CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Where is the fly breeding base? (Where is the fly breeding base?)

1. What is the most suitable fly species for breeding?

The activity of housefly maggots is not as strong as that of blowflies, so it is difficult to collect them. In addition, the outer skin of housefly maggots is tough, and it is difficult to digest and absorb them if they are not dried and ground into powder, so they are not suitable for fresh feeding. Blowflies have higher requirements for temperature than houseflies. If the temperature is not kept warm in winter, there will be no production. However, if the temperature is suitable, the production will be high and easy to collect. At present, fly maggot farming is mainly based on blowflies.

2. What are the correct methods and precautions for breeding flies?

1. Design of fly house. Flies should be raised indoors, and it is best to build a new fly house in a semi-basement. The breeding room of the fly house does not open directly to the outside. There is a closed corridor in the house, which leads to the corridor from the back door of the studio. Black curtains should be hung on the door to prevent flies from escaping. Screens and heating equipment should be installed on the windows. The room temperature should be kept at 20-30℃, with a minimum of no less than 15℃ and a maximum of no more than 35℃.

2. Main equipment for flies. There are fly cages, food trays, egg-laying trays, and eclosion trays. The fly cage can be made into a 60-80 cm cube with thick iron wire, covered with white gauze, with an operation opening on one side. The size of the opening is suitable for placing food trays and egg trays. A sleeve is made of black cloth at the opening to prevent flies from escaping. Each food tray is equipped with 3-4 medium trays for flies to lick the feed. A small water cup is placed in each cage, and a sponge pad is placed in the cup. An egg-laying primer is placed in the egg-laying tray to induce female flies to lay eggs. The eclosion tray is used to hold the quickly eclosing fly pupae during the generation change.

3. Fly breeding and management. ① Breeding fly feed: grind the 4-day-old maggots cultured aseptically, add 60% brown sugar, 2% yeast powder and appropriate amount of water to make a paste, and add 0.1% sodium benzoate. ② Egg-laying primer: take bran and add 0.03% ammonium bicarbonate and mix well, or use chicken feces is better. ③ Stocking density: 50,000 to 80,000 flies per cubic meter of fly cage, generally 10,000 to 20,000. ④ Management method: When the breeding flies are found to be mating, they are placed in the egg-laying tray 2 days later. The egg-laying primer should be loose and evenly spread, with a thickness of 1 to 2 cm. Breeding flies lay the most eggs between 8 and 15 o'clock every day, and the egg-laying tray should be replaced in time. ⑤ Winter seed preservation: The fly pupae that have been selected and removed from the inferior can be stored in a container with appropriate temperature, humidity and loose feces, and placed indoors and covered with straw to keep warm and moist.

Key points for breeding and reproduction of flies

The use of plastic greenhouses to raise flies can easily meet these characteristic requirements of flies during reproduction, and its advantages are as follows:

1. The breeding temperature is significantly increased. There is no need for special heating facilities for flies. In spring, summer and autumn, the temperature in the shed can be easily maintained at 27-30℃. By rolling up and covering the straw curtains on the roof, the temperature increase and decrease measures are simple and easy, and the breeding cost is almost not increased. Even in the cold winter, the temperature in the shed can reach an average of about 20℃.

2. Stable humidity is easy to maintain. To raise flies in ordinary houses, you need to constantly sprinkle water on the ground to maintain a certain humidity. In the plastic greenhouse, because of its good airtightness and the ground not hardened with cement, there is no need to sprinkle water or specially adjust the humidity.

3. Sufficient light In the plastic greenhouse, lift the straw curtain on the roof, and the sunlight filtered by the plastic film will illuminate the entire greenhouse, making it simple and easy to maintain light.

3. What is the difference between green-headed flies and red-headed flies?

The red-headed fly belongs to the family Calliphoridae, Lucilia sericata, and is domesticated from wild Lucilia sericata. It is the main species currently cultivated artificially.

The larvae of the green-headed fly, Calliphora vicina Robineall, mainly feed on corpses, breeding in piles of bones, hair, animal carcasses and decaying matter. The larvae hibernate in garbage or bone piles in winter. Adults usually appear in spring and late autumn and are outdoor flies.

4. Shandong fly breeding technology?

The use of cage nets to raise flies in ordinary houses has been a commonly used technology in China in recent years.

This technology requires heating facilities to be installed in the room. Otherwise, when the indoor temperature in autumn, winter and spring does not reach 27 degrees Celsius, the reproduction capacity of flies will be seriously reduced. When the room heating temperature is low, especially in the north, flies have to be pupated to survive the winter, which causes the fly breeding to be interrupted and the economic benefits to decline sharply.

Breeding flies in plastic greenhouses has successfully solved this problem. It allows flies to be produced continuously all year round, increasing breeding efficiency several times, making it a very promising technology.

Flies have the following requirements in terms of temperature, humidity and light:

The most suitable temperature for flies is 27℃～30℃. At 8～12℃, flies can move, but cannot mate or stand on food. They can only land on the ceiling and walls and do not like to move. At -5℃, they die in 3～5 days. Fly larvae require higher temperatures than adults. The most suitable temperature for their fastest development is 35℃. They stop moving at -1～2℃ and die at -5～6℃. When the temperature is too high (45～55℃), their growth rate is reduced by half compared with normal temperature.

Fly larvae require a food temperature of 30-35℃. In terms of humidity, adult flies require an indoor humidity of 55%-60%. When the humidity is too high, the legs and body of flies are easily wet and hinder their activities. The humidity required during the growth period of larvae is 65%-70%. Flies like to move around in bright places. The brighter the light, the more active they are. Artificially bred flies should be equipped with lighting in the room, with more than 10 hours of light per day.

The use of plastic greenhouses to raise flies can easily meet these characteristic requirements of flies during reproduction, and its advantages are as follows:

1. The feeding temperature is significantly increased

Without the need for special heating facilities, the temperature in the shed can be easily maintained at 27-30℃ in spring, summer and autumn. By rolling up and covering the straw curtains on the roof, the temperature increase and decrease measures are simple and easy, and almost no increase in breeding costs. Even in the cold winter, the temperature in the shed can reach an average of about 20℃.

2. Humidity is stable and easy to maintain

To raise flies in ordinary houses, you need to constantly sprinkle water on the ground to maintain a certain humidity. However, in a plastic greenhouse, because of its good airtightness and the fact that the ground is not hardened with cement, there is no need to sprinkle water or specially adjust the humidity.

3. Adequate lighting

In the plastic greenhouse, lift the straw curtain on the roof, and the sunlight filtered by the plastic film will illuminate the entire greenhouse, making lighting maintenance simple and easy.

The area of ​​the greenhouse can be determined according to the size of the breeding. There are two ways to raise flies in a plastic greenhouse: one is to set up a three-dimensional gauze net in the greenhouse and raise flies in the net; the other is to raise flies in the greenhouse, stack a certain amount of straw and straw rope in the greenhouse, and regard each greenhouse as a cage. This method requires more investment than the previous method, occupies a large area, and has a low breeding density.

The breeding method of setting up gauze in the greenhouse generally builds a plastic greenhouse with a length of 20 meters, a width of 4 meters, a low wall height of 2 meters, and a high wall height of 3 meters, with 3 layers of gauze.

How to raise adult flies:

Breeding cage: The cage frame is 50×50×50 cm in size, with a gauze of the same size tied on it. In the center of one end of the gauze is a cloth sleeve with a diameter of about 20 cm and a length of 33 cm, which is used to take flies out and change food.

A feeding dish (7-9 cm in diameter) is filled with sugar for adult flies to eat, or a piece of water-soaked foam plastic is placed inside it to provide a water source for adult flies, which can also be used to attract eggs.

8,000 to 10,000 adult flies are raised in each cage. Whether it is newly collected adult flies or adult flies that have just emerged, sugar and water must be provided in time to prevent them from starving to death. Adult flies lay eggs 3 to 5 times in their lifetime, up to 10 times, and each time they lay 100 to 150 to 300 eggs.

Larvae rearing method: First place the feed in the rearing box with a thickness of no more than 4 cm. Then use a worm shovel to slowly place the trapped fly eggs (one-day-old larvae) on the feed in the rearing box. The young maggots will slowly disperse and drill into the feed. When the larvae eat the feed, they generally eat from top to bottom. If the humidity or temperature in the box is high, or the feed is insufficient, or the insect density is too high, the young maggots will crawl out. The breeder should check at any time and take timely measures such as adding feed or lowering the temperature or humidity.

5. What is the difference between houseflies and flies?

Their differences are mainly reflected in three aspects: species, growth stage, and breeding, as follows:

1. Different species

Housefly is an animal belonging to the kingdom Animalia, phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta, order Diptera, family Muscidae, genus Musca, species Musca; while fly is an animal belonging to the kingdom Animalia, phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta, order Diptera, suborder Cyclospora, family Muscidae, genus Musca, species Musca.

2. Different growth stages

Houseflies consist of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult; while flies consist of five stages: egg, larva, pre-pupa, pupa, and adult.

3. Different breeding methods

Housefly farming is relatively easy to control artificially; however, fly farming is difficult to control and can be said to be uncontrollable.

6. How long is the growth period of flies?

Temperature: (25-30℃)

Generally, it is best to feed the fly eggs 3 days after hatching.

After a week, it turns into a cocoon

Flies can lay tens of thousands of eggs in 30 days

Of course, it is not okay to only feed maggots.

Fly maggots are just high-protein food (can prolong the ovulation period of laying hens (increase egg production, you can add a little more fly maggots to laying hen feed) and you need to supplement other nutrients.

Here is an introduction to the specific breeding methods of fly maggots.

1. Cultivation tools: General household plastic basins, plastic buckets and other containers can be used, the four walls must be relatively smooth, and the depth of the basin must be greater than 25 cm.

2. Selection and preparation of egg-sucking materials and collection and cultivation of fly eggs. If there is fresh chicken manure, you can directly use fresh chicken manure as egg-sucking materials to collect fly eggs. The method is: put fresh chicken manure in a basin. If the chicken manure is too dry, sprinkle a little water on it. Put it in a place where there are many flies in the wild. It should be placed in a cool place as much as possible. If the sun is too strong, use shade to shade it. Generally, flies will gather and lay eggs immediately after putting it in. Take back the egg-sucking materials every afternoon. You can see that there are clumps of fly eggs on the surface of the chicken manure. You should immediately cover it with corn manure or wheat bran mixed with water to ensure that the egg masses have a certain humidity. You can see many small maggots the next day, and you can raise them in separate basins.

The method of raising maggots is to first spread wheat bran or corn flour mixed with water about 3-5 cm thick in the basin, and then put the hatched maggots together with the egg sucking material on the wheat bran or corn flour. After eating the egg sucking material, the maggots will quickly drill into the feed below. Under normal circumstances, they can grow into large maggots in 3 days. The powder used for raising maggots can be fermented or used directly. If rice bran is used to raise maggots, it must be fermented, and the rice bran must be of good quality. The "rice bran" that is completely rice husk will not have a good effect on raising maggots.

The yield of fly maggots can be increased through fermentation. Generally, 1 catties of wheat bran can produce about 0.5 catties of maggots, and 1 catties of corn flour can produce 0.4 catties of maggots. By adding waste such as pig blood, the yield can be increased by about 1 times. The powder after mixing with water is easy to heat up, so the thickness of the powder in the basin should not be too thick to prevent the fly maggots from being killed by heat. The maggot basin should be placed in a place with a higher temperature (25-30℃) but slightly dim light.

3. Cage management of flies. Using this method to collect fly eggs will not increase the number of wild flies, and long-term use will gradually reduce the number of flies in the wild. However, in some densely populated areas, in order to avoid causing people's disgust, especially if you want to use red-headed flies for breeding, the flies can be caged.

4. Separation of fly maggots. There are several methods for separating fly maggots. (1) Separation between large and small pots. Place a smaller plastic pot in a larger pot, wet the four walls of the small pot with a wet cloth, pour the maggots and feed into the small pot to a thickness of about 2 cm, and the fly maggots will crawl along the pot wall into the large pot.

(2) Photo separation method. Place a sieve with holes large enough for maggots to drill through on a plastic basin, add water to wet the maggot feed and pour it into the sieve. The thickness should not exceed 2 cm. Place it in the sun. Since maggots are afraid of light, they will try their best to drill down and fall into the basin below. (3) If there is a maggot breeding room, pour it into the maggot breeding pool and let it separate automatically.

7. How to raise engineered flies?

As we all know, flies are insects that can transmit a variety of bacterial viruses. They can bring germs to food and cause harm to human health. Therefore, flies have always been the target of elimination. Flies often appear in the dirtiest places, so why don't they get sick? This phenomenon gives scientists an inspiration. Studies have found that flies contain a variety of antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides and other antibacterial substances, which can resist or even kill bacteria. We can use them reasonably, do a good job of prevention, and benefit mankind. Experiments have shown that fly maggots do not contain any toxins and can be eaten safely. They also have a high protein content and a high vitamin E content. Dried fly maggots can be used as protein feed for poultry, aquatic products and other animals, and are favored by the majority of breeders. There are many varieties of flies, and the ones with the highest nutritional protein content and breeding output are "engineered flies."

1. The growth process of flies

The growth process of flies is divided into four stages: egg, maggot (larva), pupa, and fly (adult).

1. Eggs: After the flies hatch, they will be raised artificially for 3 to 5 days before mating, reproduction and egg laying. The egg-laying period is 5-10 days. The egg-laying feed should be fermented in advance, and the moisture content and ratio should be controlled. After the fly eggs are extracted, they will be immediately placed in the hatching room for hatching. The temperature, humidity and ventilation time of the hatching room should be adjusted according to the season. The hatching time of the fly eggs is generally 8-24 hours. After hatching, they can be prepared for breeding in the fly maggot pool.

Fly breeding and management methods

Fly breeding technology

2. Maggots (larvae): Sowing is distributed according to the density of hatched larvae (Note: If the larval density is too small, the larvae will grow large, but the yield will be too low. If the density is too large, the nutrition will be insufficient and the maggots will become smaller). The ratio of the base material for sowing in the maggot pool should be required (the moisture content of fresh pig manure should not be too much or too little. If the base material is not properly controlled, it will seriously affect the development and growth of the larvae and even cause death). Maggots mature in about 4 days in summer and about 6-8 days in winter. According to the current maggot breeding technology, maggots can be bred all year round.

3. Pupa: When the fly maggots mature, they crawl into a drier environment, shrinking back and forth to become pupae, and their body color changes from light to dark, and finally to chestnut brown. It takes 2-4 days for the maggots to become pupae. The thick maggot pupae can be kept as seeds to ensure the reproduction rate of the next generation and extend the egg-laying period, and cycle breeding.

4. Flies: When the body color of the pupa changes to chestnut brown or black, flies begin to hatch. At this time, we must gently put the pupa into the fly net of the fly room. The number of pupae to be released depends on the size of the fly net, and the density cannot be too high. The front end of the pupa shell breaks, and the flies crawl out from the break. They need to go through five stages of "stationary - crawling - stretching the body - spreading wings - hardening the body wall" to develop into adult flies with the ability to fly, feed and reproduce. After the peak period of fly egg-laying, the flies are generally processed within 12-16 days and replaced with a new generation.

2. Breeding technology of fly species

1. Fly breeding room. The indoor air should be fresh, the temperature should be maintained at 24-30 degrees Celsius, the relative humidity should be 50%-70%, and the light should be more than 10 hours a day. The room should be equipped with fly cages, cage racks, thermometers and humidity meters, and heating, exhaust, and escape prevention equipment.

2. Fly cage production. Use thick iron wire or bamboo strips to make a square fly cage with a height and width of 50 cm, and cover it with plastic mesh. Leave a 20 cm diameter operating hole on one side, and slit the hole with a 30 cm long cloth tube, which is usually tied tightly. Put three layers of fly cages on the cage frame, and each cage can raise 10,000 to 15,000 breeding flies.

3. Source of breeding flies. The first batch of sterile flies can be introduced from the demonstration base or bred by wild flies. The method is to breed maggots into pupae or to sterilize the pupae dug up, and then select the plump ones (not big-headed flies) and put them into the breeding cage to hatch into sterile fly seeds.

4. Feeding method. The purpose of cage breeding is to let female flies lay eggs in a concentrated manner. There are four trays or tanks with different functions in the cage: the first is the water tray: it is used to provide drinking water for the flies, and it is changed every day. The second is the food tray: it is a nutritious food made of sterile maggot pulp, brown sugar, yeast, preservatives, and water, and it is changed every day. The third is the egg-laying tank: the tank is filled with a mixture of bran, water and attractants to lure female flies to lay eggs in a concentrated manner. The feed and eggs are moved into the larval breeding basin every day and replaced with new feed. The fourth is the eclosion tank: it is used to place the eclosion pupae when changing generations.

6. Elimination of breeding flies. Implement the all-in, all-out breeding method, that is, all 20-day-old breeding flies are killed, and then processed into fly powder for use. The fly cages are disinfected and then used to breed the next batch of new breeding flies.

3. Breeding technology of fly maggots

1. Maggot breeding room. Similar to the fly breeding room, the room temperature is maintained at 26-35 degrees Celsius, the humidity is 65%-70%, and there are maggot breeding racks, maggot breeding basins, thermometers and humidity meters, as well as heating facilities. Larvae are afraid of light and do not need light.

2. Breeding method: First, fill the maggot breeding basin with a 5-8 cm thick mixed feed made mainly of poultry and livestock manure, with a humidity of 65%-70%. Then, add 1 gram of fly eggs per 1 kg of food. After 8-12 hours, the eggs will hatch into maggots. Every 1 kg of pig manure can breed 0.5 kg of maggots.

3. Separation of maggots and feces. After 5 days of rearing, maggots are mature. Except for those that need to be turned into pupae for seed, the maggots used as feed should be collected and used. The method is to use the "strong light screen method" or "hypoxia method" to force them to escape from the food for separation. The remaining maggots after fresh feeding are dried and processed into maggot powder, which can be used as a substitute for fish meal to prepare mixed feed for pupae selection. After the maggots turn into pupae, use a screen to separate the pupae material, and then select the large and plump ones for seed. The pupae that are not used temporarily can be stored in the refrigerator for 15 days. In winter, the seed pupae should be moved indoors to keep warm for the winter.

The process of breeding flies with pig manure

4. Process of breeding flies with pig manure

1. Put the maggot larvae into the pond: use 100 kg of fresh pig manure, squeeze 20 kg of manure, squeeze the manure according to the humidity ratio of the pig manure, stir evenly, rake 1.5-2 square meters, and gently sprinkle the maggot seeds on the base material (in winter, squeeze the manure and spread it about 3 centimeters to keep warm).

2. Add fresh pig manure to the maggot pool twice a day for three consecutive days, and prepare for separation on the fifth day. Loosen the manure and maggots in the maggot pool, dry them, and start separating pig manure from maggots on the sixth day.

3. Separation of fly maggots: There are many methods for separating fly maggots: separation by strong light irradiation, water separation, feeding separation, strong light screen separation and manual operation separation. We generally adopt the manual separation method, because fly maggots have the characteristics of negative phototropism and like to drill into the matrix. The breeder can use a broom to peel off the surface pig manure layer by layer, and then a large number of maggots can be obtained at the bottom layer, and finally filtered with a ten-mesh filter.

4. After the fly maggots are collected, they are cleaned, disinfected and microwave-dried (4 catties of fresh maggots can be dried into 1 catties of dried fly maggots). Refined feed protein is widely used in animal husbandry and aquaculture. It is a high-quality, high-protein professional breeding feed, filling the gap in fly maggots as animal protein at home and abroad.

5. The moisture content of fresh pig manure produced by the pig farm every day is about 85%. After five days of biological transformation and consumption by maggots, the moisture content of the pig manure is reduced to about 50%, which greatly shortens the water evaporation and pig manure fermentation cycle.

6. Because about 10% of the maggots cannot be completely separated during the separation process, it has a certain protein content, which increases the nutrient concentration of organic matter by 72.21%, arsenic by 1.0, chromium by 23.2, cadmium by 0.25, mercury by 0.24, pH by 7.7, total nitrogen by 2.44%, and total phosphorus by 4.22%. After a second fermentation, the high-quality organic compound fertilizer produced through processes such as drying, baking, and granulation has reached the national crop ecological standards.

5. Precautions for fly breeding

1. Do not cut off water or food, otherwise it will have a serious impact on the fly's egg-laying and even cause the fly's death.

2. The temperature and humidity in the fly room must be controlled, the fly net and feeding trough must be clean, and the room must be ventilated.

3. Non-staff members are strictly prohibited from entering the fly house to prevent infection by germs.

4. Staff members are not allowed to use insecticides such as fly killers at home to prevent flies from chronic poisoning and death.