CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How big can black carp grow and how big can it reproduce?

How big can black carp grow and how big can it reproduce?

Black carp is relatively large. In terms of length, the length of black carp can reach more than 1 meter, and the larger black carp can grow to 1.5 meters. In terms of weight, the weight of black carp can generally reach 15-20 kilograms, and the larger black carp weighs about 70 kilograms. The largest black carp recorded is more than 1.8 meters long and weighs more than 100 kilograms. However, artificially cultivated black carp are generally sold before they are fully grown, so they cannot grow so big. 1. How big can black carp grow? Black carp is a common freshwater fish, and its size is relatively large among freshwater fish. In terms of length, the length of black carp can reach more than 1 meter, and the larger individuals can reach 1.5 meters. In terms of weight, black carp can generally reach 15-20 kilograms. For example, the average weight of black carp living in the Yangtze River can reach this range. Black carp also has larger individuals, and its weight can reach about 70 kilograms. In the records, the largest black carp individual length reached more than 1.8 meters and weighed more than 100 kilograms.

Specifically, the body shapes of black carp living in different environments are also different. Some black carp are artificially bred, and generally they will be sold after three or four years. They have no way to continue to grow, so they generally cannot grow too large. Some species that live in the wild can continue to grow if they are not artificially caught, and they can grow relatively large. Of course, this also requires a suitable environment. If wild black carp live in a very unsuitable environment, it will also affect their body shape, causing them to not grow too large due to poor development.

2. How old does herring need to be to reproduce? In order for herring to reproduce, certain conditions must be met, and age is an important aspect. Because herring can only reproduce after sexual maturity. Specifically, the specific age of sexual maturity of female and male fish is different. Female fish reach sexual maturity relatively late, generally speaking, they can enter the sexual maturity stage at the age of 5 to 7. Male fish will reach sexual maturity earlier, at the age of 4 or 5, and can reproduce. In terms of weight, when the weight of herring reaches about 15 kilograms, it generally has the ability to reproduce.

How to raise black carp basic method

In black carp farming, many novice farmers don't know how to raise black carp. In fact, the method of raising black carp is not difficult. Here are the black carp breeding methods I carefully sorted out for you, let's take a look.

How to raise black carp

1. Pond conditions

It is better to choose a place with sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, no pollution source, ventilation and sunshine, and convenient transportation. The water quality is good, and the transparency is 30-40cm.

Fishpond requirements:

Fish pond type Area m2 Water depth m Bottom silt thickness Pond cleaning

Fish pond 667-2500 1-1.5 Flat soil <20cm Clean the pond 15 days ago

1-year-old pool 2000-4000 1.5-2 <30cm

2-year-old pool 3500-5000 1.8-2.2 <40cm

Adult fish pond 5000-10000 2-2.5 <40cm

In fish breeding and adult fish rearing ponds, feeding areas (or feeding tables) should be designated. The feeding areas are required to be flat, free of silt, and kept clean and hygienic all year round.

2. Fry cultivation

Apply 6000-7000kg/hectare of green manure or 3000-4000kg/hectare of manure 5-7 days before stocking. The organic fertilizer should be fermented, decomposed, and disinfected with 1-2% lime. Deepen the water to 0.5 meters 2-3 days after fertilization, and deepen to 0.6-0.7 meters after 5 days. Use a dense mesh to filter the water when it enters.

3. Fish fry stocking

Choose a windward location in sunny weather, release the fish that have been filmed for 5-7 days, and set the stocking density at 1 million to 1.5 million per hectare. Make sure the temperature difference does not exceed 2°C.

4. Feeding and Management

Soy milk is applied on the 1st to 10th day, 30kg/ha for the first 5 days, 40kg/ha for the last 5 days, and the amount is increased after 10 days, twice a day, evenly sprinkled throughout the pond. Add 15-20cm of water every 5-7 days, and add to a water depth of 1.3-1.5 meters when the summer flowers are removed from the pond. Apply topdressing in appropriate amounts according to the water quality of the cultivation pond. After about 25 days of cultivation, the fry will become summer flower fingerlings and should be sparsely divided into ponds, and 2-3 intensive exercises should be performed before leaving the pond.

5. One-year-old fingerling cultivation

The stocking time is before the summer solstice, with 80,000 to 100,000 black carp per hectare, 18,000 to 20,000 bighead carp per hectare, and 5,000 crucian carp per hectare.

First use a small amount of fine feed to lure the black carp to the feeding table, then feed bean cake slurry twice a day, 2-3kg/time per 10,000 fish. After 5cm, mix it with vegetable cakes, after 7cm, switch to soaked vegetable cakes or bean cakes, after 10cm, mix it with crushed snails, start with 30kg/10,000 fish, and then gradually increase the amount.

Implement "four fixed" when feeding. Fixed point: feeding table or feeding field; fixed time: twice a day, 8-9 am, 2-3 pm; fixed quality: give high-quality fresh bait according to different growth stages; fixed quantity: each feeding should be finished in 1.5 hours, and the monthly feeding amount accounts for the proportion of the total feeding amount: 4% in June, 15% in July, 23% in August, 25% in September, 15% in October, 10% in November, 4% in December, and 4% in January-March. The feeding field is cleaned and disinfected frequently to keep it hygienic. Water is added frequently to control the fertilizer degree and dissolved oxygen. Patrol the pond twice a day in the morning and evening, observe carefully, arrange production according to the situation, and treat diseases in time. Keep production records. When the temperature drops to 10-5℃, the pond should be removed, the pond should be merged, and restocked. The winter stocking density is 25g/m3, water is changed regularly, a small amount of feeding is fed, and quiet is maintained, and the water depth is kept at 1.8-2 meters.

6. Cultivation of 2- and 3-year-old fish

2-year-old black carp: 15,000-18,000/hectare, silver carp and bighead carp: 3,000/hectare, grass carp: 300/hectare, and crucian carp: 3,000/hectare.

3-year-old black carp: 5800-6200/ha, silver carp and bighead carp: 3,000/ha, grass carp: 300/ha, and crucian carp: 3,000/ha.

Feed mainly animal bait, supplemented by plant bait, or mixed bait, which should be fresh. In spring and autumn, when the disease is most prevalent, add more easily digestible food, and the feeding area should be larger. Keep the water fresh, disinfect the feeding area with drugs or use medicated bait to prevent and treat enteritis.

7. Fish breeding

1. Breeding method: 1500-1700 black carp/kg are raised in the pond, and silver carp, crucian carp and grass carp are raised in the same pond.

2. Feeding and management: Add water once every 10 days and keep the water depth at 2m.

3. Other production measures refer to fish seed breeding.

8. Fish disease prevention and control

Fish must be strictly disinfected before stocking. After they are put into the pond, 1g/m3 of crystal dichlorvos should be sprayed throughout the pond once. Then, they should be disinfected regularly with 25ppm quicklime, 1ppm bleaching powder, etc., and drugs to prevent enteritis should be fed regularly. The bait should be fresh and palatable. Dead fish should be fished out in time and buried deep in the soil. All fishing gear used should be soaked and disinfected.

The main diseases of black carp are as follows:

The main disease is enteritis, and the dosage is 30-50 mg/kg of fish weight/day of norfloxacin, 5-10 g/kg of garlic, 0.5 g/kg of allicin. On the first day, 50 mg/kg of sulfaguanidine (double the dosage for the first time) for 6 consecutive days.

Herring breeding method

1. Cultivation and transportation of black carp fry

1. Cultivation

① The area of ​​the pond should be 2-4 mu, and the water depth should be 1.5-2 meters. Regular pond cleaning and disinfection should be carried out.

② 3-5 days before releasing the fry, apply 200-250 kg of manure per mu to improve the water quality so that the black carp will have palatable bait after being released into the pond.

③ Release 5,000-10,000 black carp and black carp in the upwind direction after adjusting the temperature.

④ In the initial stage of stocking, the water should be fertilized and more small zooplankton should be cultivated for the black carp to eat. In the middle and late stages, feed and domesticate the black carp. Black carp has higher protein requirements than conventional fish. The protein content in the feed should not be less than 30%, and the fish meal content should not be less than 15%. After about 10 days of domestication, most fish can float to feed. During domestication, the feeding speed should not be too fast.

⑤ Regularly add new water and apply photosynthetic bacteria to keep the water fresh; regularly apply quicklime (20 kg/mu) to adjust water quality and prevent fish diseases.

2. Transportation

In black carp farming, the most common method of transporting black carp fry and fingerlings is to use nylon bags for oxygenated transportation. Nylon bags are white, transparent, high-pressure resistant polyethylene film bags, usually with specifications of 70cm×40cm. For long-distance transportation, they are covered with hard cartons or foam boxes, and can be used in vehicles such as cars, trains, and airplanes.

2. Herring breeding: adult fish breeding

Black carp can be raised as the main species in ponds or mixed with other domestic fish.

1. Pond Preparation

In black carp farming, the pond requires sufficient water source, pollution-free water quality, water depth maintained between 1.5 meters and 2.5 meters, an area of ​​5 mu to 10 mu, a solid bank, no water leakage, sufficient sunlight, a flat bottom, and less silt. Before stocking the fish, remove the excess silt in the pond, freeze and expose it to the sun for several days, add 30 cm of water, and then use 150 kg of quicklime per mu to melt and sprinkle the whole pond. After filtering and filling water every 2 to 3 days, soak 50 kg of tea seed cake per mu for a day and night before sprinkling. At the same time, it is required to have a power supply, and 1 3-kilowatt impeller aerator and 1 feeding machine are equipped for every 3 to 5 mu of water surface.

2. Fish stocking

In black carp farming, after the toxicity of the disinfectant disappears, filter and inject water to prevent wild fish from mixing into the pond. The stocking of fish should be completed around the end of February, because the water temperature is lower at this time, the fish scales are tighter, and the fish are not easily injured during operations such as pulling nets and carrying. 200 to 250 two-year-old black carp with a tail weight of 1 kg are stocked per mu, along with 100 silver carp with a tail weight of 0.3 kg, 50 bighead carp and 20 black snakehead with a tail weight of 0.05 kg. Before entering the pond, the fish should be immersed in a mixture of copper sulfate (8 g/m2) and bleaching powder (1 g/m2) for 20 to 30 minutes, or disinfected with 3% to 5% salt water for 15 minutes.

3. Feeding

Choose artificial compound feed with a crude protein content of more than 30%. The feed particle diameter is 4 mm and the length is 1.5 to 2 times the particle diameter. A feeding platform extending 3 to 4 meters to the center of the pond can be built with wood or bamboo boards. The black carp can be tamed to float up in groups to grab food, and gradually gather at the feeding platform for fixed-point feeding with a feeding machine. The daily feeding rate can be 1.5% in March, 2.0% in April, 3.0% in May, 4.5% in June, 5.5% in July, 6.5% in August, 5.0% in September, 3.0% in October, and 2.0% in November. It can be flexibly controlled according to water temperature, water quality, fish diseases, and fish eating activities. Feed 3 to 4 times a day. When carrying out the main breeding, while feeding artificial compound feed, regularly feed some fresh snail and clam meat into the pond to meet the nutritional needs of black carp and accelerate the growth of black carp.

4. Daily management

(1) Pond inspection: In black carp farming, farmers must inspect the pond every morning and evening to check the water quality and observe the fish conditions. From June to September, the aerator should be turned on for 1 to 2 hours at noon on sunny days and at midnight on rainy days. When the floating head is heavy, the aerator must be turned on until dawn.

(2) Water quality management: Add new water regularly to ensure that the water quality meets the requirements of "rich, active, tender and refreshing". Sprinkle quicklime throughout the pond once every 15 to 20 days in June (the dosage is 15 to 20 kg per mu).

(3) Fish disease prevention and control: Use chlorine-containing preparations to spray the entire pond for disinfection, and add drugs to the bait to make medicated bait for feeding.

Living environment of black carp

Black carp is inactive and usually lives in the middle and lower layers of water. Its food is mainly snails, mussels, clams, and clams. It also preys on shrimp and insect larvae. In the fry stage, it mainly feeds on zooplankton. Black carp grows rapidly and is large in size. The largest adult fish can reach 70 kg.

Black carp inhabits a very low layer of water and generally does not swim close to the water surface. They mostly feed and fatten in river bends and lakes along rivers where food is abundant, and hibernate in deep water. They move vigorously and are not easy to catch. Their oxygen consumption is similar to that of grass carp. When the dissolved oxygen content in the water is lower than 1.6 mg/L, their breathing is inhibited, and when it is as low as 0.6 mg/L, they begin to suffocate and die. They can survive in water temperatures ranging from 0.5 to 40°C. The optimum temperature for reproduction and growth is 22 to 28°C. They prefer slightly alkaline, thin water. They mainly feed on shellfish such as snails, clams, and young clams, and also eat a small amount of aquatic insects and arthropods. The daily food intake is usually about 40% of body weight, and can reach 60 to 70% when environmental conditions are suitable. When the fry are 7 to 9 mm long, they enter a mixed nutrition period, continuing to use their own yolk while beginning to feed on rotifers and nauplii; when they are 10 to 12 mm long, they feed on cladocerans, copepods and chironomid larvae; when they are about 30 mm long, their diet gradually differentiates and they begin to feed on small snails.