CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Investigate ten common plants and animals, and observe their morphological structures and topics that interest you.

The azalea has a broad funnel-shaped crown, 5 petals, a large calyx with 5 deep lobes, ovate-elliptical or elliptic-lanceolate leaves, and a cylindrical stem.

The tepals of the lily of the valley are 9. The leaf tip is often truncated, with a concave fissure on each side.

Cherry blossoms

【Morphological characteristics】

The crown is oval to round, with single dead leaves alternately arranged with glandular serrations, and flowers solitary at the top of branches or in clusters of 3-6 in umbel or corymbose inflorescences, growing at the same time as leaves or before leaves and flowers, and the calyx tube is bell-shaped or tubular, and most cultivated varieties are double-petaled; the fruit is red or black, and matures in May-June.

Deciduous shrub. The branches are densely packed with fine thorns, and the young branches are pubescent. The twigs are purple-brown, and the old branches are gray-brown. The leaves are triangular-ovate to prismatic-ovate, 2-6 cm long, 0.8-2.5 cm wide, truncated or broadly cuneate at the base, with 3-5 deep pinnate lobes on each side, and the base of the lobes is deeply divided, with irregular sharp serrations on the edges. The inflorescence is compound umbel, and the peduncle and pedicel have long soft hairs; the flowers are white, about 1.5 cm in diameter; the calyx tube has long soft hairs on the outside, and the sepals are glabrous on both the inside and outside, or have hairs on the top of the inner surface. The pear fruit is dark red and nearly spherical. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruiting period is from September to October.

Peach

Morphological characteristics: deciduous small tree, up to 10m tall, with purple-brown, shiny bark, often with transverse rings, and peeling off when old. Leaves are narrowly ovate-lanceolate, 6-10cm long. Saw teeth are finely pointed, with few glands, flowers are light pink or white, and fruits are spherical, 3cm in diameter, with thin and dry flesh. Flowering period is March to April and fruiting period is July.

Salix matsudana

Morphological characteristics: Deciduous tree, up to 20m tall, 80cm diameter at breast height. The crown is obovate. The large branches are obliquely spread, and the young branches are hairy and fall off later, light yellow or green. The leaves are lanceolate or strip-lanceolate, with gradually long and pointed tips, narrow and rounded or cuneate bases, glabrous, slightly white on the underside, finely serrated, and young leaves are hairy and fall off later. There are 2 stamens, with separate filaments, long soft hairs at the base, and 2 glands. There are 2 glands in female flowers. Flowering period is April: Fruit ripening period is April to May.

reed

Morphological characteristics

Perennial aquatic or wetland tall grass, growing beside irrigation ditches, riverbank swamps, etc. The reed plant is tall, with well-developed creeping rhizomes underground. The stems are upright, 1 to 3 meters high, and white powder often grows under the nodes. The leaf sheath is cylindrical, glabrous or with fine hairs. The ligule is hairy, and the leaves are long linear or long lanceolate, arranged in two rows. The leaves are 15-45 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide. The panicle is densely branched and extends obliquely. The inflorescence is 10-40 cm long, and the spikelet has 4-7 florets; the glume has 3 veins, one glume is short, and the second glume is slightly longer; the first floret is mostly male, and the rest are bisexual; the second outer tip is long and acuminate, and the long filamentous soft hairs of the base are 6-12 mm long; the palea is about 4 mm long and rough on the ridge. It has long and sturdy creeping rhizomes, and mainly reproduces by rhizomes.

Pittosporum

【Morphological characteristics】

Evergreen shrub or small tree, up to 3 meters high. The branches and leaves are densely grown, and the crown is sparse. Most of the leaves are clustered at the top of the branches, and the simple leaves are alternate, sometimes in whorled shape at the top of the branches. They are thick, leathery, narrowly obovate, 5-12 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, entire, obtuse or concave at the top, cuneate at the base, and the margins are often slightly curled outwards, with petioles, bright green on the surface, and new leaves are yellow and tender. The cymes are terminal; the flowers are white or yellow-green, fragrant, and the pedicels are 0.8-1.5 cm long; there are 5 sepals, petals, and stamens; the ovary is superior and densely covered with short soft hairs. The capsule is nearly spherical, angular, up to 1.5 cm long, initially green, then yellow, and split into 3 lobes when mature, and the fruit lobes are woody; the seeds are bright red and mucus. The flowering period is May, and the fruit ripening period is September-October.

Gold and silver wood

Morphological characteristics: The golden and silver tree is a deciduous small tree, often growing in clusters like shrubs, with a rounded shape and can reach 6 meters in height. The twigs are hollow, with single leaves opposite each other; the leaves are ovate-elliptical to lanceolate; the tip is gradually pointed, and the leaves are sparsely covered with soft hairs on both sides. The flowers are in pairs in the axillary, with a two-lipped corolla. When the flowers bloom, they are white at first, and then turn yellow, hence the name "golden and silver tree". The berries are spherical and bright red. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruit ripening period is from August to October.

Euonymus japonicus

[Morphological characteristics]

The genus Euonymus is an evergreen shrub or small tree with slightly quadrangular twigs, densely growing branches and leaves, and a spherical crown. The leaves are single, opposite, obovate or elliptical, with blunt teeth on the edges, and dark green and shiny on the surface. The cymes are axillary, with long stalks, and the flowers are green and white. The capsule is spherical, light red, and the aril is orange-red.

Amorpha fruticosa

Morphological characteristics

Amorpha is a deciduous shrub of the genus Amorpha in the family Fabaceae. It is 1-4m tall, with dense branches and leaves, straight and dark gray and smooth bark, gray-brown twigs with raised rusty lenticels, densely covered with soft hairs when young; the lateral buds are very small, often two superimposed. Leaves are alternate, odd-pinnate compound leaves, 11-25 leaflets, ovate, narrowly elliptic, rounded at the tip, entire, with transparent oil glands inside the leaves. The racemes are densely terminal or axillary at the end of the branches, the rachis is densely covered with short soft hairs, the calyx is bell-shaped, often with oil glands, the standard petal is blue-purple, and the wing petals and keel petals are degenerate. The pods are short and curved, 7-9mm long, brown-brown, densely covered with tubercle glands, do not crack, contain 1 seed, the seeds are shiny, and the weight of 1000 seeds is 10g. The flowering and fruiting period is May-October.

Willow

Morphological characteristics: Tamarix is ​​a deciduous shrub or small tree. Leaves are alternate, lanceolate, scaly, small and densely grown, and light blue-green. The twigs are drooping, slender as silk, graceful and lovely. The racemes are clustered at the top of the branches of the year, forming a conical compound inflorescence; the flowers are pink, blooming in summer and autumn, and sometimes blooming three times a year. The capsule matures in October and is usually not solid. The old branches of Tamarix are reddish purple or light brown. Due to living in a harsh environment, the leaves become very small, densely growing on the branches like scales, and each leaf is only 1-3 mm long. Conical inflorescences grow on the top of the green twigs, and the flowers are small and dense, pink, elegant and pretty. The flowering period of Tamarix is ​​very long, from May to September every year, and new inflorescences are constantly produced. The old flowers fade and the new flowers bloom again. Within a few months, there are three ups and downs, which are endless, so some places also call it "Three Spring Willow".

The living habits of turtles, loaches, shrimps, lobsters, bullfrogs, pond mullets, and river crabs

1. Living habits of soft-shelled turtles

The turtle is an amphibious animal that breathes with lungs. It has no gills and uses its lungs to breathe when it crawls out of the water. It has a complete respiratory system including nostrils, trachea, bronchi and lungs. The lungs are large and have many bubbles, and are spongy, which makes it very adaptable to life in water. The mucous membrane of the turtle's pharyngeal wall is also covered with capillaries for gas exchange in the water. As the water flows in and out of the mouth, gas exchange in the water can also be carried out. Therefore, during the hibernation period, the turtle lives in the mud and sand at the bottom of the water. It only needs to extend the tip of its mouth and tubular nostrils to the surface of the mud and sand close to the bottom of the water to absorb dissolved oxygen in the water to maintain its life. Because the turtle has the above special organs, it can live underwater for a long time.

In the water systems of warm regions, the growth period of turtles is very long; in the northern regions, when the north wind howls, the ground is covered with frost, the grass withers, the reeds wither, and the water is cold, turtles hibernate in the mud and sand at the bottom of the water, not eating or moving. Turtles usually live on the mud and sand at the bottom of the water, with their heads and necks hidden in their bodies, and their eyes peeking at the underwater world. When fish and shrimps swim to their side, they suddenly stretch their necks to attack and bite them tightly. In late spring, hot summer and early autumn, when the waves are calm and warm and the ground is covered with green bacteria, they often crawl to the shore to bask in the sun. Around noon in the hot summer when the wind is calm, they often float to the surface of the water and stretch their tubular noses out of the water to breathe air. At the slightest disturbance, they immediately dive into the water. In the warm season, every rainy day with low air pressure, turtles also swim to the surface of the water to breathe, and sometimes their whole bodies are exposed above the water. Especially when it is cloudy, rainy, the rivers are swollen, and the waves are crashing on the shore, there are often old turtles weighing dozens of kilograms stretching their necks to look around.

The living habits of turtles can be summarized as "three likes and three fears", that is, they like quietness and fear being startled, they like sunshine and fear wind, and they like cleanliness and fear dirt. They react sensitively to the sounds of the surrounding environment. As long as there is a slight movement around them, turtles will quickly dive into the mud at the bottom of the water, so the environment of the turtle farm or turtle pond must be kept quiet. If turtles are often frightened, it will be very detrimental to their growth and reproduction.

The turtle is an omnivorous animal that mainly feeds on meat. Its main food is small fish, shrimp, snails, clams, aquatic insects, earthworms, animal offal, etc. It also eats vegetables, grass, fruits, etc. When food is insufficient, turtles of the same kind may cannibalize each other. Therefore, when raising turtles, they must be classified by size. Turtles of different sizes must not be mixed in the same pond to avoid killing each other and causing losses. Turtles are both greedy and tolerant of hunger. They will not die even if they do not eat for a long time after eating once. Of course, this is to maintain life activities by relying on the nutrients they have accumulated. When artificially breeding, they must be provided with sufficient food to accelerate their longevity.

The turtle is a cold-blooded animal, and is very sensitive to changes in ambient temperature. When the outside temperature drops below 15°C, the turtle stops eating and hibernates in the mud and sand at the bottom of the water (usually from October to April of the following year), and the hibernation period lasts for half a year. Therefore, if the turtle is raised under natural conditions, it will grow slowly, and generally only grow about 100 grams a year. In order to speed up the growth of the turtle, heating measures are often used in artificial breeding to break the turtle's hibernation habits and speed up its growth.

2. The life habits of loach

Loach likes to live in still water with thick silt. It lives in rice fields, ponds, lakes, rivers and other places with soft mud. Because it lives in silt with poor light, its eyes have degenerated and it can only rely on its tentacles to find food. Loach can live in water or silt with very little dissolved oxygen. In addition to breathing through gills, it can also absorb oxygen directly from the air through its skin and intestines. When the water temperature is high, the air pressure is low or the density is too high, and there is insufficient dissolved oxygen in the water, it can jump out of the water to swallow air and breathe through the intestine. The suitable living water temperature for loach is 20-30℃. When the water temperature is too high or too low, or when it is dry and the water is shallow, it often dives into the mud layer to survive the adverse environment. Usually, except for the reasons of lack of oxygen, disease and bad weather, it rarely moves in the middle and upper layers of the water. When the pool water dries up in winter, it drills into the soft mud, relies on a small amount of water to keep its skin moist, and breathes through the intestine to maintain life.

Loach is an omnivorous fish. Its main food is small crustaceans, insect larvae, water worms, algae, higher plant debris, bottom humus, etc. It preys on animal feed in the larval stage, then turns to omnivorous, and the adult loach mainly feeds on plant bait. When the water temperature is above 15℃, its appetite gradually increases. When it rises to 25-27℃, its appetite is particularly strong and it grows rapidly. Once it exceeds 32℃, its appetite decreases. It usually feeds at night, and during the reproductive period, it feeds during the day, and the female fish feeds significantly more.

3. Living habits of green shrimp

Green shrimp live in fresh water and can adapt to low-salinity waters. The water quality is required to be neutral or alkaline. When the water temperature rises, green shrimp move in shallow water along the pond and river bank, and move to deep water in autumn and winter. Due to the influence of dissolved oxygen and bait biological conditions in deep water, green shrimp rarely enter the deep water area in the center of the pond. The lurking depth that green shrimp adapt to is 1-1.5 meters. Green shrimp have weak swimming ability and usually climb and crawl on the bottom of the pond and in the water grass. They like to hide during the day and come out to move around and forage at night. During the winter, they lurk in gravel, mud holes, branches or grass at the bottom of the water, and come out around Qingming Festival.

Freshwater shrimps are omnivores that feed mainly on animal food. They have different feeding habits at different developmental stages. After the larvae are hatched, the stage from the first molt to the eighth or ninth molt is the larval development period, which lasts for 20-30 days (i.e. May-June every year). On average, they molt once every 1-3 days. Each time they molt, the shrimp grows larger. The food at this stage is mainly organic debris and unicellular algae, especially filamentous algae, drum algae and sessile algae in diatoms. Others include nauplii and insect larvae in the water, or artificially fed egg yolk and soy milk. After 4-5 molts, the larvae can be fed with cooked fish or other chopped animal feed. After the larval shrimp stage, it is the juvenile shrimp stage (from the end of metamorphosis to sexual maturity), and the living habits turn to bottom dwelling. They molt once every 7-11 days, and this stage lasts for 35-45 days. The food at this stage is mainly small aquatic insects, worms, animal carcasses, etc. They also like to eat crushed shellfish, fish, shrimp, silkworm pupae and other animal feeds fed artificially, as well as bean cakes, rice bran, water plants, vegetable leaves and other plant feeds, including fish meal, locusts, fly maggots, small clams, etc. Plant feeds include bean cakes, bean dregs, etc. Adult green shrimps especially like to eat sugar residue. When there is insufficient feed, green shrimps will kill each other.

Green shrimps are voracious and grow fast. After the palatable feed is put into the mouth, the stomach can be filled in 2-3 minutes, but the total feeding intensity depends on the water temperature. Generally, in March, when the water temperature reaches 14℃, they start to feed. From April to October, the feeding intensity is the highest. In December, they enter the wintering stage, that is, they rarely eat, and only eat a small amount when the temperature rises.

The living habits of turtles, loaches, shrimps, lobsters, bullfrogs, pond mullets, and river crabs

1. Living habits of soft-shelled turtles

The turtle is an amphibious animal that breathes with lungs. It has no gills and uses its lungs to breathe when it crawls out of the water. It has a complete respiratory system including nostrils, trachea, bronchi and lungs. The lungs are large and have many bubbles, and are spongy, which makes it very adaptable to life in water. The mucous membrane of the turtle's pharyngeal wall is also covered with capillaries for gas exchange in the water. As the water flows in and out of the mouth, gas exchange in the water can also be carried out. Therefore, during the hibernation period, the turtle lives in the mud and sand at the bottom of the water. It only needs to extend the tip of its mouth and tubular nostrils to the surface of the mud and sand close to the bottom of the water to absorb dissolved oxygen in the water to maintain its life. Because the turtle has the above special organs, it can live underwater for a long time.

In the water systems of warm regions, the growth period of turtles is very long; in the northern regions, when the north wind howls, the ground is covered with frost, the grass withers, the reeds wither, and the water is cold, turtles hibernate in the mud and sand at the bottom of the water, not eating or moving. Turtles usually live on the mud and sand at the bottom of the water, with their heads and necks hidden in their bodies, and their eyes peeking at the underwater world. When fish and shrimps swim to their side, they suddenly stretch their necks to attack and bite them tightly. In late spring, hot summer and early autumn, when the waves are calm and warm and the ground is covered with green bacteria, they often crawl to the shore to bask in the sun. Around noon in the hot summer when the wind is calm, they often float to the surface of the water and stretch their tubular noses out of the water to breathe air. At the slightest disturbance, they immediately dive into the water. In the warm season, every rainy day with low air pressure, turtles also swim to the surface of the water to breathe, and sometimes their whole bodies are exposed above the water. Especially when it is cloudy, rainy, the rivers are swollen, and the waves are crashing on the shore, there are often old turtles weighing dozens of kilograms stretching their necks to look around.

The living habits of turtles can be summarized as "three likes and three fears", that is, they like quietness and fear being startled, they like sunshine and fear wind, and they like cleanliness and fear dirt. They react sensitively to the sounds of the surrounding environment. As long as there is a slight movement around them, turtles will quickly dive into the mud at the bottom of the water, so the environment of the turtle farm or turtle pond must be kept quiet. If turtles are often frightened, it will be very detrimental to their growth and reproduction.

The turtle is an omnivorous animal that mainly feeds on meat. Its main food is small fish, shrimp, snails, clams, aquatic insects, earthworms, animal offal, etc. It also eats vegetables, grass, fruits, etc. When food is insufficient, turtles of the same kind may cannibalize each other. Therefore, when raising turtles, they must be classified by size. Turtles of different sizes must not be mixed in the same pond to avoid killing each other and causing losses. Turtles are both greedy and tolerant of hunger. They will not die even if they do not eat for a long time after eating once. Of course, this is to maintain life activities by relying on the nutrients they have accumulated. When artificially breeding, they must be provided with sufficient food to accelerate their longevity.

The turtle is a cold-blooded animal, and is very sensitive to changes in ambient temperature. When the outside temperature drops below 15°C, the turtle stops eating and hibernates in the mud and sand at the bottom of the water (usually from October to April of the following year), and the hibernation period lasts for half a year. Therefore, if the turtle is raised under natural conditions, it will grow slowly, and generally only grow about 100 grams a year. In order to speed up the growth of the turtle, heating measures are often used in artificial breeding to break the turtle's hibernation habits and speed up its growth.

2. The life habits of loach

Loach likes to live in still water with thick silt. It lives in rice fields, ponds, lakes, rivers and other places with soft mud. Because it lives in silt with poor light, its eyes have degenerated and it can only rely on its tentacles to find food. Loach can live in water or silt with very little dissolved oxygen. In addition to breathing through gills, it can also absorb oxygen directly from the air through its skin and intestines. When the water temperature is high, the air pressure is low or the density is too high, and there is insufficient dissolved oxygen in the water, it can jump out of the water to swallow air and breathe through the intestine. The suitable living water temperature for loach is 20-30℃. When the water temperature is too high or too low, or when it is dry and the water is shallow, it often dives into the mud layer to survive the adverse environment. Usually, except for the reasons of lack of oxygen, disease and bad weather, it rarely moves in the middle and upper layers of the water. When the pool water dries up in winter, it drills into the soft mud, relies on a small amount of water to keep its skin moist, and breathes through the intestine to maintain life.

Loach is an omnivorous fish. Its main food is small crustaceans, insect larvae, water worms, algae, higher plant debris, bottom humus, etc. It preys on animal feed in the larval stage, then turns to omnivorous, and the adult loach mainly feeds on plant bait. When the water temperature is above 15℃, its appetite gradually increases. When it rises to 25-27℃, its appetite is particularly strong and it grows rapidly. Once it exceeds 32℃, its appetite decreases. It usually feeds at night, and during the reproductive period, it feeds during the day, and the female fish feeds significantly more.

3. Living habits of green shrimp

Green shrimp live in fresh water and can adapt to low-salinity waters. The water quality is required to be neutral or alkaline. When the water temperature rises, green shrimp move in shallow water along the pond and river bank, and move to deep water in autumn and winter. Due to the influence of dissolved oxygen and bait biological conditions in deep water, green shrimp rarely enter the deep water area in the center of the pond. The lurking depth that green shrimp adapt to is 1-1.5 meters. Green shrimp have weak swimming ability and usually climb and crawl on the bottom of the pond and in the water grass. They like to hide during the day and come out to move around and forage at night. During the winter, they lurk in gravel, mud holes, branches or grass at the bottom of the water, and come out around Qingming Festival.

Freshwater shrimps are omnivores that feed mainly on animal food. They have different feeding habits at different developmental stages. After the larvae are hatched, the stage from the first molt to the eighth or ninth molt is the larval development period, which lasts for 20-30 days (i.e. May-June every year). On average, they molt once every 1-3 days. Each time they molt, the shrimp grows larger. The food at this stage is mainly organic debris and unicellular algae, especially filamentous algae, drum algae and sessile algae in diatoms. Others include nauplii and insect larvae in the water, or artificially fed egg yolk and soy milk. After 4-5 molts, the larvae can be fed with cooked fish or other chopped animal feed. After the larval shrimp stage, it is the juvenile shrimp stage (from the end of metamorphosis to sexual maturity), and the living habits turn to bottom dwelling. They molt once every 7-11 days, and this stage lasts for 35-45 days. The food at this stage is mainly small aquatic insects, worms, animal carcasses, etc. They also like to eat crushed shellfish, fish, shrimp, silkworm pupae and other animal feeds fed artificially, as well as bean cakes, rice bran, water plants, vegetable leaves and other plant feeds, including fish meal, locusts, fly maggots, small clams, etc. Plant feeds include bean cakes, bean dregs, etc. Adult green shrimps especially like to eat sugar residue. When there is insufficient feed, green shrimps will kill each other.

Green shrimps are voracious and grow fast. After the palatable feed is put into the mouth, the stomach can be filled in 2-3 minutes, but the total feeding intensity depends on the water temperature. Generally, in March, when the water temperature reaches 14℃, they start to feed. From April to October, the feeding intensity is the highest. In December, they enter the wintering stage, that is, they rarely eat, and only eat a small amount when the temperature rises.

4. Lobster’s living habits

The red claw crayfish has strong physiological adaptability, including tolerance to low oxygen and high temperature, except for eggs and larvae. The water bodies it inhabits are rivers, lakes, reservoirs and ponds. It lurks in places where the water can be trapped during the day, and comes out to forage in the evening and before dawn. It likes to be active at night, lives a bottom-dwelling crawling life, and likes to live in groups. During the mating season, all shrimps appear to be very active during the day. Experiments have shown that red claw crayfish can survive in water temperatures of 11°C and survive for 3 weeks in water temperatures of 5°C, but if they live in water temperatures of 9°C for a long time, a large number of deaths will occur. The shrimp will dig holes under unfavorable living conditions. It has been observed that this shrimp will dig holes during the winter in the softer pond mud.

Red claw crayfish have strong tolerance to low dissolved oxygen. They can survive when the dissolved oxygen in the water is 1 mg/L. They can also survive for a long time in a humid and slightly wet state. During breeding or wintering, red claw crayfish are often found on the embankment. Larvae and egg-bearing shrimps should not be in low dissolved oxygen, otherwise it will lead to the death of larvae and egg embryos. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen in the breeding process should generally not be lower than 4 mg/L, and the dissolved oxygen content should be higher during the hatching process.

Red claw crayfish are omnivorous animals. Under natural conditions, they mainly feed on organic debris, aquatic algae, filamentous algae, roots, leaves and fragments of aquatic plants. They especially like to eat juicy and tender green plants such as water lilies, water hyacinths, Malayan pondweed, duckweed and Vallisneria. They like to eat water worms, earthworms, aquatic insect eggs, pupae, snails, clams and fish meat. In artificial breeding, they can eat any commercially available compound feed in appropriate amounts.

Red claw crayfish will molt several times during their growth process from juvenile shrimp to adult shrimp. Under suitable environmental conditions, newly hatched juvenile shrimps will molt once every 1-2 days. As their bodies grow, the molting interval will be extended. During the molting period, the shrimp is most vulnerable to predators or predators of the same species, which is a dangerous period for the shrimp to die. If they are caught, moved, or the water quality is poor or there is a lack of oxygen during this period, they are prone to death.

5. The living habits of bullfrogs

Bullfrogs are cold-blooded animals. They lay eggs in their lifetime, and the eggs hatch into tadpoles, which live in water. After complete metamorphosis, they become young frogs and begin an amphibious life. Bullfrogs like to live by ditches and ponds. If there are floating plants on the water surface, they lie on the water with their heads out of the water. If disturbed, they dive into the water. Bullfrogs often live in groups of several or dozens of them. After adapting to the environment, they generally do not migrate. From April to September every year, bullfrogs begin to lay eggs in pairs. Fertilized eggs hatch into tadpoles in 3-4 days, live in water, and breathe with gills. After becoming young frogs, they live an amphibious life on land and in water. When the water temperature drops below 10℃ in winter, bullfrogs hide in caves or mud and hibernate. When the temperature rises above 10℃, they come out to look for food.

Bullfrogs are cold-blooded animals, and their body temperature changes with the external temperature. Under natural conditions, the water temperature for tadpoles to survive is 2-35℃; the most suitable water temperature for growth and development is 23-25℃; when the water temperature exceeds 35℃, the tadpoles will die one after another, and when the temperature is below 15℃, the tadpoles will not eat; when the water temperature is below 9℃, they will enter hibernation. The suitable temperature for adult frogs to eat and grow is 20-30℃, and the most suitable temperature is 25-30℃. When the water temperature drops below 18℃ in autumn, the appetite and activity weaken; below 15℃, they stop eating; and they start hibernation at 9-10℃. When the water temperature exceeds 32℃, the activity and feeding are significantly weakened, and when the water temperature exceeds 35℃, bullfrogs will die one after another.

Bullfrogs do not have protective tissues to prevent water evaporation on their skin, so they cannot stay out of water for a long time. Dry air or prolonged exposure to the sun can cause bullfrogs to die. The temperature of the skin directly affects the reproduction and ovulation of bullfrogs. The growth and development of tadpoles must be carried out in water, so water is an indispensable ecological need for bullfrogs. Bullfrogs are generally photophobic and hide during the day and come out at night. They like to live in a sunny environment that is conducive to growth, development and reproduction. But they avoid direct sunlight, prefer weak light, and even blue light.

Bullfrog tadpoles feed on organic debris and zooplankton, while young and adult frogs feed on some aquatic and terrestrial animals. When hunting, they choose safe, secluded shallow waters with abundant bait, or on land, and wait patiently. When they find a living prey, they jump and catch it by swooping. When the prey is far away, they crawl gently towards the target and wait for an opportunity to catch it. When there is a shortage of bait, bullfrogs have the phenomenon of eating smaller prey.

6. The living habits of the tang horn fish

Tanghorn fish is also called leather-bearded catfish: the head is flat, the back of the head is flattened, and the fish body is smooth and scaleless. The body color is dark gray or black, with gray-black erosion-like patches on both sides of the body, and the chest and abdomen are white. The mouth is wide, transversely cracked, and the teeth are sharp. The mouth is slightly lower, with 4 pairs of tentacles, and 2 pairs of upper and lower snouts. The upper and lower jaws and the vomer are densely covered with fine hair-like teeth.

It is native to the Nile River Basin in Africa. It likes warmth and is afraid of cold. The most suitable water temperature for its growth is 18-32℃. The most suitable water temperature for its growth is 22-32℃. It eats very little and grows slowly below 15℃. It will freeze to death when the water drops to the critical 7℃.

It lives in the lower layer of water, is agile at night, and eats a lot. Because the catfish has branch-like (also known as coral-like) respiratory auxiliary organs on the gills and skin breathing functions, it can survive in low-oxygen or shallow and polluted waters where ordinary fish cannot survive. As long as its body surface remains moist, it can survive out of water for several days. Because the catfish has a hard and thick spine on the outer edge of its pectoral fin, it can crawl on land and cross obstacles and migrate from one fish pond to another. Its four pairs of barbels are quite long and can move flexibly.

The leather catfish is an omnivorous fish that mainly feeds on animals. It is greedy and eats its fill at once, and has the habit of gathering in groups to compete for food.

7. Crab’s living habits

Naturally grown river crabs usually live in caves or secluded places. When food is plentiful and they are well fed, they often live in caves to avoid enemies. When there are no conditions for living in caves, they hide in gravel or grass. River crabs usually like to live in rivers, lakes and ponds with clean water and abundant aquatic plants. When in ponds, they often hide in the mud at the bottom of the pond. River crabs hide during the day and come out at night. When there is abundant food and a suitable environment, they settle down. Once they mature, they abandon their caves and leave.

River crabs grow in fresh water and reproduce in sea water. After the crab fry enters fresh water, they generally live in river bays and lakes with abundant bait for about 18 months, and their gonads gradually mature. Mature river crabs begin to lay eggs in the coastal areas where freshwater and seawater mix in late autumn and early winter. This is reproductive migration. Female crabs can lay eggs soon after mating. The eggs are attached to the female's abdominal limb hairs in strings and accumulate in the abdomen until the larvae hatch. This type of crab is called an "egg-carrying crab". River crabs can lay tens of thousands to millions of eggs at a time, and can lay eggs 2-3 times.

In nature, it takes 4 months for fertilized eggs to hatch, and the hatching rate can reach about 90%. The newly hatched larvae are very small and shaped like water fleas, called zoea. After five molts, the zoea grow into crab larvae (megalopa) in about 35 days. The crab larvae molt again and become young crabs. The crabs that have just shed their shells are called soft-shell crabs. They are unable to eat and defend themselves. The shells gradually harden after 1-2 days, and then they gradually move. After molting, the crab body increases significantly. After the river crabs reproduce, their bodies quickly age and die.

River crabs have a very diverse diet. They eat both meat and vegetables, and like to eat fish, shrimp, snails, worms, earthworms, insects and their larvae. They also eat injured or newly molted crabs. When hungry, egg-carrying crabs will eat eggs. In the natural environment, river crabs can easily get aquatic plants, so they mainly eat plants.

River crabs are very greedy, have a large appetite, and have a strong digestive ability. When food is abundant, they can eat a lot, but when food is scarce, they can go without food for several days or even a month without starving to death. This is because after a full meal, they will store excess nutrients in their livers. The "soft-shell crabs" that have just shed their shells use the pre-stored nutrients to sustain their lives. They stop or reduce their food intake during the winter in their caves.

River crabs are not only greedy, but also aggressive in snatching food. In order to compete for a delicious meal, they often kill each other.

1. Living habits of earthworms

Earthworms are nocturnal annelids that like warmth, humidity, and quietness, and are afraid of light, salt, and tannin. They live in moist, well-ventilated soil during the day. The depth of their habitat is generally 10 to 20 cm, and they come out at night to forage. They feed on rotten fallen leaves, dead grass, vegetable debris, crop straw, poultry and livestock manure, melon and fruit peels, waste residues from paper mills, breweries, or flour mills, and domestic garbage from residential areas. They especially like to eat sweets, such as rotten fruits, and they also like to eat sour food, but they don't like bitter food or food with tannin. Salt is toxic to them. Earthworms are aerobic lower animals. They are very sensitive to the surrounding environment and are suitable for living in loose soil with a temperature of 15 to 25 degrees, a humidity of 60% to 70%, and a pH value of 6.5 to 7.5. When the conditions are not suitable, they will crawl out and escape.

2. Living habits of snails

Snails are gastropods that prefer to live in waters that are warm in winter and cool in summer, with soft bottom, abundant bait, and fresh water. They especially prefer places with slight currents. Snails are omnivorous, eating microorganisms and organic matter in water or young stems and leaves of aquatic plants. Snails prefer to be active at night and eat more at night.

3. Living habits of centipedes

Under natural conditions, centipedes usually live on hillsides, fields, roadsides or weedy places during the day, or live along the edges, firewood piles, tile gaps, or in dark corners. They especially like to move among humus, stones and rubble on damp, old ground. The basic characteristic of their activities is hiding during the day and coming out at night. They stop eating when the temperature is below 10 degrees, and enter hibernation at minus 7 degrees. Centipedes are typical carnivores with a wide range of diets. They especially like to eat various insects and their eggs, pupae, and larvae. They also eat worms, earthworms, snails, and meat, viscera, blood, cartilage, etc. of various livestock and poultry, and aquatic animals. They also eat fruit peels, potatoes, carrots, tender vegetables, etc. Other things such as milk and bread can also be used as food for centipedes. I'm so tired

Poplar, willow, Chinese rose, rose, peach, peony, ginkgo, apple, walnut, clover, rice: grass plants, leaves are opposite, need a lot of water to grow, and the fruit is a jujube.

Corn: Grass, stalk-shaped, shallow and exposed roots, likes dryness, and has stick-shaped fruits

Banyan tree: woody, with well-developed aerial roots, a common tree species in the south, with flowers growing inside the fruit. Dogs are carnivores. When feeding, it is necessary to prepare more animal protein and fat in the feed, supplemented with vegetarian ingredients to ensure the normal development and healthy physique of dogs. ② The digestive tract of dogs is shorter than that of herbivores. The content of hydrochloric acid in the stomach of dogs ranks first among livestock. In addition, the intestinal wall is thick and has strong absorption capacity, so it is easy and suitable to digest meat food. ③ Dogs belong to the wolf family. They don’t chew much when eating, and can be said to be "wolf swallowing". If you want to feed crude fiber vegetables, it is best to chop or cook the vegetables. ④ The defecation center of dogs is not well developed, and they cannot defecate while walking, so we have to give them a certain amount of defecation time. ⑤ Dogs like to bite. This is also a habit left by biting prey in the original ecology. When feeding, we should often give them some bones from time to time to facilitate grinding teeth. ⑥ Dogs have unique self-defense capabilities. After eating poisonous food, they can cause vomiting reactions and spit out the poisonous food. ⑦ In the hot summer, dogs open their mouths wide and hang their long tongues, relying on the evaporation of water in their saliva to dissipate heat. ⑧ When dogs live in groups, they also have a "hierarchy" and a master-slave relationship. Establishing such an order can maintain the stability of the group and reduce the fierce fighting caused by the competition for food and living space. ⑨ When lying down, dogs always turn around, perhaps to lie comfortably, or perhaps it is some instinct left over. ⑩ Dogs like to be caressed on their necks and backs. Try not to touch the top of their heads, because this will make them feel depressed and dizzy. In addition, the buttocks and tails cannot be touched. "Dogs can't change eating shit", this is the biggest bad habit of dogs, which must be corrected. Dogs not only eat human shit, but also dog shit. The code of conduct for dogs towards strangers is to judge the strength of their opponents based on the height of their sight. When a stranger approaches, the pressure from above will make it uneasy. If you adopt a low posture, it will accept you. If it is lower than the height it can see with its eyes, it will feel more at ease. The dog's weakness is on the right side, and it will act to protect the right side. When it is chased to a dead end, it will lean its right side against the wall and face its left side to the enemy. This habit is an innate instinct of dogs. When a dog shows its belly to others, it means it is obedient and surrendering to the other party. There are also certain rules in the dog society. They will never attack opponents who fall down and expose their belly. When a dog sleeps with its belly facing up, it means it is very relieved or trusting, and it will let people see or touch its belly. Dogs like people more than their own kind. This is not only because people can take care of it and provide it with food and shelter. The more important reason is that dogs and people are companions and have established feelings. Dogs have a strong sense of protection for their owners. Some dogs rescued children from the water, burning houses or under cars. Dogs will help their dog friends who are in distress or injured. Dogs have territorial habits, which means they occupy a certain area and protect it to prevent other animals from invading. They use the secretions of anal glands to make their feces have a special smell, and the sweat secreted by the sweat glands between the toes and scratching on the ground with their hind legs as territory marks. Dogs are very jealous. When you focus on harassing a new dog and neglect to take care of it, it will get angry, disobey its established habits, and become irritable and destructive. Dogs are also vain and like people to praise and compliment them. When it does something good or does some tricks, you clap your hands to praise it and pet it, and it will be as satisfied as if it had eaten a sumptuous meal. Dogs are also shy. If it does something wrong or its fur is cut too short, it will hide somewhere and come out when it is hungry. In terms of memory, dogs seem to never forget the voice of a person who has been close to it, and they can also remember the places they have lived. But some people believe that dogs rely on their sensory sensitivity to recognize the voices of acquaintances and places. Dogs like to sniff everything. Sniffing territory marks, new dogs, food, poison, feces, urine, etc. When dogs are roaming outside, we often see them constantly urinating or squatting to defecate, spreading their feces on the road. And it walks by relying on these "stinky signs". Dogs like to chase creatures. For example, hunting and killing small animals. Chasing rabbits, cats, sheep, etc., and even chasing and biting humans. Humans use this characteristic of dogs to drive away sheep, cattle and protect humans themselves. When dogs are sick, they will instinctively avoid humans or other dogs and hide in the dark to recover or die. This is a "ancestral rebirth phenomenon". Dogs' ancestors lived in groups. If there are any sick or injured in the dog group, other dogs will kill them to avoid being implicated or left behind and suffer. This should attract the attention of dog owners or breeders, and they should be treated in time. Dogs do not like alcohol the most. When giving dogs injections in veterinary hospitals, they will act obediently before applying alcohol. Once the dog smells the smell, the dog's hair stands upright and growls uneasy. Dogs are afraid of fire, so they don't like anything that comes out of smoke, such as matches, smoking, etc. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 17. The tail is upward, the hair is standing up - I want to mess with me! I am very fierce! 18. The body is curled, the tail is relaxed against the body - huh...... It's so relaxed to rest... 19. The tail is swaying gently - hesitating, a little nervous, or is called by the master halfway through sleep, and I don't want to get up. 20. The tail is tightly wrapped around the body - I... I'm scared, but I'm going to scare you away...! 21. The tail is hanging - I'm playing! There's nothing exciting about it lately... 22. The ears are erect, and there's no special direction - a normal, relaxed, and a little alert cat. 23. The ears are flat and straightened back - roll away! I'm angry! : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : The head has a meat crown and a pair of wattles on the throat, which is a unique feature. The male and female are different in color. The male feathers are very similar to domestic roosters. The most significant difference is that the feathers on the head and neck are narrow and pointed, and the front is crimson red, turning backwards to golden yellow. These narrow and pointed long feathers extend from the neck to the back and cover the front of the back, making them more gorgeous than domestic chickens. The tail feathers and tail are both black and have metallic green reflective, and the feathers are white, which are particularly obvious when flying. The female is similar to domestic hens, with smaller body shapes than males and shorter tails. The head and neck are black and brown and red in red; the neck feathers are also special, with dark brown and golden feathers on the axis. They live in dense forests in tropical and subtropical mountainous areas, and often go to the fields on the edge of the forest to feed on plant seeds, buds, grains, etc., and eat insects and other small animals. The nest is located in a slightly concave place on the ground, covered with fallen leaves and weeds. Egg laying begins in southern Yunnan in February, March to May is the climax period, and some last until October. Pigs feeding behaviors include feeding and drinking water, and have various age characteristics. Pigs are born with genetic characteristics of soil, and soil foraging is a prominent feature of pig feeding behavior. Pigs have a highly developed organ, and smell plays a decisive role when feeding. Although in modern pig houses, good balanced diets are fed, pigs also show the characteristics of soil foraging. When feeding, pigs try to occupy a favorable position in the trough. Sometimes they step on the two front limbs in the trough to feed. If the trough is easy to approach, some pigs even drill into the trough and stand on the corner of the trough, just like wild boars foraging, arching along the trough, stirring the food out and throwing it all over the ground. Pigs feeding is selective and especially love sweets. Studies have found that newborn piglets who are not breastfeeding like sweets. Compared with powdered materials, pigs like to eat pelleted materials; compared with wet materials, pigs like to eat wet materials, and take less time. Pigs feeding are competitive. Pigs fed more and faster than pigs fed alone, and gain weight. Pigs feed 6 to 8 times during the day, 1 to 3 times more than at night, each feeding lasts 10 to 20 minutes, and are less than 10 minutes at a limited time. They can eat (free feeding), which not only takes a long time to feed, but also shows the hobbies and personality of each pig. The number of sucking times of piglets varies day and night depending on age, ranging from about 15 to 25 times, accounting for 10% to 20% of the total time of day and night. The feeding intake and feeding frequency of large pigs increases with weight gain. In most cases, drinking water and feeding are carried out simultaneously. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Pigs can smell black truffles growing 25-30 cm deep at a distance of 6 meters. Although dogs can also take on this job, training dogs is much more difficult than training pigs, and they have to let the dogs search every day. If they are a few days apart, they will forget. Pigs are much more capable than dogs in this regard. Even if they only search once a week, they will not forget the skills they have learned. Pigs are players on the sports field. A few years ago, at the National Farm Exhibition held in the United States, a unique pig race was held. At the referee's order, the pigs wearing labels ran after each other. When they were about to reach the finish line, they would make the final sprint.