CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What farming techniques should be mastered for large-scale farming of field snails?

What breeding techniques should be mastered for large-scale farming of snails?

Snails like to move at night and eat vigorously at night. Snails begin to reproduce in April. The breeding season is from April to September every year. Female snails aged 1 to 2 years can produce 20 to 30 offspring, and female snails aged 4 and above can produce 40 to 50 offspring. The offspring can grow to sexual maturity in one year. Snails like to eat tender leaves of aquatic plants. Therefore, when raising snails, it is necessary to plant aquatic plants such as water plants appropriately. Finally, the water temperature should be kept at 15-27 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is too low, the snails will hibernate in the mud. When the temperature is too high, water should be added to avoid the death of the snails.

It is best to feed the fish pond with grass, so that the snails raised in this way have firm meat and delicious taste. This is how I raise them in Hunan. In my short video, there is a picture video of raising snails in the pond. Snails have strong reproductive capacity. At the beginning, I put a pond of snails and now there are many snails in 4 ponds. They like to move and forage at night. The water temperature suitable for snails is about 20 to 28 degrees Celsius. When the water temperature is above 30 degrees, they will hide in the shell to avoid the heat. When the water temperature is 40 degrees, they will die. They have strong adaptability to drought and cold.

The mortality rate of snails after stocking is much higher. Even if some snails survive, they will be covered with red rust, and some will even appear reddish brown. Secondly, the water quality should be natural, but it should not be too transparent. Sufficient oxygen should be guaranteed. Snails are very sensitive to dissolved oxygen in the water. It is appropriate to have about 100 adult snails per square meter. If the male-female ratio is 1:1, and each female snail produces 50 offspring per year, there will be about 2,600 per square meter by the end of the year. If each snail is 10 grams, the yield per mu can reach more than 17,000 kilograms. If the snails are raised, the density can be increased accordingly.

Feeding: First, add some feces to the breeding pond to cultivate plankton to provide food for the snails. The amount of fertilizer depends on the bottom quality of the snail pond. After the snails are put into the pond, they are fed with vegetables, rice bran, fish viscera or vegetable cakes, bean cakes, etc. When feeding artificially, vegetable leaves, fruits and vegetables, rice bran, wheat bran, bean cake powder and animal scraps can all be used as feed. They have a very diverse diet.

1. For aquaculture water bodies, snails have strong adaptability and few diseases. As long as they avoid large amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, they can be raised in many flat rivers, streams, pits, rice fields, ponds and other ordinary water bodies in rural areas. Keep the bottom mud thickness at 10cm-15cm, and the area size is not limited. If it is an open water body, a small amount of red duckweed and water lotus can be cultivated on the water surface. Some long-vine melons and vegetables can be planted around the pond to build a shed for shade. Bamboo tails, branches or stones, grass and other things can be arranged in the water for snails to live in. Ten days before the release of snails, apply quicklime to the whole pond at a dosage of 50kg-100kg per 1/15 hectare to remove wild fish, shrimp and other miscellaneous snails. After 3-4 days, organic fertilizers and breeding bait organisms are piled in the water body for snails to eat. 2. Stocking of snails. It is best to complete the stocking of snails in the early stage of snail breeding. The sources of snails: one is wild collection and the other is market collection. Choose fresh snails with light brown color, thin and complete shells, and blunt domes. Generally, 0.1kg-0.5kg of seed snails are placed per square meter in natural extensive water bodies, and the amount of seeding can be increased by 2-3 times in intensive breeding ponds. Farmed field snails can be raised alone, or some silver carp and bighead carp can be raised together, or field snails and loaches can be mixed.

Farming snails does not require much technology. The water quality must be good. It is best to change the water from time to time to increase the oxygen content and promote the growth of snails. For natural enemies such as mice and birds, plant some duckweed near the fish pond to provide shade and improve water quality. Add some grass carp, but not too much, so that the duckweed will not be eaten, and the fish feces can be fed to the snails. Duckweed can also improve water quality. It should be noted that snails have unacceptable water and soil problems. It is best to buy snails from local farmers, otherwise it is easy to cause accidents.

1. Selection of snail species

Field snails are mostly reproduced naturally. For artificial breeding, they can be picked up from paddy fields,茭白 fields, muddy ditches, or bought at the market. Then, fresh snails with light brown color, thin shells, round bodies and blunt tails are selected as breeding snails. Generally, field snails weighing 15-25 grams reach sexual maturity and can reproduce at temperatures above 15℃. Female snails are large and round, while male snails are small and pointed.

2. Sufficient silt

Field snails do not have any high requirements for the breeding environment, because field snails have strong adaptability. We only need to build the farm in a pesticide-free and pollution-free place, and the field snails can grow normally. The breeding site can be in rice fields, ponds and other water bodies, but we need to ensure that there is sufficient silt, because field snails like to live in silt.

3. Change water regularly

Snails have good disease resistance and strong adaptability to the outside world, but in order to achieve high yields, change water quality and facilitate fishing, it is still necessary to set up inlets and outlets and install escape prevention nets. Regular water changes are carried out, and the effect is better if it is running water. In the hot season, it is better to adopt flowing water aquaculture. In spring and autumn, it is better to use micro-flowing water aquaculture. The depth of the snail pond should be kept at about 30 cm. When the pH value of the pond water is low, apply 0.15-0.18 kg of quicklime per square meter, and sprinkle it every 10-15 days to keep the pH value of the pond water at 7-8.

4. Feeding and feeding

Field snails are omnivorous and can be fed with rice bran, vegetable scraps, melon leaves, animal carcasses and commercial feed. They generally feed on aquatic plants, soil humus, vegetable and melon rinds, etc. They can be raised in fertile paddy fields, mixed with fish and snails, or in depressions such as red duckweed, green duckweed and water hyacinth on the water surface. Little or no feed can be added.

Field snails are mostly reproduced naturally. For artificial breeding, they can be picked up from paddy fields, wild rice fields, muddy ditches, or bought at the market. Then, fresh snails with light brown color, thin shells, round bodies and blunt tails are selected as breeding snails. Generally, field snails weighing 15-25 grams reach sexual maturity and can reproduce at temperatures above 15℃. Female snails are large and round, while male snails are small and pointed.

How to raise loaches?

1. Pond Construction

The ponds around the breeding loach need to be 40 cm above the water surface, with a slope of 60°C to 70°C, a depth of 80 to 100 cm, and a water depth of 30 to 50 cm. The ponds should be surrounded by nets, plastic boards or porcelain boards to prevent snakes, rats and other enemies from entering the breeding area. In addition, the water inlet and outlet should be wrapped with 120-mesh mesh to prevent loaches from escaping and harmful organisms, wild fish eggs and fry from entering the pond.

2. Preparation before stocking

Before stocking loaches, it is necessary to clean the pond. When the water depth reaches 10cm, use quicklime to make mud, then sprinkle water to disinfect the entire pond. Apply base fertilizer three days before stocking.

3. Sowing.

The time for loach fry to be put into the pond is May every year, and the planting density is 1500-2000 per square meter. During the production of fry, it is necessary to pay attention to the water test before stocking to check whether the toxicity of the water body has been eliminated.

4. Feeding and management

When the loach seedlings are less than 2cm in length, they can be top-dressed according to the water conditions. Topdressing can be done with fermented pig, cattle, chicken, human manure and other farmyard manure, spread once in the morning and evening every day. When the loach grows to 2cm, deepen the water level to 50cm, fertilize the water, and feed once in the morning and evening every day. The water quality for loach breeding is very important. In addition to changing the water once or twice a week, it is also necessary to fertilize frequently to keep the water yellow-green.

The method of breeding loach is as follows:

Pond Selection Tips

The breeding farm should find a nearby water source for easy water addition. For pond breeding of loach, the pond depth should be about 80-150cm, the water depth should be 50-120cm, and it is best to have 15-20cm of silt at the bottom of the pond, with convenient inlet and outlet. In order to facilitate fish pond management, the pond size should be 2-10 mu.

Pond disinfection and natural bait cultivation

It is very important to disinfect the pond 2 weeks before stocking. Pond disinfection can remove miscellaneous fish, frogs, snakes, insects, rats and ants in the pond, so that loaches have a safe space to grow. 2 weeks before stocking, 40 kg of quicklime is sprinkled throughout the pond to remove miscellaneous fish, frogs, snakes, insects, rats and ants in the pond, so that loaches have a safe space to grow. After 3 days, dry and mold-free corn stalks, rice straw and other straws are tied into straw bales with a diameter of 40 to 50 cm with No. 10 iron wire, and soaked in the pond for about 10 days to produce algae in the fish pond. At the same time, apply organic fertilizer to cause a large number of floating microorganisms to appear in the fish pond.

Fences to prevent predators

The natural enemies of loach are the main factor affecting the survival rate of loach. The main natural enemies of loach are: ferocious fish in the pond such as tilapia and raw fish; frogs enter the pond to give birth, tadpoles compete with loach for feed, affecting the growth rate of loach; snakes, insects, rats and ants eat loach; dragonflies eat loach seedlings, etc. Therefore, the fence can prevent the natural enemies of loach from entering the pond, which can increase the survival rate of loach. The fence should be made 15 days before stocking, and the pond should be surrounded by a net about 1m high to prevent natural enemies such as snakes, rats, and frogs. At the same time, a certain amount of water hyacinth should be planted on the water surface, and the growth and development of loach will be guaranteed by applying the principle of "aquaponics".

Precautions for seedling placement

Loaches are required to be strong and uniform in size, and the size of loaches should be 4-6cm. If the seedlings are too large, the loss of seedlings during transportation will increase; if the seedlings are too small, the survival rate of loaches will be affected. After the fry arrive at the breeding site, the loaches should be allowed to adapt to the water temperature before being placed in the pond. According to the actual conditions of various breeding sites, the density of hybrid loach seedlings is 80,000 to 200,000 per mu, and the density of Taiwanese loach seedlings is 60,000 to 80,000 per mu. At the same time, fish ponds with conditions can be mixed with largehead fish, flat fish, crucian carp, etc. to improve breeding efficiency.

Feeding management

Before the seedlings are put in, the pond has produced a large number of planktonic microorganisms, which can be used as natural bait for loaches to enter the pond. On the basis of providing natural bait, artificial compound feed should be fed. Loaches belong to the category of fish that digest food in the rectum and eat relatively little. Therefore, the artificially prepared feed should be fermented feed, so that the digestion of loaches is smoother and the chance of enteritis is reduced. Generally, feed once a day at 5:00-7:00 and 18:00-19:00. Each feeding should be done in a fixed place, with a feeding basin set up for every 15 square meters. The basin should be opened once every 2 hours. If all the feed is eaten within 2 hours, the second feeding should be appropriately increased. At the same time, in daily management, attention should be paid to observing the water quality and doing a good job in daily fish health care.

Note:

First, check whether the loach is infected with worms and whether the nitrite exceeds the standard. If there are worms, kill the worms first. If the nitrite exceeds the standard, change the water appropriately and then use "Universal Nitrite" to degrade it.

If the water quality deteriorates (becomes black or thicker), change the water appropriately; use "detoxification and water improvement treasure" to adjust the water immediately after changing the water;

A large number of fish died (more than 100), and the symptoms of death were body rot, tail rot and gill rot; use "Mie Spore Rot Fu Ling + Zhi Hemostasis Gill Rot Kang" for treatment. After the number of deaths decreases, use "Gao Iodine Fu Pi Kang" every other day (if the water quality is too concentrated, it can be used with copper sulfate), and use it once according to the situation;

If a large number of fish die (more than 100), and the symptoms of death are red beaks, red spots, and red fins, use "Virus-Ling + Hemostasis" and use them together according to the death situation;

Additional information:

From the perspective of breeding, loach has few diseases, simple reproduction, and convenient transportation. Moreover, loach can breathe with intestines, tolerate low oxygen, and eat a variety of foods. It can eat almost any animal and plant food, and has a wide range of feed sources. The most advantageous thing for breeding is that loach can tolerate low oxygen, and its adaptability is particularly strong. It can be bred in almost all kinds of containers and waters, such as wooden boxes, water tanks, buckets, earthen pools, cement pools, rice fields, lotus fields, water chestnut fields, etc., and even in drainage ditches. Moreover, the cost of breeding loach is low and the market price is high, so the economic benefits are significant. Rice field farming can not only harvest rice but also produce loaches, killing two birds with one stone. Every 667 square meters of rice field can produce 50 to 100 kilograms of loaches, increasing the output value by more than 1,000 yuan; pond farming can produce more than 1,000 kilograms of loaches per 667 square meters, with an output value of at least 10,000 yuan. Excluding the cost of seedlings, feed, water and electricity, and the cost of disease prevention and control drugs, a net profit of 6,000 to 7,000 yuan can be obtained per 667 square meters; cage farming, an ordinary 8-square-meter cage can produce about 1,000 kilograms of loaches, and the output value is also over 10,000 yuan. Due to the high cost of cage farming, the net profit can reach about 5,000 yuan.

Facts have proved that loach farming has a broad market as its support and mature technology as its guarantee, which will surely bring considerable economic benefits and help farmers get rich.

Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia: Loach

Here are the steps:

1. Build a pond: Build a pond in front of or behind the house, around the courtyard, in a place with water source, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun. The pond is usually made of bricks and stones, and the depth of the pond should be about 1 meter. After the pond is built, it is smoothed with cement, and after it is dry, 0.5 feet of fertilizer mud is added, and 1 foot of clean water is injected, and then the seeds can be planted.

2. Stocking: After the pond is built, stock the loach fry at a rate of 1-1.5 catties per square meter. You can buy the fry at the market or breed or catch them yourself; no matter what, you should choose strong, uninjured, uniform-sized loach fry to stock, and mix them in a ratio of three females to one male.

3. Feeding: Since loach is an omnivorous fish, cow dung, rice bran, wheat, or fly maggots can be used as bait. Generally, three times a day is enough. The feeding amount is generally determined by the feeding situation.

4. Fertilization: During the feeding process of loach, you can add some organic fertilizer appropriately, but do not apply too much or too frequently, and change the pond water frequently, generally once every 10-15 days.

5. Capture: To capture loaches, you must first drain the pond water and adopt the method of catching the big ones and leaving the small ones to ensure that there are a certain number of loach fry in the pond, which is conducive to continued breeding and high yield.

Note:

1. Do not mix loaches and yellow eels in the same pond, because yellow eels will eat loaches. The purpose of putting loaches in the eel pond is to prevent yellow eels from getting entangled with each other.

2. The edge of the pond must be about 1.5 feet above the water surface, because loaches are active, so it is necessary to prevent them from escaping.

3. Urban residents and families who do not have the conditions to build a pond can also use tanks or basins to feed the fish.

4. "Summer Solstice" is the best time for breeding, and we must seize the time to release seedlings.

Additional information:

Loach (scientific name: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), belongs to the family Cobitidae. It is small, slender, and only three or four inches long. It is round in shape, short in stature, with small scales under the skin, dark blue in color, and covered with its own mucus, making it slippery and difficult to hold. The front section is slightly cylindrical. The back is flattened, the abdomen is round, the head is small, the mouth is small, and it is horseshoe-shaped. The eyes are small, without subocular spines. There are 5 pairs of whiskers. The scales are extremely small, round, and buried under the skin. The back and sides of the body are gray-black, with many small black spots all over the body, and there are also many black spots on the head and fins. The spots on the dorsal and caudal fin membranes are arranged in rows, and there is a clear black spot at the base of the caudal peduncle. The other fins are gray-white. Loach is widely distributed in China, Japan, North Korea, Russia, and India along the coast of Asia. It is distributed all over China. It is more distributed in the south and uncommon in the north. It can be harvested all year round, with the most abundant in summer. After being caught, loaches can be used fresh or dried. They can be eaten and used as medicine. Loaches are called "ginseng in water". They live in lakes and ponds and are a kind of fish with high nutritional value. They are different from other fish in appearance, shape, and living habits. They are a special kind of loach.

Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia: Loach

Keep the water clean and feed rice or ordinary fish food.

Do not mix loaches and yellow eels in the same pond, because yellow eels will eat loaches. The purpose of putting loaches in the eel pond is to prevent yellow eels from getting entangled with each other.

The edge of the pond must be about 1.5 feet above the water surface to prevent loaches from escaping because they are active.

Urban residents and families who do not have the conditions to build ponds can also use simple tanks or basins to feed the fish.

"Summer Solstice" is the best time for breeding, and we must seize the opportunity to release seedlings.

Additional information:

Water Quality Management

The water color of the pond should be yellow-green, with a transparency of 20 to 25 cm, a neutral or weakly acidic pH, and a dissolved oxygen content of more than 2 mg/L. Snails and microbial preparations should be used to improve the water body in a timely manner.

Feeding

The protein content of the compound feed is required to be about 30%, the particle size is within 2.3 mm, and the feeding amount is 2% of the total weight of the loach in the pond when the water temperature is 15°C, and the feeding amount is 3% to 4% of the total weight of the loach in the pond when the water temperature is 20-28°C. Feed 3 times a day and follow the "four fixed" feeding principle when feeding.

Daily Management

Patrol the pond three times a day, morning, noon and evening, observe changes in water quality and the feeding and activity of loaches, and do a good job in preventing them from escaping.

References:

Loach (animal) - Baidu Encyclopedia