CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What are the basic conditions for shrimp farming ponds?

1. What are the basic conditions for shrimp breeding ponds?

Freshwater shrimps are benthic animals that live, move and feed mainly in the water grass at the bottom and edge of the pond. They have high requirements for environmental conditions. Ponds are the main place for freshwater shrimps to grow and fatten. The quality of pond ecological environment is directly related to the output and benefits of freshwater shrimp farming. Therefore, shrimp ponds must be constructed and renovated according to the environmental conditions required for freshwater shrimps to grow.

(1) Water source and water quality Shrimp ponds should be built near water sources, with sufficient water and good water quality, and without pollution sources around. It is better to build ponds in a concentrated area. The water source and water quality must meet the national standards for aquaculture water.

(2) Area and shape: There is no strict requirement for the size of a shrimp pond. Generally, 4 to 6 mu is appropriate for easy breeding management and water quality control. A shrimp pond should be rectangular and east-west oriented with a length-to-width ratio of 2:1 to 3:1 to facilitate lighting and net pulling operations, as well as to increase water temperature and dissolved oxygen.

(3) The ratio of the slope of the shrimp pond to the bank is usually larger, usually 1:2.5. There should be a shallow beach at the edge of the pond. The bank should be solid and strong, with a top width of more than 1 meter.

(4) Depth and bottom of the pond The water retention depth of the shrimp pond is about 1.5 meters, and the depth of the shallow water area at the edge of the pond is 0.6-0.8 meters. The bottom of the shrimp pond is preferably loam, the bottom of the pond is flat and tilted towards the outlet. The silt on the bottom of the pond should not be too much, generally about 10 centimeters. A shrimp collection ditch with a width of 3-5 meters, a depth of about 0.4 meters, and a slope ratio of 1:2.5-3 should be opened in the center of the pond bottom for drainage and shrimp catching. The entire shrimp pond is required to be leak-proof and have good water retention performance.

(5) Drainage and transportation: adopt a high irrigation and low drainage pattern, and build inlet and outlet channels. Usually, the water inlet is built at the top of the pond, located in the northeast of the pond; the outlet is built at the lowest point of the pond bottom, located in the southwest of the pond. If it is a concentrated shrimp pond, a drainage and irrigation station must be built. Implement unified planning of bridges, culverts, gates, stations, and buildings, and improve supporting facilities to ensure that the pond is complete, water, roads, and electricity are connected, and irrigation and drainage can be achieved, and harvests can be guaranteed regardless of drought or flood.

(6) The environment inside and outside the shrimp pond There are no tall trees or buildings around the shrimp pond, which is conducive to ventilation and lighting, convenient for pulling nets, and the environment is quiet, clean and hygienic. Aquatic plants are planted in the shrimp pond to increase the habitat and activity space for freshwater shrimps, creating conditions for three-dimensional shrimp farming. High-yield shrimp ponds should also be equipped with oxygenation equipment.

This article is from: China Agricultural Press "China Biotechnology Development Report"

2. What are the requirements for water quality management in pond shrimp farming?

Strengthening the management of shrimp pond water quality and creating a good ecological environment are important measures to achieve high yields of shrimp farming in ponds. Specifically, the following four aspects should be mastered:

(1) Manage the water quality of shrimp ponds in accordance with the requirements of water environment conditions for the growth and development of freshwater shrimps. Freshwater shrimps are crustaceans, and require the dissolved oxygen in the pond water to be above 5 mg/L, the pH to be 7-8, the water transparency to be around 40 cm, the silt at the bottom of the pond to be around 10 cm, the organic matter content to be low, and the water quality to be fresh and lively. During the shrimp farming process, strengthen the monitoring and regulation of water quality, maintain good water quality, and promote the growth of freshwater shrimps.

(2) Manage the water quality of shrimp ponds according to the changing rules of the main water quality factors. Dissolved oxygen is an important factor in water quality. The main sources of dissolved oxygen in water are: first, photosynthesis of green plants; second, dissolving oxygen in the air into water through wind diffusion; third, supplementing oxygen in water through artificial measures. The consumption of dissolved oxygen in water is: first, oxygen consumption by aquatic organisms; second, wind diffusion, which returns dissolved oxygen in water to the air; third, oxygen consumption by the decomposition of organic matter in the pond. The diurnal variation of dissolved oxygen in water is: in clear weather, due to the photosynthesis of green plants, a large amount of oxygen is released, and the dissolved oxygen in water reaches saturation around noon. At night, the photosynthesis of green plants stops, aquatic organisms consume a lot of oxygen by breathing, and organic matter decomposes and consumes oxygen. The dissolved oxygen in the shrimp pond is at the lowest level before dawn. Therefore, it is easy to cause hypoxia in shrimp at night and early morning. In addition, the water quality of shrimp ponds can also cause hypoxia through irregular fertilization, the death of a large number of algae, or continuous rainy weather. Pond inspections should be strengthened, attention should be paid to the changes in water quality and dissolved oxygen, and oxygenation measures should be taken in time to avoid hypoxia accidents and losses. The pH change of shrimp ponds is mainly caused by the metabolites of anaerobic bacteria and the organic acids produced by the decay of leftover bait. In addition, factors such as acid rain can also cause changes in the pH of pond water. The transparency of shrimp pond water is mainly determined by the amount of suspended matter in the water, especially the amount of algae. Usually, tea brown and oily green are better, and the transparency is about 40 cm. Water quality management should be strengthened according to the day and night changes of these factors.

(3) Manage the water quality of the shrimp pond according to the seasonal changes in fishing seasons. In the early stage of shrimp fry stocking, the water depth of the shrimp pond can be maintained at about 0.8 meters. August to September is both a hot weather and the peak season for the growth of freshwater shrimp, so the pond water should be filled to a depth of 1.2 to 1.5 meters. The water quality in autumn is very easy to change. Depending on the water quality of the shrimp pond, water should be added or changed once every 7 to 10 days. The amount of water changed should not be too large, generally about 1/4. Or start the aerator regularly to add oxygen to the shrimp pond. In normal times, if the water quality is found to be too rich or too concentrated, water should be added or changed in time to regulate the water quality.

(4) Manage the water quality of the shrimp pond according to weather changes. Keep listening to weather forecasts and patrol the pond in the morning and evening to observe changes in the water quality of the shrimp pond. Take appropriate measures based on the weather, water quality and shrimp activity to maintain good water quality.

This article is from: China Agriculture Press "Green Development and Green Plant Protection"

3. Request! The requirements for water quality and climate environment for shrimp farming!

Water quality: 9.5> ph value> 6.5

Climate: Autumn is the best time for cool weather

Water temperature: greater than 20 degrees and less than 33 degrees

Salt content: >3 grids in the seedling stage (the exact amount is unknown). It is not very important in the rest of the growth period.

Environment: Fresh water is preferred

Shrimp farming is not like factory production. There are many variables in the farming process. It is a high-tech, high-profit, and high-risk project. If you invest, please be careful!