm is fed with 1 kg of feed per day (half the feed for barrel breeding), and then sprayed with 100 ml of 3% sugar water (or waste liquid or molasses from the sugar factory). After 4 to 5 days, maggots can grow and feed animals. Feeding method: Pour water into a basin, stir gently with a wooden stick, scoop out the fresh maggots floating on the water surface, wash and disinfect them before feeding them directly to animals. Pour the slag water into a biogas tank or manure pit for fermentation and sterilization. If used to feed turtles, eels, and fish, pour the slag into the pond together with the manure.

Why do maggots not transform into flies?

Let me answer the previous question first. You didn't write down the operation and environment of raising maggots, so I can only give you a few possibilities.

1. What is the temperature of your breeding environment? If the temperature is low, the maggots will grow very slowly or even be in a dying state. The maggots that have already pupated may grow at the bottom of the food, where the fermentation temperature of the food is high, so the maggots can grow faster. The temperature of the maggot breeding environment should be above 20 degrees Celsius, and 35 degrees Celsius is the best temperature for growth. The temperature should ensure that the maggots are relatively active.

2. Is your rice bran coarse bran or rice bran? The main component of coarse bran is rice husk, while the main component of rice bran is the rice skin. The possibility of rice bran is relatively small, because it is difficult to make. The nutrients in coarse bran are difficult to be absorbed by maggots, so it must be fermented by microorganisms before feeding. It is not good to raise maggots with rice bran alone, as they will be malnourished. You must add other things.

The nutrition of the egg-collecting material is definitely far from meeting the nutrients required for the growth of maggots, so the maggots will be thin and small.

Regarding the method of raising maggots, please provide a range first, otherwise I will have to type a lot of useless words.

1. What do you feed them and what kind of maggots do you raise (small house flies or red-headed flies)?

2. Where are you from? (The local ambient temperature is different, and the precautions may be different)

3. What is cheaper in your area? The food that maggots can usually eat: wheat bran, bean dregs, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, pig blood, slaughterhouse waste, pig manure, chicken manure, distiller's grains, corn flour.

Pay attention to these things, some of them should be used together and cannot be used alone.

4. The microorganisms used for fermenting manure currently include EM and Vitality 99. I don’t know how Vitality 99 works because I haven’t tried it yet. Now I use EM that I cultivate myself. These things are more expensive, but if you cultivate a small amount, it’s too troublesome to cultivate them yourself. Weigh the cost yourself.

5. I don’t know what you feed the flies. If there is no problem with the flies you raise, just continue with your previous method.

reason:

First, the temperature in the breeding room is too low, below 20°C, while the temperature in the manure pile is above 30°C. When the maggots crawl out, they immediately feel that the temperature outside is not conducive to pupation, so they have to pupate in the manure pile.

Second, the manure pile is too big, and the maggots next to it automatically separate. The maggots living in the middle of the manure pile have been crawling for a long time but have not been able to crawl out of the manure. They have no eyes and think that the manure pile is boundless. It is futile to crawl anymore, so they have to pupate in the manure pile.

Third, the frequent activities of fly maggots always make the feces fill up the edge of the maggot breeding pool, and the fly maggots have no way to crawl out. The solution is: the time for fly maggots to automatically separate is between 3 and 9 o'clock, the temperature during this period should be above 20℃, the weight of feces in each maggot breeding pool should be less than 100 kg, and the feces blocking the edge of the maggot breeding pool should be shoveled to the middle 2 to 3 times a day to make the path along the wall of the fly maggot breeding pool unobstructed.

Analysis on the Benefit of Fly Maggot Breeding

Among many insects, people first turned their attention to fly maggot farming, which is due to the fact that the fly group has characteristics that other insects do not have:

1. Fast reproduction and high production efficiency

Flies reproduce quickly. According to estimates, a pair of flies can reproduce 200 billion flies in 4 months, and can accumulate more than 600 tons of pure protein. It usually takes only 10 to 11 days for maggots to develop from eggs to adults. It only takes 4 to 5 days from eggs to adults. The cycle is short, the reproduction is fast, and the yield is high. The newly hatched larvae are 0.08 mg. At 24 to 30 ° C, after 4 to 12 days of growth, the weight of the maggots can reach 20 to 25 mg, and the total biomass increases by 250 to 300 times. As lower animals, insects have an assimilation efficiency of about half that of mammals in the energy conversion of the ecosystem, but their production efficiency is 15 to 40 times that of mammals, which is unmatched by other methods of producing animal protein so far.

(ii) Omnivorous diet, with a fondness for animal dung

The raw materials for breeding fly maggots come from a wide range of sources, including waste materials of agricultural and sideline products such as wheat, rice bran, distiller's grains, bean dregs, and livestock and poultry manure such as pig manure, chicken manure, and duck manure. A livestock and poultry farm equipped with a fly maggot breeding farm is equivalent to building another insect protein feed production plant. The raw material is the feces discharged by livestock and poultry, and the product is high-quality fly maggot protein. The waste is mainly transformed into benefits. The feces after breeding fly maggots has no odor, does not attract flies, and is fertile and loose. It is a high-quality organic fertilizer for crops. This special conversion function is beyond the reach of other feed insects. The ability of fly maggots to process livestock and poultry feces is 20 times that of earthworms.

3. Strong disease resistance and seldom get sick

Flies live in dirty places and are surrounded by countless germs, but they are safe and sound and will not be infected by these pathogens. Maggots have strong vitality and never get sick from eating feces. There is nothing poisonous in the maggots. The kitchen environment that other animals cannot tolerate is a paradise for maggots, which is due to their excellent immune function. Flies can produce a variety of effective substances against bacteria and viruses. For example, there is an antibacterial active protein in the secretions of flies, which has extremely strong bactericidal and antiviral abilities. As long as the concentration is one ten-thousandth, it can kill various bacteria and viruses. No modern antibiotic can compare with it. Scientists have also found an anti-cancer active protein in flies, which has a strong inhibitory effect on cancer cells. When raising maggots, you generally don't have to worry about disease prevention, which can greatly save the cost of disease prevention.

(IV) High-quality animal protein feed

Research results at home and abroad show that insects not only have higher protein content than chicken, fish, eggs, pork and other higher animals, but also have a very reasonable amino acid composition in their proteins, close to the amino acid ratio pattern in proteins established by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The digestibility of insect protein is very close to or better than that of animal protein. This shows that insect protein can be used as a high-quality protein feed for livestock and poultry.

At present, many countries in the world have taken artificial breeding of insects as the main direction to solve the problem of protein feed sources. Dry fly maggots generally contain about 60% protein, 10% to 15% fat, and rich in various amino acids. The total amount of essential amino acids is 2.3 times that of fish meal, and methionine and lysine are 2.7 and 26 times that of fish meal, respectively, which is significantly higher than dry fish meal. Practice has proved that it can not only completely replace fish meal, but also add an appropriate amount of live fly maggots to mixed feeds to feed crabs, fish, turtles, eels, eels, prairie fish, birds, etc., which significantly accelerates growth and significantly increases production, with very good results. According to experiments, adding an appropriate amount of fresh insects to feed laying hens can increase the egg production rate by 17% to 25%, increase the production of fish by more than 22%, and increase the growth rate of pigs by 19.2% to 42%, and save 20% to 40% of feed. Artificial breeding of fly maggots can alleviate feed shortages and reduce feeding costs. In this way, the pressure of feed grain on my country's agriculture, the pressure on the environment, the pressure on arable land and irrigation water, the pressure on foreign exchange needed to import grain, etc. can be greatly alleviated.

(V) The body of fly maggots is full of treasures

Fly maggot protein can not only be used as high-quality protein feed, but also can be used to extract protein powder and develop advanced nutritional products. It is an ideal nutritional source for human beings in the future. During the production process, a variety of biochemical products such as fat, antibiotics, and lectins can be obtained at the same time. Antibacterial protein can eliminate all fungal microorganisms and has a strong bactericidal effect. Maggot shells are a good raw material for extracting chitin. Chitin is known as the sixth essential life element for the human body in addition to sugar, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals. Chitin has unique medical and health functions for the human body, activates and repairs cell functions, enhances immune regulation functions, prevents diseases, improves disease resistance and accelerates recovery functions, removes toxic and harmful substances from the body, and regulates the physiological balance of the human body.

(VI) Fly maggot production is simple and easy

The production of fly maggots does not require any epidemic prevention measures or modern factories. Under the conditions of civil water and electricity equipment, they can be mass-produced by heat preservation, manure supply and escape prevention. They do not produce toxic substances and do not pollute the environment. Fly maggots can be called excellent chemical engineers. According to the current level of human science and technology, it is easy to achieve factory breeding of fly maggots. Fly maggots are resistant to high-density breeding. A 50*50*50m³ fly cage can raise 10,000 to 12,000 adult flies. The domestic large-scale and factory production technology of fly maggots and the preparation technology of fly maggot biochemical products have gradually matured.

(VII) Maggot manure is high-quality organic fertilizer

The livestock and poultry manure treated with maggots is odorless, flies-free, fertile and loose, and is a high-quality organic fertilizer for crops. According to Russian reports, 500 kg of maggot manure can be obtained by treating pig manure with maggots. When pig manure is treated with maggots, the original weed seeds in the pig manure are eaten by maggots and no longer return to the field to harm crops. When maggot manure is used as fertilizer, the soil can get rid of the problems of soil compaction, deterioration of physical properties, and decreased fertility caused by the use of chemical fertilizers. When 20 tons of maggots are applied to 1 hectare of land, compared with the application of a full set of chemical fertilizers, oat production increased by 20%, oat and bean intercropping increased by 18%, and oat production increased by 57% compared with the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers alone. The intercropping of oats and beans is the most amazing, with a production increase of 68% compared with the application of a full set of chemical fertilizers and a production increase of 96% compared with the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, but the increase in potato production is not large.

8. An important part of ecological agriculture

Incorporating fly maggot farming into the material recycling of ecological agriculture can successfully solve the two major problems that plague livestock and poultry, namely manure pollution and shortage of animal protein feed. Livestock and poultry digest and absorb only 25% of feed nutrients, and the rest are lost in the manure. Livestock and poultry manure is rich in nutrients such as protein. Fly maggots can digest and absorb almost all the nutrients lost in the manure and convert them into insect protein. Other insects are unable to do this, but fly maggots can take on this heavy responsibility. Adding the breeding industry to the breeding and planting industries extends the food chain, transforms material energy into a higher quality, and becomes a material that can be used by other higher animals, thus improving resource utilization. Waste is reused in the production process, and the output of one system is the input of another system, forming a stable material benign circulation mechanism within the system, improving the stability and economic benefits of the system.

Almost all current feces treatment technologies can only produce general organic fertilizers, and often do not completely remove the odors, require large investments, and have high operating costs. However, fly maggot biotechnology can simultaneously produce antibacterial high-protein feed and biological organic fertilizers, with fast processing speed, high efficiency, low cost, and thorough deodorization.