CATDOLL : CATDOLL:How to breed frogs?

1. How to raise frogs?

Feeding and management of young frogs

The young frogs that have just come ashore have very weak vitality and poor ability to adapt to the environment due to rapid changes in physiology and environment. For example, dry environment, scorching sun exposure, heavy rain and so on will kill them. The water temperature should be between 20-28°C and the water quality should be clean. The pond water should be about 5 inches, and one-third of the land should be left in the pond for the young frogs to live. If conditions permit, several young frog ponds should be built, and the tadpoles should be moved to the young frog pond for breeding as soon as they become young frogs. Young frogs are active and have the disadvantage of strong eating weak. When transferring ponds, they must be stocked in three types of ponds: large, medium and small. The ponds should be patrolled frequently, and the breeding should be adjusted frequently according to their growth and development. In the same pond, strive to keep the size, strength and weakness consistent. Pay attention to adjusting the density, about 100 per square meter is appropriate. If the weather is hot, the density should be reduced. If it is still water, change the water frequently, and if it is flowing water, speed up the water flow to reduce the temperature rise and supply sufficient oxygen. In particular, you should build a pergola over the pond to minimize exposure to the scorching sun if you plant loofahs, grapes, etc.

The young frog mainly feeds on insects, which is determined by its physiological structure. It has a pair of false eyes on its head, which are complex and unique in structure. It mainly relies on a retina behind the eyes to see things. Whether it is day or night, it can only see things that move, but not things that are still. Therefore, it can only prey on maggots, small fish, red worms, shrimps, earthworms, etc. Its food intake is closely related to the temperature. It eats more when the temperature is around 23℃. When the temperature is too high or too low, it eats less, and sometimes even stops eating altogether.

In the case of large-scale artificial frog breeding, relying solely on flowers to attract insects is not enough to meet the frogs' needs, and artificial feeding must be adopted. Generally, when frogs are young, they need to be trained to adapt to the living habits of eating dead bait, such as dead fish scraps, chicken and duck internal organs, etc. There are several training methods:

(l) Mix live bait and dead bait to attract prey: Put some minced meat, dead insects, etc. in the feed tray, and then put a few live loaches. Put half of the feed tray in the water and half of it above the water. Since the loaches are moving in the feed tray, the young frogs will see that the loaches in the tray are all moving, so they will rush to eat them. If there are no live loaches, put a bucket of water on the feed tray, open a small hole in the bottom of the bucket, and let the water in the bucket drip into the water in the feed tray. When the water shakes, the dead bait in the tray will also shake. The young frogs will think it is live bait and will come around to eat it. After a long time, it will become a habit for the young frogs to eat dead bait.

(2) Use a thin wire to hang dead insects or meat strips or dough that have been kneaded into the shape of insects in the water. The young frogs will also try to eat them.

(3) Feeding dead bait directly. In the first month, feed young frogs two-thirds live bait and one-third dead bait; at one and a half months old, feed them half live bait and half dead bait; at two months old, feed them one-third live bait and two-thirds dead bait; after two and a half months, feed them all dead bait. The dead bait depends on the size of the frog. Generally, it should be cut into pieces that can be swallowed in one bite to avoid mutual interference.

2. Can frogs be artificially bred? What procedures are required for breeding?

On March 5, 2020, Zhang Xianliang, Director of the Fisheries Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, made a supplementary statement, and on May 28, 2020, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration issued a "Notice on Further Standardizing the Protection and Management of Frogs", which stipulated that black-spotted frogs, spiny-breasted frogs, spiny-bellied frogs, Chinese tree frogs (Northeast tree frogs), Heilongjiang tree frogs, bullfrogs, American frogs and other related frogs should be managed in accordance with aquatic animals and can be farmed.

1. Can frogs be bred artificially?

Frogs are protected wild animals. Protecting wild animals starts with ourselves. We should refuse to buy or sell wild animal products and not interfere with the free life of wild animals. The current behavior of eating precious and endangered wild animals is not only a social bad habit, but also one of the reasons why illegal hunting and killing of precious and endangered wild animals are rampant. No buying or selling means no killing. We should stop eating wild animals. They do not belong on the table.

1. Black-spotted frogs, spiny-breasted frogs, spiny-bellied frogs, Chinese tree frogs (Northeast tree frogs), Heilongjiang tree frogs, bullfrogs, American green god frogs and other related frogs are managed in accordance with aquatic animals and can be farmed.

2. On March 5, 2020, Zhang Xianliang, director of the Fisheries Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, added that the vast majority of farmed turtles, including the Chinese soft-shelled turtle and tortoise, and two introduced species of frogs, the bullfrog and the American frog, can be farmed and eaten.

3. On May 28, 2020, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the State Forestry and Grassland Administration issued the "Notice on Further Standardizing the Protection and Management of Frogs". According to the opinions of experts, the black-spotted frog, spiny-chested frog, spiny-bellied frog, Chinese forest frog (Northeast forest frog), Heilongjiang forest frog and other related frogs (hereinafter referred to as "relevant frogs") that are currently cross-managed, have a long breeding history, and are artificially bred on a large scale, shall be managed by the fishery authorities in accordance with aquatic animals. For other frogs, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the State Forestry and Grassland Administration will jointly determine the classification and division plan and adjust the relevant lists in a timely manner based on the general principle of giving priority to science and taking into account the operability of management. The fishery authorities and forestry and grassland authorities of all regions should promote the adjustment of the local key protected wild animal lists in accordance with laws and regulations.

2. What procedures are required for frog breeding?

1. Breeding Certificate: After filling out the breeding application form, the breeder shall provide relevant information to the Agricultural Bureau. After review and approval, a breeding certificate will be issued.

2. Business license: When applying for a business license, the required materials include a rental contract, a copy of the real estate certificate, a capital verification report, etc.

3. Tax registration certificate: If you raise frogs for sale, you will need to apply for a tax registration certificate, which can usually be obtained within 30 working days of obtaining the business license.

4. Animal Epidemic Prevention Certificate: It is approved and issued after being reviewed by the veterinary management department and meeting the conditions for animal disease prevention, control and eradication.

5. Wild Animal Domestication and Breeding License: After preparing all the documents, submit a written application to the forestry administrative department of the city (state) where you are located. After the application documents are reviewed and signed by the forestry administrative department of the city (state), submit them to the Forestry Department window of the Provincial Government Service Center. Then the applicant can collect the Key Protected Wild Animal Domestication and Breeding License at the Forestry Department window of the Provincial Government Service Center.

6. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Qualification Certificate: The farm needs to have professional veterinary personnel.

3. How to breed frogs?

How to artificially breed frogs? Everyone knows that frogs are a delicacy on the table and have a large market demand. Due to the prohibition of catching wild frogs, artificial breeding of frogs is still profitable. Many people may not know much about artificial breeding of frogs. Next, the editor of Huinong.com will introduce it in detail.

1. Construction of frog pond

The size of the frog pond can be flexibly controlled according to the actual situation. The frog pond should be surrounded by brick walls with a height of more than 1.5 meters to prevent frogs from escaping or being eaten by snakes and other animals. It is best to build a frog pond near the residence for easy management. The water inlet and outlet should be set at both ends of the frog pond, and the outlets should be sealed with iron rods and dense nylon nets to prevent escape. Aquatic plants and small shrubs should be planted around the frog pond to facilitate the habitat of adult frogs.

Frog breeding ponds are divided into spawning ponds, tadpole ponds and adult frog ponds. Generally, it is advisable to choose a place that is both humid and warm and out of the sun, preferably a long cement pond or earthen pond. A large outdoor pond of 4×6 meters is a single pond. It is best to apply cement to the pond wall, and leave mud on the bottom of the pond; a small courtyard pond is generally 1×1.5 meters to 2 meters, and the pond depth is generally 1 meter. There are irrigation holes and drainage channels, and the water depth is 20~50 cm. Shade boards must be installed on the surface of the pond. Generally, 40 adult frogs can be raised per square meter. Frog breeding ponds can be made of earthen ponds, brick ponds, and rice fields. The key is to prevent escape. If conditions permit, brick walls can be built or nets can be used, generally 1~1.2 meters high. The water depth in the pond is 30~60 cm, and a mound of soil is piled up in the middle of the water or on the sunny side for frogs to live on land, and it accounts for about 1/3 of the total sewage. Grass or crops are planted on the mound. A small amount of floating aquatic plants are added to the pond water. The pond used for breeding tadpoles should only leave a small amount of land for the young frogs to land on after metamorphosis. The tadpole pond should be made of cement and the slope of the pond wall should be gentle to provide a habitat for the tadpoles.

2. Care of Frogs

Before the arrival of the severe winter every year, the pond water should be drained, but it should always be kept moist to create favorable conditions for the frogs to burrow into mud holes and hibernate.

The key to frog breeding technology is artificial breeding, because wild field frogs often have a kind of bivalve parasite parasitic in the frog's muscles. The method of artificial spawning and isolation of adult frogs can effectively prevent the disease. The frogs are planted at a density of about 1 group per 3 square meters (better before May). The frogs are required to be large and 1-2 years old. The mixed stocking ratio of male and female is 3:1, and the stocking density is relatively less than that of meat frogs. It takes about three years for young frogs to reach sexual maturity.

Frog breeding management: Strengthen the feeding of protein feed, mainly earthworms, supplemented by moth bait. Maintain the normal balance of pond water, requiring fat and alive. When the water temperature stabilizes at around 22℃, prepare for egg laying and hatching (at this time, the male frog will keep calling). Female frogs weighing more than 50 grams can lay a lot of eggs at a time. Generally, the male and female hold each other and lay eggs on water plants. Frog eggs are light yellow, round, and attached to the gelatinous egg membrane in pieces floating on the water plants, which is very easy to identify.

3. Breeding tadpoles

After the Waking of Insects Festival in spring every year, an appropriate amount of running water should be added to the frog pond to allow the female frogs to breed tadpoles. After the tadpoles are bred, the breeding frogs should be isolated to prevent them from swallowing the tadpoles.

1. Spawning: Artificial spawning grounds require a still water area, and cage spawning is generally used, which means frogs are forced to lay eggs in baskets or cages. Male and female frogs are placed in a 1:1 ratio, and 5 spawning baskets or cages can be placed in an area of ​​20 square meters. The depth of the pool water should be maintained at 10-15 cm, and the water temperature should be maintained at 10℃-11℃. In order to increase the hatching rate, the eggs can be protected by a fence to prevent the eggs from sinking after being disturbed by the parent frogs.

2. Hatching: The temperature of frog fertilized eggs should be kept at 20℃~28℃ during the incubation period, mainly natural incubation; plastic film covering incubation method and waterless incubation method can also be used. Generally, all tadpoles can be hatched after 3~5 days. Newborn tadpoles rely on the egg membrane to survive safely. Do not stir the pond water casually. After all frogs lay eggs, catch the frogs out of the pond to avoid interfering with the hatching and tadpole living environment. Five days after the eggs are hatched, they can be fed with concentrated feed, such as soy milk, egg yolk, water fleas and aquatic plankton, twice a day, but the amount of feed should not be too much, so as not to deteriorate the water quality and cause the death of tadpoles. After 1 week of feeding, the tadpoles can be moved into the breeding pond for breeding.

4. Tadpole breeding and management

Artificial breeding of edible frogs must start from artificial egg collection and hatching. After the tadpoles emerge from the membrane, they are cultivated in the original hatching pond or cage, and 600 to 800 tadpoles are stocked per square meter of water surface. Artificial feeding begins on the 4th day after the tadpoles hatch, and the tadpoles need to be raised for a week before being moved into the breeding pond. After about 20 to 30 days, red worms, water fleas, and fly maggots can gradually become the staple food. Soy milk, bean dregs, bean cake powder, and chlorella can also be the staple food. Adding a certain amount of fish meal can promote its growth. Generally, 15 cooked eggs are crushed and fed with water 1 to 2 times for every 10,000 tails. After the 5th day, soybean milk, wheat bran, bean curd dregs, or rice bran and fish meal are used instead. Feed 1 to 2 times a day. The feed is placed on the bait table. The powdered bait is first adjusted to a viscous state with water before being fed.

Management of tadpoles before metamorphosis: When bubbles are found in the pool water or the water has a foul smell, the water should be replaced immediately. Generally, it should be replaced every 3 days. When the weather is dry for many days or the temperature is continuously high, the water should be replaced every 2 days.

Management of tadpoles during metamorphosis: Frog eggs will turn into young frogs about 70 days after hatching. From the appearance of forelimbs to complete metamorphosis, tadpoles mainly rely on the tail to absorb air, breathe air with lungs, and begin to jump out of the water to land and live. When more than 90% of tadpoles have turned into young frogs, they can be moved into the young frog pond for breeding.

Notes on tadpole bait: 1. Feed live feed. Since tadpoles feed on young animals, you should often put some water fleas, mosquito larvae or other small frog tadpoles for them to eat. These young animals can generally be caught in water such as paddy fields, ponds, and dead ditches. 2. Feed enough. Since tadpoles will eat the smaller ones and kill each other when they are short of food, you should put enough bait so that the tadpoles have food to eat at all times.

5. Feeding and management of young frogs

1. Raise them in different grades and strengthen their domestication: As frogs are ferocious in nature, it is common for big frogs to eat small frogs and other phenomena of the survival of the fittest. To prevent this phenomenon, they should be raised in different grades, and frogs of the same size should be raised together. They should also be given enough bait so that they can all eat their fill and avoid cannibalizing each other.

Screening, grading and separate breeding: When the young frogs are domesticated for 20 to 30 days, the pond water should be drained and the large-sized young frogs should be transferred to the adult frog pond at a density of 60 to 80 per square meter; the small-sized young frogs should remain in the original pond for domestication. Using feed, indoor three-dimensional, multi-layer cages for intensive breeding is a new method for breeding frogs. Breeding frogs in plastic boxes and wooden boxes has a very high yield for small-scale breeding, and hundreds of frogs can be raised per square meter. Generally, it only takes 5 months from hatching to adult frogs.

Enhanced domestication: High-density concentrated captivity can be used, with a density of 100 to 150 per square meter, in a cement pool with a smooth inner wall and a height of more than 1 meter. The pool water is about 20 centimeters deep, and a feeding table is placed on the water surface. There is no land in the pool, forcing the young frogs to come to the table to feed and live together.

2. Source of bait: frogs have a very diverse diet. Earthworms, insects, small fish, small shrimps, small crabs, small snails, small clams, etc. are all their delicious delicacies. In order to ensure the source of bait, you can contact the vendors who sell chickens and ducks in water basins in the nearby town market, give them a small deposit, and ask them to collect the crops, small intestines and lungs of chickens and ducks that are discarded every day and provide them to you, and then chop them up as bait. You can also boil some tea bran water and pour it into fertile soil such as banana roots, tree roots or garbage dumps. Soon, many earthworms will emerge and people can catch them as bait.

3. Bait training: Since frogs prefer to hunt in water and do not like to hunt on land, bait should be thrown into the pond surface to facilitate frogs to hunt. First feed with fresh bait for 1~2 days, and add 20% artificial feed to the bait on the 3rd day, and then increase the proportion day by day. After 10 days, it will increase to 80% "live bait", mainly earthworms, maggots, small fish and shrimps, insects, scorpions and loaches, etc.; "dead bait" refers to dried silkworm pupae, animal viscera and compound feed, etc. With movement, "dead bait" is activated, and finally transitions to completely eating artificial bait. At the same time, it is required to feed regularly, quantitatively and in a fixed position. Feeding time is around noon in spring and autumn, and in the evening or morning in summer. Feed 1~2 times a day, and the young frogs should finish eating each time in about 1 hour. The amount of feed for young frogs weighing less than 50 grams should account for 6~8% of their body weight; for young frogs weighing more than 100 grams, the amount of feed should account for 8~10% of their body weight. The bait must be fresh, clean and nutritious.

4. Note: There is fertile soil several tens of centimeters thick at the bottom of the frog pond. Water polluted by pesticides, fertilizers or industrial wastewater should be strictly prevented from flowing into the frog pond.

6. Feeding and management of adult frogs

After the young frogs are transferred to the adult frog pond, the frogs have a large food intake and grow faster. This is an important period for the formation of commercial production. In addition to providing sufficient bait, when the tadpoles metamorphose into frogs, it is necessary to increase the feeding of animal feed, mainly artificially cultivated fly maggots, earthworms, red worms, cocci and water fleas, and other high-protein, high-reproduction rate live baits. In the case of insufficient live bait, mixed feed can be used, such as 60% rapeseed cake (powder), 30% rice bran (or wheat bran), 5% soybean meal, and 5% fish meal. The effect is better if the mixture is evenly mixed. Tadpoles are active in the water. After 5 days, concentrated feed can be provided, such as soy milk, egg yolk, water fleas, water spinach, tomatoes and aquatic plankton. In addition, earthworms can be raised on the soil pile. As long as some lime water with a concentration of 3-5% is sprinkled on the soil pile in pieces every evening, the earthworms will come out and serve as frog bait. It is also necessary to feed some compound feed in moderation, and to divide and raise them in time and adjust the stocking density. After one month of breeding, when the frog's body weight reaches 100 grams, the stocking density is 30 per square meter, and after two months, it is changed to 10-15 per square meter. After a short period of breeding, it can become a commercial frog for sale.

The fertilization rate of the selected breeding frogs after the second spawning is higher. Although the number of eggs laid by female frogs in the third and fourth years is large, the fertilization rate is poor. The hatching rate of eggs laid by frogs in the first year is also low, so they are not suitable for breeding frogs. For the convenience of management, it is best to select those with strong body shape, normal development and active actions from the same batch of breeding frogs. After selection, the breeding frogs are placed in the spawning pond at a ratio of 1 male frog to 2-3 female frogs for spawning. Generally, a 20-square-meter spawning pond can hold 1,400-2,000 breeding frogs. Water plants or water lotus should be placed in the spawning pond, and their number accounts for about one-third of the water surface. The pond should be planted with loofahs or grapes and a frame to provide shade. Try to avoid strong sounds and other noises around the pond. If a spawning pond is built in the center of a rice field, a spawning basket is set up in the spawning pond. The upper diameter of the spawning basket is 30 cm, the lower diameter is 70 cm, and the height is 40 cm. Each spawning basket can hold 20-30 groups of breeding frogs. Observe frequently. If you find any egg masses, take them out and put them in the hatching pond. Then release the female frog that has laid eggs so that the male frogs can continue to pair up.

The fertilization rate of the selected breeding frogs after the second spawning is higher. Although the number of eggs laid by female frogs in the third and fourth years is large, the fertilization rate is poor. The hatching rate of eggs laid by frogs in the first year is also low, so they are not suitable for breeding frogs. For the convenience of management, it is best to select those with strong body shape, normal development and active actions from the same batch of breeding frogs. After selection, the breeding frogs are placed in the spawning pond at a ratio of 1 male frog to 2-3 female frogs for spawning. Generally, a 20-square-meter spawning pond can hold 1,400-2,000 breeding frogs. Water plants or water lotus should be placed in the spawning pond, and their number accounts for about one-third of the water surface. The pond should be planted with loofahs or grapes and a frame to provide shade. Try to avoid strong sounds and other noises around the pond. If a spawning pond is built in the center of a rice field, a spawning basket is set up in the spawning pond. The upper diameter of the spawning basket is 30 cm, the lower diameter is 70 cm, and the height is 40 cm. Each spawning basket can hold 20-30 groups of breeding frogs. Observe frequently. If you find any egg masses, take them out and put them in the hatching pond. Then release the female frog that has laid eggs so that the male frogs can continue to pair up.