CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to raise maggots that fish like to eat, what to use to raise them, and how to preserve maggots?

Fly maggot farming

Fly maggots are used in livestock and poultry breeding. They have good palatability, high conversion rate, and rich nutrition. The nutrition is 1.3 times higher than bean cake. According to analysis, the protein content of fresh maggots is 15.62%, and the maggot powder contains 59% to 63% crude protein and 10% to 20% crude fat, which is similar to the content of imported Peruvian fish meal. The content of each amino acid in maggot dry powder is higher than that of domestic fish meal, the total amount of essential amino acids is 2.3 times that of fish meal, and the lysine content is 2.6 times that of fish meal. In addition, it also contains 17 trace elements such as iron, zinc, and copper. Fly maggots are an ideal high-protein livestock and poultry nutritional additive.

Feed equipment and management of fly species

Maggots come from flies, and maggots must be raised before flies. Flies have a strong reproductive capacity, with a female fly laying 100 to 200 eggs each time, and a pair of flies can reproduce 10 to 20 generations a year, producing 266 billion flies in 4 months, with a cumulative pure protein of more than 600 tons, which is unmatched by other methods of producing animal protein.

1. Design of fly house. Flies should be raised indoors. It is best to build a new fly house in a semi-basement. The breeding room of the fly house does not open directly to the outside. There is a closed corridor inside the house. The corridor is entered from the back door of the studio. Black curtains should be hung on the door to prevent flies from escaping. Screens and heating equipment should be installed on the windows. The room temperature should be kept at 20-30℃, with a minimum of no less than 15℃ and a maximum of no more than 35℃.

2. Main equipment. There are fly cages, food trays, egg-laying trays, and eclosion trays. The fly cage can be made into a 60-80 cm cube with thick iron wire, covered with white gauze, with an operation opening on one side. The size of the opening is suitable for placing food trays and egg trays. A sleeve is made of black cloth at the opening to prevent flies from escaping. Each food tray is equipped with 3-4 medium trays for flies to lick the feed. A small water cup is placed in each cage, and a sponge pad is placed in the cup. An egg-laying primer is placed in the egg-laying tray to induce female flies to lay eggs. The eclosion tray is used to hold the quickly eclosing fly pupae during the generation change.

3. Feeding and management. ① Breeding fly feed: grind the 4-day-old maggots cultured aseptically, add 60% brown sugar, 2% yeast powder and appropriate amount of water to make a paste, and add 0.1% sodium benzoate. ② Egg-laying primer: take bran and add 0.03% ammonium bicarbonate and mix well, or use chicken feces is better. ③ Stocking density: 50,000 to 80,000 flies can be raised per cubic meter of fly cage, usually 10,000 to 20,000. ④ Management method: When the breeding flies are found to have mated, they should be placed in the egg-laying tray 2 days later. The egg-laying primer should be loose and evenly spread, with a thickness of 1 to 2 cm. Breeding flies lay the most eggs between 8 and 15 o'clock every day, and the egg-laying tray should be replaced in time. ⑤ Wintering seed preservation: The fly pupae that have been selected and removed from the inferior can be stored in a container with appropriate temperature, humidity and loose feces, and placed indoors and covered with straw to keep warm and moist.

Main facilities and management of maggot breeding

1. Facilities for raising maggots. At present, there are three forms of maggot raising, namely, maggot raising room, vertical maggot raising rack and maggot raising basin. Maggot raising room can be raised in semi-underground form indoors. The bottom and wall of the pool should be plastered with cement to prevent seepage and prevent maggots from climbing up. It is best to paste a layer of 3 cm thick glass on the four walls. A 5-8 cm wide small ditch should also be set around the pool to prevent ants and adjust humidity. The room temperature should not exceed 35℃. The vertical maggot raising rack can be welded with steel bars or made of cement into a three-dimensional or stepped type. The height of the maggot raising basin should be 10-20 cm (the surface of the basin should be smooth) and the internal filling material should be 5-8 cm.

2. Preparation of raising feed: 50% to 60% fresh chicken manure or pig manure, 35% to 45% bran, 5% coarse bran, mix the three materials evenly, and prepare a raising feed with a water content of about 65%, and adjust the pH value to 6.5 to 7.

3. Inoculate and hatch. Inoculate 1 gram of fly eggs per kilogram of culture medium and evenly spread them on the surface of the culture medium in the maggot breeding basin. After 8 to 12 hours, they will hatch into maggots. Keep the temperature of the culture medium stable and no water should be accumulated.

4. Separate and collect. Collect the maggots when they turn yellow after 5 days. Take advantage of the maggots' fear of light, place the maggot breeding basin under strong light, use a dung shovel to move the maggots from the bottom, and finally remove the nutrients on the upper layer and sieve them out with a 10-16 mesh sieve. Wash the maggots and use them fresh or process them for later use.

5. Usage of fly maggots. In addition to feeding livestock and poultry directly, the remaining fresh maggots produced daily can be dried in an oven at 200-250℃ for 15-20 minutes, and then ground into maggot powder for winter ingredients. The general addition amount is about 5%.

Artificial breeding of fly maggots to feed eels

Yellow eel, also known as eel, is becoming more and more popular because of its high nutritional value and medicinal value. In recent years, the breeding, consumption and export of yellow eel have become popular. Yellow eel is a carnivorous animal and prefers live bait. Maggots are the larvae of flies and are a good feed for fish breeding, especially suitable for

The breeding of eels. Production practice shows that fly maggots are one of the high-quality live baits that eels like to eat. If they are fed regularly, eels grow rapidly and have high yields. However, simply collecting wild fly maggots is far from meeting the needs of eel breeding and production. Therefore, artificial breeding and cultivation are necessary.

1. Breeding significance

1.1 Maggots are animals with high nutritional value: According to relevant information, the protein content of maggots is 55-63.1%, fat accounts for 13.4%, sugar accounts for 15%, ash accounts for 6.6%, and the amino acid content is very rich. 18 kinds have been measured, among which the total amount of essential amino acids is 2.3 times that of fish meal, and methionine and lysine are 2.7 times and 2.6 times that of fish meal respectively. It also contains vitamins and minerals necessary for the growth of eels.

1.2 Maggots are suitable for artificial breeding: Maggots are the larvae of flies, and flies have strong reproductive capacity. It is estimated that a pair of flies can breed 200 billion maggots in 4 months, which can accumulate more than 600 tons of pure protein. Moreover, the cycle is short, the reproduction is fast, the yield is high, and the method is simple. As long as a small area is used, a large number of maggots can be reproduced in a short period of time.

1.3 Feeding eels with fly maggots can alleviate feed shortages and reduce feed costs: fly maggots cause little pollution to water bodies, and their raw materials only require some feces, by-product scraps, etc. The facilities are simple and the source of raw materials is wide. Breeding fly maggots is low-cost, quick to take effect, and high in yield, and is a better way to solve the problem of eel feed.

2. Artificial breeding methods of fly maggots

2.1 Method of attracting flies and raising maggots: In summer, flies have strong reproductive capacity. You can choose a sunny place outdoors or in the courtyard, dig a small pit with a depth of 0.5 meters, a length and a width of 1 meter, build it with bricks, and then smooth it with cement. Use wooden boards or prefabricated cement boards as the upper cover, install light-transmitting windows, and seal the windows with glass or transparent plastic cloth. Then open a small opening with a length of 17 cm and a width of 7 cm, and place small animal corpses or human and animal feces in the pool to lure flies into it to lay maggots. It should be noted that flies cannot be allowed to fly out. Fresh feces are the best feed for flies, which has a better effect. After about 10 days, each pool can produce about 6 kilograms of maggots, which are not only large but also fat. They can be fished out and fed to eels.

2.2 Maggot breeding method: This method is to mix garbage, alcohol, turf, chicken feathers, etc. into a paste, pile it into a small mound, seal it with mud, and after about 10 days, a large number of maggots will be produced. This method is simple and easy.

2.3 Tofu dregs method: Put 25 kg of tofu dregs and dishwashing water into a tank and mix well. After 3-5 days, a large number of maggots will naturally breed in the tank. Take out the maggots and mix them into the feed to feed the eels. At the same time, you can also ferment the tofu dregs, put them into the pit, add some rice washing water, stir and seal the pit. After about 5-7 days, a large number of fly maggots will also be produced.

2.4 Cow dung method for breeding maggots: Mix the dried and crushed cow dung with rice bran, pile it into small piles with sludge, and cover it with straw mats. After about 10 days, a large number of small maggots will also grow. Turn over the soil pile, gently separate the maggots, and then pile the raw materials. After a few days, many fly maggots will be produced again.

3. Method for breeding fly maggots

3.1 Equipment requirements for fly and maggot breeding

3.1.1 Indoor requirements: The size of the fly breeding room should be determined based on the number of flies to be raised. Generally, a fly breeding room of about 30 square meters is divided into three layers, which can hold about 60 fly cages, raise 600,000 houseflies, and produce more than 30 kilograms of fresh maggots per day. The maggot breeding room can be similar in size to the fly breeding room, or smaller. However, it must have insulation conditions to ensure that flies and maggots can be raised all year round.

3.1.2 Fly cage construction: Use iron wire or wooden strips to make a frame with a length, width and height of about 50 cm (can raise 10,000 breeding flies), and use fine mesh or gauze as a net cover. Leave a 12-15 cm operation hole on one side. In order to prevent flies from flying out and polluting the environment, gauze can be used to add a 30 cm long sleeve. Each cage is equipped with a plastic cup, 3-4 food trays, and an egg-laying tank.

3.1.3 Fly maggot culture tray: The culture tray is generally 65 cm long, 45 cm wide and 10 cm high. Its size should be determined according to the number of fly maggots to be cultured.

3.1.4 Separation screen: It is best to use a 10-mesh wire screen.

3.1.5 Support: Several supports for fly cages and culture trays, which can be made of bamboo, wood or iron.

3.2 Species of Flies

my country has bred a fine variety of housefly, the Beijing housefly. It has strong reproductive capacity, fast growth and short production cycle. A housefly can lay 1,500 eggs in its lifetime. The eggs hatch into young flies in 8-12 hours, the young flies mature and pupate in 5-6 days, the pupae emerge again in 3-4 days, the adult flies lay eggs in 4-5 days, and one generation (i.e. one production cycle) is completed in 12-15 days. In addition, high-quality fly species can also be introduced from abroad.

3.3 Food

3.3.1 Adult fly food: 55% maggot pulp (crushed fresh maggots), 5% brewer's yeast, 40% sugar, add water and mix evenly, stir into a paste; you can also use 49% whole milk powder, 49% sugar, 2% dry yeast, add water and mix evenly, stir into a paste.

3.3.2 Maggot breeding feed (i.e. culture medium): materials can be obtained locally and mixed in various ways, such as livestock and poultry manure mixed with a small amount of sugar bran; peanut cakes or bean cakes mixed with cow manure; waste water and waste from slaughtered animals mixed with bran, bran, and dregs; bean curd dregs mixed with pig scraps; porridge mixed with wine lees or fine bran, etc.

3.4 Production process: After the fly cage is built, the fly pupae that are about to emerge can be placed in the fly cage, and the water cup and food tray are placed at the same time. The temperature in the cage should be maintained at 24-30°C and the humidity at 50%-80%. At about 9 am every day, take out the food tray and water cup in the fly cage, clean them, replace them with fresh food and water, and put them in the cage. When the male and female flies begin to mate, put them in the egg-laying tank (with appropriate amount of bait in the tank). Take the fly eggs once a day and move them to the fly maggot culture base (which can be done at the same time as changing the feed). The feed in the tray is 5-6 cm thick and the humidity is 55%-60%. 4 grams of fly eggs can be placed in every 5 kg of feed. The feed temperature is preferably 30-35°C. As the fly maggots grow, the temperature can be appropriately lowered. When the weather is dry, it is also necessary to pay attention to spraying fresh water frequently. The temperature of the fly maggot culture room should be maintained at about 22-25°C. After about 4 days of cultivation, the fly eggs become fly maggots. At this point the maggots can be separated from the food in the culture medium.

3.5 Notes: After more than 20 days of breeding, adult flies can be eliminated. All food in the cage should be removed to let them starve to death. Then, the cage should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected before the breeding flies are put back in. During the operation, individual adult flies should be prevented from flying out of the cage or outdoors. If there are any, they should be killed immediately. Except for the planned eclosion of breeding flies, maggots should be swept away to prevent them from becoming pupae. Dichlorvos and other lethal drugs should not be used indoors.

Fly maggot farming

A. Living habits of houseflies Houseflies are kept at room temperature of 20-30℃ and relative humidity of 60%-80%. After five days of development, the pupa changes from soft to hard, from beige, light brown, dark brown to black, and finally the adult fly breaks out of the shell from the front end of the pupa. The newly emerged adult fly can only crawl, not fly. One hour later, it spreads its wings and starts to eat and drink water. The adult fly is active during the day and stays still at night. After three days, it matures sexually, and the male and female begin to mate and lay eggs. The peak egg-laying period is 1-8 days old, and the egg-laying ability is basically lost at 25 days old. The fly eggs hatch into maggots in half a day to a day, and the maggots are cultivated in the medium, and generally become pupae on the fifth day. A generation of flies is about 28 days. Temperature and nutrients in maggot bait have a great influence on the growth and development of maggots. Generally, the room temperature is within the range of 20-30℃. The higher the temperature and nutrients, the faster the maggots grow and develop, and the larger the pupae become.

B. Breeding of breeding flies Breeding flies should be raised in a fly house. The size of the breeding fly house can be built according to the needs, and it can also be modified from an old house. Glass and screens should be installed on the doors and windows to facilitate temperature adjustment, and fans should be installed on the walls to adjust the air. There should be heating equipment in the room to keep the temperature at 20-23℃ in winter and the relative humidity in the room at 60%-70%. Black curtains should be installed on the passage to prevent the breeding flies from escaping. There are breeding racks in the room, which are divided into upper, middle and lower layers. The breeding racks are made of iron or wood. Each layer of the rack is placed with a fly cage made of nylon gauze, which is 100 cm long and 80 cm high. The breeding flies are kept in the cages for breeding. Each cage can hold 12,000 breeding flies. Each cage is covered with cloth sleeves for adding feed, water and collecting eggs. 12,000 adult flies are fed 20 grams of milk powder every day. The feed is placed in a feed basin with gauze padding, and the adult flies are allowed to stand on the gauze to suck. The feed and water are changed once a day. Put gauze in the basin, put wet wheat bran in the egg-laying basket for the fly species to lay eggs, collect eggs from the fly cage once a day and send them to the maggot room for breeding. The number of eggs laid by the fly species is the largest from 8 am to 3 pm every day, so the time for collecting eggs should be appropriate. Each batch of fly species is eliminated after 15-20 days of breeding, killed with hot water or steam, dried and ground into powder for livestock and poultry feed, and then replaced with a new batch. While producing fly maggots, the fly maggots pupate. There are two ways to make new fly species: one is to let them pupate naturally and wash out the pupae with water; the other is to take out the fly maggots and put them into dry powder when the maggots turn yellow after about 5-6 days of breeding to promote pupation.

C. Cultivation of fly maggots Fly maggots can be cultivated in a maggot breeding pool with a brick side height of 20 cm and an area of ​​1-3 square meters, or in a plastic tray with bamboo and wood frames. A plastic tray with a diameter of 50 cm can breed 1.5 kg of maggots with only 3 kg of wheat bran. After 3-4 days of breeding, it can be collected and used. The source of maggot breeding feed is relatively wide, and the cost of different maggot feeds varies. You can choose reasonably. Wheat bran has high nutritional content and a slightly higher price. It is generally used to breed fly species. Cheap wine troughs, bean dregs, etc. can be used as commercial maggot feed. If wheat bran is used as maggot feed, generally 1 kg of wheat bran can produce 0.5 kg of fly maggots. When using it, it needs to be shaken with water. The dryness and wetness should be such that water comes out when squeezed by hand and it is suitable to fall apart when touched (water content 60%-65%). If semi-dry and wet materials such as wine troughs and bean dregs are used, it can be cultivated without adding water. Specific maggot breeding operation method: Pour the egg-laying and wheat bran materials into a plate, add wine trough, bean dregs or wheat bran and other maggot materials, and mix them evenly. Note that the fly eggs should not be exposed on the surface of the maggot material to avoid water loss and loss of vitality. The thickness of the maggot material is based on the fermentation temperature in the maggot material not higher than 40℃ and not lower than 20℃, generally 5-10 cm. In summer, when the temperature is high, the maggot material should be appropriately thinner, and in winter, when the temperature is low, the maggot material can be appropriately thicker. If human and animal feces are used, bacteria and parasites must be killed before use. The ratio of material to maggots is, for example, 3.5-4 kg of chicken manure generally produces 0.5 kg of fresh maggots. Regardless of which raw material is used to raise maggots, the dryness and humidity of the maggot material should be controlled at 60%-65%.

D. Collection of fly maggots: maggots are afraid of light and can be collected by scraping the surface of the drinking water in the maggot breeding pool with a dung shovel. The maggots will drill into the water and remove the dung on the surface. This method is repeated many times. Finally, a small amount of dung and a small amount of fly maggots are left. The separated fly maggots can be washed and directly used to feed livestock and poultry. They can be dried at 200-250℃ for 15-20 minutes and stored for later use.

1. Generally fed with a mixture of sawdust and fish meal!

Keep at low temperature!