CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Can carp get sick?

1. Can carp get sick?

Carp is sick. If you want to eat carp, you must first tear out its tendons to avoid getting sick.

Common diseases of carp include gill rot, edema, and intestinal inflammation, which can affect the healthy growth of carp.

2. Common diseases of koi and goldfish in winter

Congestion is often caused by water quality deterioration or sudden change in water temperature. Many people do not pay attention to the temperature of new water and old water when changing water. Also, they often pour water as fast as possible when changing water, without considering the feelings of the fish. Therefore, prevention is very simple: control the temperature of new water and old water when changing water, the temperature difference cannot exceed plus or minus 2 degrees, pour new water in slowly, instead of pouring it in all at once, stay calm! !

Now that your fish are already charged, what should you do?

Raise the water temperature by 2 degrees, keep the water temperature constant, add 0.2% salt into the water, change 1/5 to 1/10 of the water every two days (the bigger the tank is, the less water should be changed), the temperature of the new water should be 1 degree higher than the old water, and it will be fine after a week or two. Of course, it is best if the new water has been exposed to the sun. If it has not been exposed to the sun, add baking soda or dechlorination solution to the new water. In short, the new water must be treated, and new diseases should not be caused by long-term illnesses. This is the solution to mild congestion of fish. If it is very serious, with tail rot and meat rot, they have to be given a medicated bath. Soak them in 1% salt water for 10 to 20 minutes every day, and then apply red mercury (mercuric solution) to the rotten parts. Apply red mercury every other day or two, and no more than three times, because mercury is poisonous.

3. Encyclopedia of carp farming knowledge

Carp have large scales and two whiskers on each side of their upper palate. They live alone or in small groups in calm, weedy, muddy ponds, lakes and rivers. Below is a small encyclopedia of carp farming knowledge I compiled for you. If you like it, please share it!

Carp farming knowledge

Seedling cultivation

The carp fry cultivation is divided into the cultivation of summer flowers and standard fish species.

1. Summer flower cultivation

(1) Pond preparation: Select a pond of 1-2 mu, 0.8-1.2 meters deep, with little silt, and facing east-west. Clean and disinfect it according to conventional methods.

(2) Fertilization (also known as adding fertilizer to the pond): 7-10 days before the fry are put into the pond, fermented manure can be applied, such as 150-300kg/mu (about 5 scoops) of pig and cow manure, or 5-10kg/mu of inorganic fertilizer (chemical fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, etc.), and quicklime disinfection (dosage 150kg/mu) can be carried out at the same time. A week later, the fry are put into the pond at the peak of rotifer growth, and the fry have sufficient palatable bait and grow healthily.

(3) Stocking: Before stocking the fry, use a fine mesh net to remove weeds. You can also stock 50 to 80 cheap silver carp fry to test the water. Once everything is safe, you can stock the fry, 100,000 to 250,000 per mu.

(4) Putting the fry into the pond with clean water: No base fertilizer is applied, and the fry are directly put in. This method is because there are fewer palatable bait rotifers in the water and there is not enough food for the fry, so the fry are weak and the survival rate is low.

(5) Management methods

① Timely feeding: After the fry enter the pond, they grow very fast in the first few days, and there is often a shortage of natural bait, so pay attention to feeding. Soybeans and cooked egg yolks are often used to make pulp and sprinkle them for feeding. Every day, 2-4kg of soybeans and 3-5 cooked egg yolks are ground into pulp per mu and immediately sprinkled and fed, focusing on the water surface a few meters near the edge of the pond. You can also sprinkle filtered fresh pig blood every three days. Soybean milk can be eaten directly by the fry, and it can also fertilize the water quality and enrich natural bait. At present, there is also fry feed circulating on the market, which is similar to microcapsules or powders. It can be fed from 6-8 minutes. It can not only supplement food, but also induce fry to grab food, thereby promoting the development of the digestive tract, which is beneficial to improve the survival rate and strengthen the fry.

② Topdressing and water management: Topdressing is done every three days to keep the rotifers in the water at a high level. You can also draw some water from the fatter adult fish pond to add to the fry pond every day to provide natural bait for the fry and prevent the occurrence of bubble disease caused by adding too much water to the machine well. 1/3-1/2 of the water should be changed every week.

③ Careful observation: During the fry cultivation process, inspections should be strengthened. Observe their activities, feeding, growth, water quality changes, and whether there are enemies, diseases, etc. At the same time, the fry should be divided into ponds in a timely manner to prevent overcrowding and uneven specifications. If necessary, it is necessary to pull nets to exercise the fry to enhance their endurance.

2. Cultivation of standard fish species

After summer cultivation, the length and weight of the fry increase many times, and their adaptability also increases a lot. The change in their feeding habits has the characteristics of the species, and they begin to like fine feed. Therefore, they should be smoothly transitioned to eating compound feed as soon as possible. The feeding methods are:

(1) Single culture method: select a 2-4 mu pond with a water depth of 1-1.5 mu, and place 3000-6000 summer flower fish fingerlings per mu. Feed them with compound feed or a mixture of soybean cake, silkworm pupae, and fish meal. The protein content of the feed should be above 35%. Feed 8-12 times a day with a feeding rate of 5-8%.

(2) Mixed culture: Mix carp with other fish species, carp can be the main or supplementary species. If carp is the main species, more feed should be given. If silver carp is the main species, water quality can be properly cultivated. If grass carp is the main species, less carp should be added.

(3) Feeding and management

① The earlier the fry start to eat, the earlier the growth starts and the better the growth will be. We should strive to smoothly transition to feeding with complete formula feed as soon as possible.

② Pay close attention to the early stages of the fish species that are good at eating (especially from an inch to 25-30 days old). Their growth is particularly fast, and their length and weight increase rapidly, so they need more feed. At this time, feeding should be increased. Some fishermen have a feeding rate of more than 10% during this period.

③ When feeding, the quality, timing, location and quantity of feed should be fixed, and the fish should be fed according to their feeding rhythm.

④ Daily management includes three patrols and four inspections in the morning, noon and evening to understand the climate, fish conditions and disease conditions to maintain rapid growth of fish. At the same time, water should be added regularly and flood prevention and escape prevention work should be done well.

Fish farming

Carp is widely distributed and can be farmed in many ways, such as ponds, cages, flowing water, fences, rice fields, and mountain ponds. Pond farming is introduced here, and readers are advised to refer to other related articles for other farming methods.

1. Raise carp as main fish

There is no limit to the size of the fish pond, but the bait coefficient of a large pond will be higher. The water depth is 1.2-1.5 meters. Carp of different sizes can also be released in stages and batches to facilitate rotation of capture and release.

This model mainly feeds compound feed, with crude protein of more than 30%, 4-6 times/day, and feeding rate of 3-8%. In addition to the traditional eight-character essence of water, seed, bait, density, mixing, rotation, prevention, and management, the management points also include the new cross principle: good seed, fine feed, good water, and fine management. Although the first six characters of the new cross principle are similar to the old eight-character experience, the new era should include new content, either strengthening or supplementing. Here, the emphasis is on fine management, which requires that the feeding and management personnel should not neglect any link. Even if it is a penny of investment, its output must be calculated. Only in this way can high efficiency be guaranteed.

2. Carp as companion

① The model with grass carp or bighead carp as the main species: grass carp or bighead carp 60%, carp 15%, silver carp and crucian carp 25% in total. It is suitable for areas with good water sources and abundant forage.

② The model with silver carp as the main component is 50% silver carp, 15% carp, and 30% grass carp, bream and crucian carp. It is suitable for richer water bodies.

③ The pattern dominated by spotted and tailed t: forktail t 60%, carp 10%, silver carp and bream 30%.

④ The model mainly based on crucian carp: crucian carp 60%, carp 10%, grass carp 10%, and silver carp 20%.

Carp treatment tips

Fish disease prevention

1. Pox

[Symptoms] In the early stage of the disease, the fish will have small milky white spots on its body surface, and the spots will spread all over the body as the disease worsens. There will be milky white waxy growths on the epidermis of the affected part, which will fall off when they grow bigger, and new growths will grow soon, which may affect the growth at the least and even lead to the death of the fish at the worst.

【Pathogen】Caused by herpes virus.

[Epidemiology] It mainly harms carp over one year old. It is common in autumn and does not easily lead to fish death. It mainly affects growth.

【Prevention and treatment methods】

① The fish pond should be thoroughly disinfected and the fish should be strictly disinfected before entering the pond.

② Soak in cyanomycin aqueous solution for 3 consecutive days.

2. Furuncle disease

【Symptoms】The skin and muscle tissue on the back are inflamed, then ulcerated into abscesses, and the hand feels swollen. The area around the abscesses is inflamed, congested, and congested, and the fins are eroded into a brush shape (also called broom fins by fishermen). In severe cases, the intestines are hemorrhaged and inflamed.

【Pathogen】Aeromonas furunculifera.

[Epidemiology] It is common in mixed fish ponds with silver carp as the main species. There is no typical season for the disease. It can occur all year round.

【Prevention and treatment methods】

① Thoroughly disinfect fish species, water bodies, and ponds;

②Operate carefully to prevent the fish from getting hurt;

③ Use 80 mg/kg of ciprofloxacin in feed to make medicated bait for oral administration, combine it with 1 ppm of bleaching powder for water disinfection, and use it for 3 consecutive days.

3. Gill rot

[Symptoms] Gill rot is commonly known as blackhead disease. The diseased fish swims alone, eats less, and has a black body color, especially the head. The gill filaments are rotten and covered with silt. The epidermis inside the gill cover is congested, and the epidermis in the middle part is corroded into a round or irregular transparent window (also called a skylight), and the gill filaments are rotten.

【Pathogen】Fish-harming myxococcus.

[Epidemiology] It harms many kinds of fish. It is most likely to break out when the water temperature is 20-32℃. This disease is rare in winter and often occurs concurrently with red skin and intestinal diseases.

【Prevention and treatment methods】

①Usually, water bodies should be disinfected with bleach before the disease occurs, especially in hot seasons;

② Mix erythromycin 100mg/kg feed or enrofloxacin 80mg/kg feed for oral administration;

③Spray and disinfect the pool water with 0.1ppm oxytetracycline.

4. Scales erectus

[Symptoms] The body surface of the diseased fish is rough, and some scales (mostly at the back of the fish) are spread out like pine cones, so it is called pine cone disease; translucent or bloody exudate accumulates in the scale capsule, causing the scales to stand upright, so it is also called scale standing disease. When you apply a little pressure on the scales with your fingers, the exudate will spray out from under the scales, and the scales will fall off. Red ulcers will form at the scale-shedding site, the eyeballs will bulge, and the abdomen will swell. After 2-3 days, the fish will finally die.

【Pathogen】Water-type punctate Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

【Epidemiology】This disease mainly harms carp, crucian carp, grass carp and silver carp. The disease has two epidemic periods: one is the carp spawning period, and the other is the carp wintering period; but generally the main epidemic season is from late April to early July. The mortality rate is 45%, and the highest can reach 85%.

【Prevention and treatment methods】

①Fish injury is the main cause of this disease. Be careful when pulling the net and other operations to prevent fish injury.

②Disinfection of fish, water and ponds.

③ Use 50-80mg/kg of feed oxytetracycline or chlortetracycline to make medicine and feed it.

5. Enteritis

【Symptoms】Commonly known as rotten intestine plague. The abdomen of the diseased fish is swollen and red, and the anus is swollen and protruding like a volcano. In severe cases, the fins are also corroded and torn. When the fish abdomen is opened, water can be seen in the abdominal cavity, and the intestinal wall is congested and inflamed. In mild cases, only the foregut or hindgut is red, and in severe cases, the whole intestine is purple-red; there is usually no food in the intestine, and it contains a lot of light yellow mucus or blood pus.

【Pathogen】Enteroides punctata.

[Epidemiology] It is very common in grass carp, blue carp and carp, with a high mortality rate of about 50%. The disease can show two obvious epidemic seasons in a year, with a high incidence in May-June and August-September. The disease often occurs simultaneously with bacterial gill rot.

【Prevention and treatment methods】

① Sulfadiazine treatment: 1 gram of medicine is used for every 10 kg of edible fish on the first day, and the dosage is halved on the 2nd to 6th days.

② When treating concurrent enteritis and gill rot, sprinkle 2-3ppm gallnut throughout the pond and feed furazolidone bait for 6 consecutive days, with a dosage of 100 mg for 10 kg of fish per day; when the condition is serious, double the initial dose of furazolidone.

③ Mix 50 grams of garlic with every 10 kilograms of fish and feed it once a day for 3 consecutive days.

6. Skin fungus disease

[Symptoms] When the fungus first parasitizes, the naked eye cannot see any abnormalities in the sick fish. When the naked eye can see, the hyphae have already invaded the wound of the fish body and grown inward and outward. When the injury is deep, the fungus can penetrate into the muscle and spread to the intercellular space of the tissue. The hyphae that grow outward are like grayish white cotton wool, so it is called long hair or white hair disease. After the fish body is stimulated, a large amount of mucus is secreted. The sick fish is restless and moves abnormally, causing friction with other objects. Later, the fish is overloaded, the muscles of the affected area rot, the sick fish moves slowly, the appetite decreases, and eventually dies. This disease also often occurs during the hatching of fish eggs. On the injured fish eggs, hyphae can be seen invading the egg membrane, and the hyphae outside the egg membrane grow in clusters in the water, so it is called egg thread disease. The parasitized fish eggs are also called sun seeds because their hyphae are radial.

【Pathogens】Fungi of the genera Saprolegnia and Aspergillus.

【Epidemiology】This disease occurs all year round and is prevalent in all fish farming areas across the country. This type of mold has no strict selectivity for hosts, and all kinds of farmed fish, from eggs to fish of various ages, can be infected. The egg hatching season generally starts in spring when the water temperature rises to about 18°C, and the water temperature at this time is most suitable for the growth and reproduction of water molds. After the parent fish lays eggs, the water mold first grows and reproduces on the unfertilized eggs, and under suitable conditions, it continuously uses asexual reproduction to form zoosporangia. A large number of zoospores are released to infect the fertilized eggs, so the germinated mycelium can often be microscopically examined on the fertilized eggs. In the early stage of infection, the embryonic development of this type of infected fish eggs can still proceed normally, but in the later stage, when the hyphae enter the interior, or the outside of the egg membrane is completely surrounded, and the fish eggs are seriously infected with water molds, the embryonic development of the fish eggs dies midway. Especially on rainy days when the water temperature is low (15-20℃), it is very easy to occur and spread rapidly, causing a large number of fish eggs to die due to infection with Saprolegnia.

【Prevention and treatment methods】

① Cleaning the fish pond with quicklime can reduce the occurrence of this disease.

② Be as careful as possible during the process of catching, transporting and stocking to avoid injuring the fish. At the same time, pay attention to reasonable stocking density to prevent the occurrence of this disease.

③ Do not collect injured fish as broodstock; before the broodstock enter the pond, there is no need to apply malachite green ointment or an appropriate amount of sulfonamide ointment on the fish body.

④ When the disease occurs, 0.15-0.2 ppm of methylene blue can be sprayed throughout the pond.

⑤ Prevention of Saprolegniasis in fish eggs: First, efforts should be made to increase the fertilization rate and control spawning under good weather conditions; secondly, watering the eggs on the fish nest to incubate them can reduce or interrupt the chance of Saprolegnia zoospores infecting the fish eggs and obtain a higher hatching rate.

⑥ When hatching sticky fish eggs in ponds, you can use 7ppm malachite green to soak for 10 to 15 minutes for 2 consecutive days. Then sprinkle 10 to 15 kg of 70 to 100ppm solution on the water surface near the hatching rack once every morning and evening until the fry hatch.

⑦ For fish eggs incubated in running water, add malachite green solution every 6 to 8 hours until the fry are hatched.

7. Carp stupidity

[Symptoms] There are no obvious changes in mild infections. In severe cases, the intestines may be blocked, and inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and anemia may occur, and death may occasionally occur.

【Pathogen】Carp tapeworm.

[Epidemiology] It mainly harms adult carp and crucian carp, and is more common from April to August.

[Prevention and control methods] Mix dichlorvos with feed and take it orally.

8. Carp uterine nematode disease

[Symptoms] Carp uterine nematode disease is also known as red nematode disease. The scales of the infected fish are loose, and the muscles around the scales are congested, inflamed, and ulcerated. It is easy to cause complications of Saprolegniasis. The scales where the worm body is parasitic show irregular red-purple patterns, and the red worm body can be seen when the scales are lifted.

【Pathogen】Cyprinus carpio uterine nematode.

[Epidemiology] It mostly harms adult carp. In winter, the worms live under the scales, but the worms are small and do not show any signs of disease. When the water temperature warms up in spring, the worms grow faster and cause the fish to become sick.

【Prevention and treatment methods】

① Strictly disinfect with quicklime to kill the larvae.

② Scrub the affected area with iodine or 1% potassium permanganate, or soak it in 2% salt water for 10 to 20 minutes.

Nutritional value of carp

1. It can strengthen the spleen and stomach. From the perspective of Chinese medicine diet therapy, carp enters the spleen meridian and stomach meridian. For people with weak spleen and stomach after illness or postpartum, poor appetite, loss of appetite, and indigestion, eating carp appropriately has a good effect on strengthening the spleen and stomach.

2. It can promote diuresis and reduce swelling. For urinary problems, water-induced swelling, and ascites, eating carp appropriately can help promote diuresis and remove water, and has a significant effect in eliminating swelling all over the body.

Carp farming knowledge encyclopedia related articles:

★ What is the correct breeding method for small carp?

★ Knowledge about raising koi fish

★ How to raise small koi fish? Key points for raising small koi fish

★ What are the common sense of breeding and appreciation of golden koi?

★ Common carp diseases and prevention methods

★ How to raise small carp

★ How to raise carp

★ How to raise koi fish well

★ How to raise carp and the value of carp

★ Essential techniques for easy fishing in spring