CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What are the techniques and varieties of angelfish breeding?

1. Introduction to swiftlet breeding technology and varieties?

Types: White Angelfish, Black Angelfish, Gray Angelfish, Marbled Angelfish, Semi-black Angelfish, Mandarin Duck Angelfish, Tricolor Angelfish, Gilt-head Angelfish, Glass Angelfish, Diamond Angelfish, Panda Angelfish, Red-eyed Angelfish. Breeding: Swallowfish is a typical tropical fish that requires high temperature, high oxygen, and high water quality.

1. First, prepare the water. Add gentamicin powder before putting the fish in. Leave it on for three days in a row. Control the water temperature at around 25-26 degrees. Provide sufficient oxygen, and then put the angelfish in.

2. The water temperature for angelfish is generally controlled between 24 and 28 degrees Celsius. Within this temperature range, angelfish have a strong appetite and grow rapidly. They are not affected by changes in external temperature and always maintain a relatively stable state. The baits for angelfish include fish worms, water earthworms, fiber worms, mealworms, small live fish, granular feed, etc.

3. When raising swallow fish, you generally only need to feed them 1-2 times a day, and the amount of food should be enough for them to eat within 5-10 minutes.

2. What are the various tilapia varieties and key points of breeding techniques?

Different varieties of tilapia have different growth performances. Their growth levels are from high to low: Nile tilapia, Aurelia tilapia, Mozambique tilapia. Some hybrid tilapia varieties grow faster, and males grow faster than females. Tilapia varieties should be selected during the breeding process.

The species that are more suitable for breeding in Jiangcheng County include GIFT tilapia, which is a hybrid of 4 African Nile tilapia strains and 4 Asian Nile tilapia strains. Tilapia grows very fast and has a high feed utilization rate. In addition, Oni tilapia is also suitable for breeding in Jiangcheng County. This tilapia has a high male rate and a high catch rate.

In the breeding process, water resources should be fully utilized, and the breeding density should not be too large or too small. The breeding management methods are slightly different at different breeding periods. In the standard flowering period, which is 30-40 days from the beginning of the water bloom, the average weight of tilapia in this period generally reaches 20-50 grams, and the stocking density in one acre of pond should be controlled at about 10,000.

From 20-50 grams, it is the standard thickening period of breeding, this period is a total of 40-60 days, during this stage, the average weight of tilapia reaches 150-250 grams, and the stocking density of one acre of pond is about 3,000. From 150-250 grams, it is the adult stage of tilapia, the adult stage is a total of 60-90 days, when the average weight of tilapia reaches 600-750 grams, it can be caught and put on the market. The stocking density in the pond during the adult stage should be reduced to about 1,500 per acre.

The feeding of feed during the breeding process should also be determined according to the actual situation. Artificial feeding is generally adopted in the standard flowering period, feeding 3-6 times a day, using open feed and mature powdered feed, screened through a 1mm sieve to prevent the feed particles from being too large and affecting the fry. The crude protein content of the feed should be greater than 32%. In the standard coarse period, feeding is mainly carried out by feeding machines. The feed uses standard coarse king and mature granular feed. The diameter of the feed is controlled at about 2.5mm, the crude protein content is greater than 30%, and the feeding rule is 2-3 times a day.

In the adult stage, the feeding should be divided into two times. In the early stage, the standard coarse king is fed, and in the later stage, the king tilapia is fed. Both are mature pellet feeds. Use a machine to feed twice a day. When the tilapia grows to 150 grams, it is necessary to start feeding health feeds. King tilapia is usually used, which can regulate the liver and gallbladder function of tilapia, improve the immunity of fish, and reduce diseases. In the process of feeding, it is necessary to keep records, record the number of feedings per day, the amount of feeding, etc., and make good adjustments and management of the feed plan.

3. What are the common diseases and key points of prevention and control techniques in tilapia farming?

Tilapia has strong disease resistance and is generally not prone to disease during farming, but some common diseases may occur due to management and other reasons. In addition, during the wintering period of tilapia, it is also prone to disease due to low water temperature, high density and poor water quality.

Here are some common diseases and how to prevent them:

Saprolegniasis

(1) Saprolegniasis (skin fungus disease) Common pathogens of Saprolegniasis in my country include new-shaped Saprolegnia, abnormal Saprolegnia, homofilamentous Saprolegnia, multi-sperm Saprolegnia, parasitic Saprolegnia, tail-capped Saprolegnia, amphoteric Saprolegnia and Pythium. The fungus is generally composed of two different types of filamentous hyphae, inner and outer. The inner hyphae have thin and numerous branches, grow in the muscles of the fish body, and have the function of absorbing nutrients; the outer hyphae have few and thick branches, and are gray-white flocs visible to the naked eye on the surface of the fish body. It is easy to occur during the winter. When the disease occurs, the old cotton-like hyphae on the surface of the fish body extend into the muscle tissue. It can secrete an enzyme to decompose the fish's tissue, causing the diseased fish's tissue to necrotize. At the same time, the fish body is overloaded, swimming abnormally, and losing appetite, and finally dying of emaciated. The prevention and control method is to operate as carefully as possible during the process of pulling the net, transporting and stocking, and avoid injuring the fish body. When fish species are sick, you can use 1.5 to 2.5 kg of ground and boiled gallnut per acre (1 meter water depth) and spray the juice with residue throughout the pond, or 400 mg/L of salt and baking soda (1:1) and spray the whole pond.

(2) Ichthyophthirius punctatus (white spot disease) is caused by Ichthyophthirius punctatus invading the skin and gills of fish. This disease is most harmful to small Nile tilapia and fish species, often parasitizing in large numbers and causing mass mortality. Ichthyophthirius punctatus invades the epithelial tissue of the fish's skin and gills, and uses the parasitic tissue cells as nutrition, causing inflammation of the fish's tissues and the formation of white vesicles. In severe cases, the mucus on the body surface and gills of the diseased fish increases, the gill filaments become dark red, the fish become emaciated, the diseased fish swim slowly, float on the water surface, have difficulty breathing, and die one after another. When the water temperature is around 20℃, it can spread throughout the pond in 2 to 3 days, causing mass mortality. The prevention and control methods are as follows: ① Thoroughly disinfect the wintering pond with quicklime before wintering, using 0.2 kg of quicklime per cubic meter of water, and sprinkle it throughout the pond after the water is dissolved; ② Soak the diseased fish in 1% to 2% salt water for 15 to 20 minutes. However, after the Ichthyophthirius punctatus is bathed in medicine, it only falls off but is not killed, so the water after the bath should be discarded, otherwise it will be infected again.

(3) The pathogens of trichodina disease are species of the genus Trichodina and Trichodina, which are very harmful to tilapia fry. Symptoms: The head and mouth of the diseased fish are grayish white, and the mucus on the body surface and gills increases. When infected in large numbers, the diseased fish lose appetite, have difficulty breathing, swim alone, and swim slowly. If not treated in time, it may cause mass death. Under a microscope, a large number of trichodina can be seen on the body surface and gills of the diseased fish, rolling like wheels. The prevention and control methods are as follows: ① During the winter, thoroughly disinfect the wintering pond with quicklime; ② Spray the entire pond with a mixture of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate, using 0.5 grams of copper sulfate and 0.2 grams of ferrous sulfate per cubic meter of water, which can kill the trichodina on the fish body surface and gills. In addition, boiling 30 kilograms of branches and leaves of Melia azedarach per mu (water depth 1 meter) in water and spraying it throughout the pond also has a good effect.

(4) Trichoderma can parasitize on adult fish, fry, and fingerlings, and is very harmful to fry. Fry and fingerling infected with trichoderma will initially be extremely restless, sometimes swimming wildly in the water or swimming rapidly sideways underwater, then lose appetite, swim slowly, become emaciated, and eventually die. The prevention and control method is to spray the entire pond with 0.2-0.3 mg/L of crystal trichlorfon (90%).

(5) The pathogen of tricholoma is C. carpio. C. carpio parasites on the skin and gills. It is not strict in its host selection and is not limited to adult fish, fry or fingerlings. When C. carpio invades the skin and gills in large numbers, the epidermal tissue secretes a large amount of mucus due to stimulation, and the tissue is damaged, which seriously affects the respiratory function of the fish. When parasitized in large numbers, it will cause the death of fry and parent fish. Spray the entire pond with 0.7 mg/L copper sulfate, or spray the entire pond with 0.5 mg/L copper sulfate and 0.2 mg/L ferrous sulfate. When the water temperature is low (17°C), it can be appropriately increased to 0.8 mg/L copper sulfate and 0.32 mg/L ferrous sulfate.

(6) For exophthalmos, sprinkle 0.5 g/m3 bromochlorohydrin throughout the pond for 2 consecutive days and change the water.

(7) For enteritis, mix 8 g of allicin per kg of feed into medicated bait and feed it twice a day for 3 to 4 consecutive days.