CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Are tilapia, crucian carp, dace carp and grass carp easy to raise in fish ponds?

Grass carp is the most common fish species in daily life, and grass carp eats grass, so breeding cost is low. Silver carp and bighead carp can purify water quality, and the head of silver carp and bighead carp has high nutritional value. Engineering crucian carp is large in size and grows fast. This is a kind of crucian carp that many fish farmers like to breed. As for what kind of fish is most suitable for breeding, it depends on your personal breeding technology, fish pond conditions and local consumption preferences. At present, the four major carps are still the most consumed in the country, and these four types of fish are relatively easy to breed.

If the pond has not been dried for more than two years, it is recommended to dry the pond first, and then expose it to the sun for half a month, usually in March. The mud at the bottom of the pond is exposed to the sun until it cracks, but not to the extent of turning white. Then add 30cm of water and use 80 to 120 kilograms of lime per mu to disinfect the entire pond. Add water five to seven days after disinfection. If you are a novice in breeding, I suggest that you first breed some fish that are not easy to get sick, such as catfish, mullet and other easy-to-raise fish that are not easy to get sick, and then mix some common fish such as carp. The main thing is that you can learn more about fish breeding experience in the first year of breeding, which will lay the foundation for long-term breeding in the future.

Many people think that the more fish fry you put in a pond, the more fish you will harvest. In fact, this is wrong. Generally, the maximum number of fish that can be raised in a pond of one acre is 1,800. If it exceeds 1,800, the density of the fish pond is too small, which will cause them to lack oxygen in the water, causing large-scale deaths of fish in the pond. Grass carp, carp and crucian carp together constitute the most common fish species raised in ponds in the south. Grass carp has thick meat, which is not as tender as carp and crucian carp, but it has more meat and relatively larger bones, so grass carp still has a certain number of fans in the market.

Natural bait refers to phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic organisms, aquatic plants, wild fish, shrimps, etc. produced by the water body itself. Artificial compound bait refers to hard granular bait prepared and processed according to the different protein, fat, and sugar requirements of different fish. The air in the countryside is fresh and the water is not very turbid. The fish raised are very sweet. Choose a location with convenient transportation to raise them.

Grass carp is the most common fish species in daily life, and grass carp eats grass, so breeding cost is low. Silver carp and bighead carp can purify water quality, and the head of silver carp and bighead carp has high nutritional value. Engineering crucian carp is large in size and grows fast. This is a kind of crucian carp that many fish farmers like to breed. As for what kind of fish is most suitable for breeding, it depends on your personal breeding technology, fish pond conditions and local consumption preferences. At present, the four major carps are still the most consumed in the country, and these four types of fish are relatively easy to breed.

If the pond has not been dried for more than two years, it is recommended to dry the pond first, and then expose it to the sun for half a month, usually in March. The mud at the bottom of the pond is exposed to the sun until it cracks, but not to the extent of turning white. Then add 30cm of water and use 80 to 120 kilograms of lime per mu to disinfect the entire pond. Add water five to seven days after disinfection. If you are a novice in breeding, I suggest that you first breed some fish that are not easy to get sick, such as catfish, mullet and other easy-to-raise fish that are not easy to get sick, and then mix some common fish such as carp. The main thing is that you can learn more about fish breeding experience in the first year of breeding, which will lay the foundation for long-term breeding in the future.

Many people think that the more fish fry you put in a pond, the more fish you will harvest. In fact, this is wrong. Generally, the maximum number of fish that can be raised in a pond of one acre is 1,800. If it exceeds 1,800, the density of the fish pond is too small, which will cause them to lack oxygen in the water, causing large-scale deaths of fish in the pond. Grass carp, carp and crucian carp together constitute the most common fish species raised in ponds in the south. Grass carp has thick meat, which is not as tender as carp and crucian carp, but it has more meat and relatively larger bones, so grass carp still has a certain number of fans in the market.

Natural bait refers to phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic organisms, aquatic plants, wild fish, shrimps, etc. produced by the water body itself. Artificial compound bait refers to hard granular bait prepared and processed according to the different protein, fat, and sugar requirements of different fish. The air in the countryside is fresh and the water is not very turbid. The fish raised are very sweet. Choose a location with convenient transportation to raise them.

Recently, the international market demand for tilapia has bottomed out and rebounded, but the domestic market trend is still unclear and continues to be sluggish. The reason is somewhat related to the extensive farming and drug residues in the aquaculture frontline. Can tilapia farming start from itself and standardize farming? Has the current tilapia farming environment really reached a "dead end" and has there been no way out?

In the process of tilapia farming, most of the farmers will calculate the input costs of feed, pond rent, electricity, labor, medicine, etc. on tilapia. It is easy to make great adjustments to farming with price fluctuations, which seriously affects the production of farming. But there are always some farmers who continue to make money in the market, and they tend to pay more attention to the comprehensive benefits of fish ponds. First of all, the feed put into the fish pond is first eaten by tilapia and grass carp feeding on the upper surface of the water. Secondly, the excrement and remaining feed of tilapia and grass carp are decomposed by microorganisms in the water, and algae and plankton are cultivated, which become the main food source for silver carp and bighead carp in the middle layer of the pond. Then, the feces and leftover bait of silver carp and bighead carp become food for carp, crucian carp and dace living at the bottom of the water, forming a scientific food chain. This is the advantage of large-scale mixed farming in fish ponds, that is, the feed put into the fish pond is fully absorbed and utilized by various fish. In recent years, the greater the feeding amount per mu, the higher the yield of surface fish and bottom fish, which has also been verified by many farmers in the market.

The following is a successful case of tilapia farming that has lasted for many years. I hope it will be inspiring to fellow farmers.

Table 1 shows the breeding data of Mr. Xie from 2011 to 2014. For four consecutive years, the profit per mu was 3,800±500 yuan. The data in the article are only the data that are currently recorded. Before 2011, Mr. Xie also made continuous profits by breeding tilapia. In 2012, Mr. Xie suddenly wanted to try breeding grass carp. Later, due to the lack of support in the market sales link, the breeding production of that year was affected to a certain extent, but the profit was still slightly higher than the market average. This reminds us that breeding production should be adjusted according to the local market environment, rather than raising whatever fish has a good price. Tables 2 and 3 show the stocking situation from 2013 to 2014.

Table 2 Seedling stocking in 2013

Table 3 Seedling stocking in 2014

Figure 1 is the analysis of the profit contribution of various fish species in the tilapia farming market by Jiangmen Haida Feed Co., Ltd. It is obvious that the profit contribution of tilapia, bighead carp and dace is higher than 80%. From Table 1, we can see that Mr. Xie's tilapia production has fluctuated greatly in the past four years, but the production of bighead carp and dace has remained at a relatively high level. Bighead carp and dace have largely guaranteed the profits of tilapia farming. I understand that when the price of tilapia is good, these two fish covers can make the fish pond more profitable, and when the price of tilapia is low, the fish pond can still keep from losing money or making a profit.

In the breeding process, Mr. Xie regularly used Hailianke products for soil modification, water adjustment, and internal health care. What else did he do to achieve continued success? The stocking information in 2013 and 2014 in Tables 2 and 3 may give us a glimpse of the clues. First, the stocking specifications of bighead carp are 1-2 taels larger than the market at the same period, and the density is reasonable; second, the stocking specifications of grass carp (100 fish/jin) are far higher than the market (7-8 days, about 1800-2800 fish/jin) at the same period, and the breeding density (3500-4400 fish/mu) is much higher than the market (1000-2000 fish/mu) at the same period; in addition, the feeding amount per mu (1.0-1.5 tons/mu) is higher than the market (0.6-0.8 tons/mu) at the same period, and after the first net of tilapia is caught (Boss Xie caught a batch of tilapia in multiple times and put them on the market) or when the water in the feeding area is found to be turbid, more granular fish feed will be added to feed the grass carp until the pond is dried up and the fish is sold. In the process, the grass carp will be sampled to ensure that the grass carp reaches the market specifications.

Fish suitable for farming in rural areas include silver carp, bighead carp, grass carp, carp, crucian carp, tilapia, blunt-head sea bream, etc. These fish grow fast, have strong adaptability, and have special and delicious feeding habits. They are suitable for small-scale agriculture in rural areas of China.

1. Herring: Silver carp, bighead carp and grass carp are all specialty fish in China. Together with herring, they are often called the "four major fishes". Herring is named for its black body color. Because its staple food is snails and clams, it is not often farmed in the north. Blunthead sea bream is also a specialty fish in China.

2. Tilapia: Tilapia is native to Africa. There are many types of tilapia, most of which are herbivorous fish. In addition to being not cold-resistant, tilapia has strong adaptability and delicious meat. It is also a kind of fish that people like to breed.

3. Claws Another fish that feeds on animal and plant debris and algae is called clawed frog, which is suitable for mixed breeding in ponds. Among them, the largest one is called fine-scaled oblique jaw, also known as yellow croaker in Heilongjiang and "sand croaker" in the south.

4. Silver carp: Also known as silver carp. It has a large head, thin scales, a silvery white body, and a blade-like structure on its abdomen, called the ventral margin. It lives in the upper layer of the water and can jump. It is easy to jump out of the taunt when pulling the net. Its mouth has a thin net like a gill raker, which looks like a layer of foam at first glance. When it breathes, it filters the water in the gill raker and keeps the plankton in its mouth.

Silver carp have few diseases, are very strong, easy to keep and grow very fast. A 10 cm fish can grow to about 250 grams from spring and summer to late autumn. Silver carp meat is very tender. Large silver carp has a high fat content. Its own fat is enough to make Liangcha whole fish meat into fried fish.

5. Bighead carp: Also known as silver carp. Because it has many black stripes on its body and a big head, it is also called fathead. Silver carp is slow-moving and cannot jump, so it is also called bighead carp. "Yong" means inactive. The gill rakers in the mouth of silver carp are much thinner than those of bighead carp. In addition, bighead carp has a large mouth and filters water much faster than silver carp, but because the gill rakers are sparse, smaller phytoplankton can easily leak out, so silver carp mainly feeds on zooplankton.

6. Carp: Carp is a common economic fish, widely distributed in my country, with strong adaptability, and is more suitable for breeding. This fish mainly lives at the bottom of the water and can accept a variety of foods. Artificial breeding mainly feeds it with high-protein feeds such as bean cakes and silkworm pupae, so that it can grow fast and well.

7. Crucian carp: Crucian carp is a common freshwater fish in my country, and is distributed in waters outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. As an omnivorous fish, it has a wide range of food habits, strong adaptability, and is relatively disease-resistant. In addition, it grows fast and has low temperature requirements. It is very suitable for breeding in rural fish ponds and has good economic benefits.

8. Grass carp: Grass carp grows fast and has delicious meat, so it is very suitable for breeding in rural fish ponds. It is a middle and lower layer fish and mainly feeds on various plants. If it is artificially raised, you can choose some granular feed, so that it will grow better. Each time you feed it, you only need to feed it until it is 80% full, and clean up the uneaten food.