CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to prevent and treat Staphylococcus aureus in chickens?

1. How to prevent and treat staphylococcal disease in chickens?

Staphylococcus aureus treatment. Many antibiotics and sulfonamides can kill staphylococci. For a chicken farm, which drug is the most effective and economical? It is necessary to conduct drug sensitivity tests on the staphylococci isolated in the farm and select the most sensitive drug for treatment to obtain satisfactory results. When the effect of a drug is not satisfactory, another drug should be replaced in time. Commonly used drugs are:

①Gentamicin: 4000 units per head, twice a day, for 3-5 days. ②Kanamycin: 2000-3000 units per head, twice a day, for 3-5 days. Or 4000 units per head in drinking water, for 7 days. ③Penicillin: 50,000-100,000 units per kilogram of body weight, twice a day, for 3-5 days. ④Midecamycin: 0.011% mixed with feed or drinking water, for 5 days. ⑤Sulfadimethoxine: Add 5 grams per kilogram of feed, for 3-5 days. ⑥Supplement 14: 0.2% in drinking water, once a day, for 7 days.

While using medication for treatment, use 0.3% peracetic acid, 0.1% Disinfectant King or 0.5% Bacterial and Virus Hostile Chicken House for disinfection. When the disease occurs, disinfect twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, with a dosage of 20 to 30 ml of disinfectant per square meter.

2. How to prevent and control rabbit diseases?

Preventing rabbit diseases means taking effective measures to prevent uninfected rabbits from getting sick. To this end, the following aspects must be done well:

First, scientific feeding and management should be carried out, feed should be properly formulated, attention should be paid to supplementing vitamins and essential mineral elements, the rabbit house and environment should be kept clean and hygienic, feeding tools, cages, farrowing boxes, etc. should be disinfected regularly, and dead rabbits should be handled promptly and safely.

The second is to vaccinate rabbits with rabbit vaccines in a timely manner, and add certain antibiotics and sulfonamides to the feed when necessary to improve the rabbits' disease resistance.

Third, it is necessary to formulate strict disinfection and epidemic prevention systems and specific measures to protect the rabbit population from infection by diseases and prevent them from happening.

Fourth, prevent rabbits from accidentally ingesting toxic substances, do not feed them green fodder contaminated by pesticides and moldy and spoiled feed, and use anthelmintics and other drugs correctly.

3. How to prevent and treat sweet potato diseases?

(1) Symptoms are generally divided into two types: mosaic and fern. Symptoms of mosaic are: leaves are yellow and green, leaf shape is irregular, leaf surface is uneven, diseased vines are thin and weak, internodes are shortened, and fruits are deformed. Symptoms of fern are: heart leaves turn yellow, new leaves shrink and deform, small leaves and chicken claw leaves appear, plants are dwarfed, flower organs are poorly developed, and fruit setting is difficult. Fruits infected by the virus have tumor-like protrusions on the peel, are deformed, have hard flesh, have yellow blocks, are of poor quality, and cannot be eaten. (2) Prevention and control methods ① Remove weeds and kill aphids in the field in time to prevent insect transmission. ② Strengthen seed disinfection. Soak seeds in 10% sodium phosphate solution for 20 minutes before sowing, wash with clean water, germinate and sow, and inactivate viruses on the surface of seeds. ③ Strengthen field fertilizer and water management, apply sufficient base fertilizer, apply nitrogen fertilizer in time, strengthen irrigation, increase soil and air humidity, promote plant growth, and reduce damage. ④ Timely control of aphids, beetles, planthoppers, thrips, leafminers, root-knot nematodes, etc. ⑤ Timely early sowing or use simple small arch sheds to advance the fruit maturity and harvest period to avoid the peak of viral disease. ⑥ At the early stage of the disease, spray 500 times of 20% virus A wettable powder, or 1000 times of 15% plant disease emulsion, or 300 times of anti-toxic agent No. 1 and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to enhance plant resistance. At the same time, remove diseased plants in time to avoid cross infection during manual pruning. ⑦ Choose disease-resistant and disease-resistant varieties, such as Watermelon Antivirus No. 1 and Watermelon Antivirus No. 3.

4. What diseases are chickens prone to and how to treat and prevent them?

(I) Fowl plague Fowl plague is an acute septicemia caused by a virus. It usually occurs in spring and autumn, is fast-spreading, and has a high mortality rate. The disease is latent for 3-5 days. It is divided into three types: the most acute type, the acute type, and the chronic type. Generally, the initial outbreak is acute. Main symptoms: fever (43-44°C), closed eyes, loose hair, shrinking neck, drooping wings, unstable gait or turning in circles; black and purple crown, mucus in the mouth, shaking head, gurgling, making "cluck, cluck" sounds, difficulty breathing, and pulling green or yellow feces; in the later stage, the legs and wings are paralyzed, and the mortality rate is high. Prevention: The most reliable method is vaccination. 1. Vaccination: For chicks aged 1-2 weeks, use the Newcastle disease II vaccine diluted 10 times and drip into the nose; repeat it once every 10 days; for medium and large chickens over 2 months old, use the I vaccine diluted 1000 times, and inject 1 ml intramuscularly for each chicken, which can be immune for one year. 2. Drinking water immunization method: Dilute the chicken Newcastle disease III (F) vaccine into a 0.1-0.3% aqueous solution, let the chicken eat freely, and drink it again after 10-30 days, which can be immune for 7 months. 3. Strictly block the epidemic area and disinfect it thoroughly. There is no specific drug treatment for this disease at present. You can try: 1. 3-5 pieces of garlic, smash and mix with a small amount of sulfur powder and raw oil and take it orally twice a day. 2. Smash half a grain of croton (available in pharmacies, toxic, strictly control the dosage) and mix with a small amount of raw oil and take it orally twice a day. 3. Dilute the chicken Newcastle disease I vaccine 500 times, inject milliliters into the muscle of each sick chicken, and it has a certain effect. According to the information: For sick chickens with neurological symptoms, they usually recover 2-3 days after injection. (II) Fowl cholera Fowl cholera is a highly contagious disease, generally with sporadic local epidemics, which can occur all year round. It is sometimes more contagious than fowl plague, and often causes sudden death without any symptoms. This disease can infect ducks and rabbits at the same time. Prevention: Regularly inject fowl cholera vaccine every year. For chickens over 2 months old, regardless of size, inject 2 ml intramuscularly (or subcutaneously) for each chicken, and once every 4-6 months for vaccination; you can also add 0.01% potassium permanganate (manganese dioxide) or 0.2% sulfadimethoxine sodium aqueous solution to the drinking water, which also has a certain preventive effect. Treatment: 1. Penicillin 30,000-50,000 international units per chicken, for intramuscular injection, 3 times a day. 2. Sulfathiazole sodium or sulfadimethoxine sodium intramuscular injection, 1 gram per chicken each time (each tablet contains 250 mg), 2-3 times a day. The above drugs have definite efficacy, but the cure rate is lower after the chicken turns black and purple. (III) Pullorum Pullorum is a bacterial infectious disease that can affect both large and small chickens, but it is more common in chicks around half a month old, with a high mortality rate. Main symptoms: sick chicks are listless, have shrunken heads, drooping wings, and pass white, paste-like loose feces. Their anuses are often stuck with feces, and they make "squeak, squeak" sounds when they defecate. Adult chickens are mostly trapped carriers, and only in severe cases can they have anemia and diarrhea, and the egg production of hens is significantly reduced. Treatment: 1. Add 200-400 mg of furazolidone (i.e. 2-4 tablets) per kilogram of feed, mix well and feed the chickens, use it for 7 consecutive days, stop for 3 days, and then feed for another 7 days. 2. Feed 200 mg of oxytetracycline (or chlortetracycline, tetracycline) per kilogram of chicken body weight (each tablet contains 250 mg); or add 2-3 grams of oxytetracycline (i.e. 8-12 tablets) per kilogram of beverage, mix well and feed the chickens, use it for 3-4 consecutive days. 3. Each chicken should be fed with 2000 international units of penicillin per day for 7 consecutive days. 4. Add 10 grams (i.e. 20 tablets) of sulfaguanidine (or iodine pyrimidine) or 5 grams (i.e. 10 tablets) of sulfamethoxazole (or iodine pyrimidine) per kilogram of feed and feed the chickens for 5 consecutive days; streptomycin or chloramphenicol can also be added to the drinking water at 0.1-0.2% for 7 consecutive days. It is best to use the above drugs alternately to improve the efficacy. (IV) Main symptoms of chicken mycoplasma disease (chronic respiratory disease): respiratory rales (easier to hear at night), runny nose, coughing and sneezing; loss of appetite and weight loss. In the later stage, it is common to see swelling of the eyelids, protrusion of the eyes like tumors, and atrophy of the eyeballs due to pressure, causing blindness. The course of the disease is one to several months. Prevention: Disinfect regularly and keep the chicken house clean; use 2000 units of streptomycin drops in the nose for each hatched chick. Treatment: 1. Streptomycin: 90,000 units for chicks, 100,000 units for medium-sized chickens, and 200,000 units for large chickens for intramuscular injection, 3 times a day, for 3-5 consecutive days. 2. Add 400-800 mg of oxytetracycline or tetracycline per kilogram of beverage (each tablet contains 250 mg), mix well and feed the chickens. 3. Qinmiaolin is particularly effective against mycoplasma disease. Add 125-250 mg of Qinmiaolin aqueous solution to 1000 ml of water for chicken diet. (V) Coccidiosis Coccidiosis is a serious and common disease that harms chicks. Chickens aged 15-25 days are most susceptible to infection, and the incidence and mortality rates are very high. The incidence rate is highest in the rainy season, and once the disease occurs, it will cause widespread epidemics. Adult chickens infected with coccidiosis have slightly milder symptoms and rarely die. Main symptoms: The sick chicks first show general weakness and mental depression, like to crowd together, drooping wings, messy hair, eyes closed, sleepy; diarrhea, brown-red bloody feces; pale crown and beard, drink a lot of water, then stop eating, and finally become extremely thin. Prevention: 1. Keep the chicken house clean and dry, and disinfect it regularly. 2. Isolate sick chickens in time and treat them. 3. Add 150-250 mg of furazolidone per kilogram of feed (each tablet contains 100 mg, mix well and feed to chickens, use for 7 consecutive days, stop for 3 days, and then use the medicine for 5-7 days. Treatment: 1. Use 3000-6000 units of penicillin for each chicken. Dissolve penicillin in water, then use half of the solution to mix powder and feed, and pour the other half into the waterer, but replace drinking water, and let the chickens eat freely. 2. Feed each chick with 2-4 mg of oxytetracycline or chlortetracycline (each tablet contains 250 mg) per day for 3 consecutive days; or add 800 mg of chlortetracycline per kilogram of feed, mix well and feed to chickens. 3. Add 250 mg of furazolidone (i.e. 2.5 tablets) per kilogram of feed, mix well, feed, or add the same dose group of chickens in drinking water for 2-3 consecutive days. (VI) Fowl pox (fowl diphtheria) Fowl pox is a highly contagious disease. Sick chickens grow slowly or even die. The incubation period of this disease is 4-8 days. There are two types: skin type and diphtheria type. Prevention: 1. Vaccination vaccine is suitable for chickens of all ages over 7 days old. When using, dilute it 10-50 times with salt water or cold boiled water by weight, and use a pen tip (or a large needle tip) to dip the vaccine and stab it subcutaneously in the bloodless part of the inner side of the chicken wing. About 7 days after vaccination, the stabbed part will become red, swollen and blistered, and then gradually dry and scab and fall off. It can be immune for 5 months. 2. Maintain good environmental hygiene and eliminate mosquitoes and chicken lice. 3. Isolate sick chickens in time, or even eliminate them, and thoroughly disinfect the site and utensils. Treatment: There is currently no specific drug treatment, and symptomatic treatment is generally used. (VII) Ascariasis Ascariasis is a common parasitic disease in chickens. Prevention: Deworm regularly 3-4 times a year. Treatment: 1. Use 0.15-0.25g of anthelmintic for every kilogram of chicken weight (each tablet contains 0.5g) orally; or grind the medicine into powder and mix it into feed, and feed it once in the evening. 2. Use 20-30mg of anthelmintic for every kilogram of chicken weight (each tablet contains 25mg), mix it into feed and feed it. 3. Use 1-2ml of gasoline for crop injection. For reference only

5. How to prevent and control sweet potato virus disease? What are the prevention and control methods for sweet potato virus disease?

Sweet potato virus diseases can be spread through farm tools, aphids, wind and rain, etc., causing large-scale virus infection. Continuous cropping and improper field management will cause severe disease, resulting in a large reduction in sweet potato production.

Essentials of prevention and treatment:

1. Rotate crops reasonably, select disease-free and disease-resistant varieties, and use disinfectants before planting to reduce the spread of bacteria in seed potatoes and cultivate healthy and strong seedlings.

2. After the sweet potatoes emerge, spray the new lipid film 800 times solution in time to protect the plants to isolate the bacteria from infecting and prevent the virus-free seed potatoes from being infected with the virus. Timely control of aphids, whiteflies and other spreading pests to effectively reduce the source of viral diseases in the field.

3. Increase the intensity of field inspections, and remove and destroy diseased plants in a timely manner. Apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and spray Diguo Zhuangdiling + Baneda Bika potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves to improve the sweet potato's ability to absorb water and fertilizer, and promote the rapid expansion and development of underground tubers. Ensure sufficient water and fertilizer supply in the field to promote high and high yields of sweet potatoes.

6. How to prevent and control apple scab?

Apple scab, also known as scab, is caused by a pathogen belonging to the subdivision Ascomycota. In recent years, due to the extensive management of apples, the occurrence of apple scab in our county has become increasingly serious, with an increasing incidence rate. It is difficult to control after the disease occurs, and the infection rate on apple leaves and fruits reaches 70% to 80%. Fuji varieties are most susceptible to the disease. Apple scab seriously affects the quality, yield and storage of apples, and the proportion of commercial fruits is reduced, thus affecting the development of the apple industry in our county and the increase of farmers' income.

1 Symptoms Apple scab mainly harms leaves and fruits. The lesions on the leaves are initially yellowish, circular or radial, and then gradually turn dark brown. There are a lot of gray-black mold layers on the leaves. The diameter of the lesions is 3-6 mm. In the late stage of the disease, most of the lesions are connected together, the diseased parts are dry and cracked, and the leaves are small, thick, and curled. When the fruit is infected, both young and mature fruits can be affected. The lesions are initially yellowish green and circular, and later brown or black, with a velvety mold layer on the surface. The lesions are sunken, hardened, and cracked.

2. Disease pattern The occurrence of apple scab is related to climate and variety. The spring temperature in our county is unstable, and July is a period of concentrated rainfall, which is conducive to the occurrence of apple scab. Apple scab overwinters in the ulcer branches and apple residues of apple trees as mycelium. In the spring, the black scab spreads with air flow and rain, and the infection time is mainly during the opening of flower buds and the shedding of petals.

3 Prevention and control measures 3.1 Strengthen quarantine to prevent diseased seedlings from being transported to non-epidemic areas. 3.2 Prune fruit trees properly in spring to avoid the fruit trees being in a "broom" shape. After harvesting fruits in autumn, clean the garden in time, clean up the remaining leaves and cut branches, and burn them to eliminate a large number of bacteria sources. 3.3 Densely planted fruit orchards and old orchards should be thinned to increase ventilation and light transmission. 3.

4. Apply fertilizers rationally, increase the application of organic fertilizers, foliar fertilizers and trace elements, etc. to enhance tree vigor. 3.

5. Spray Bordeaux mixture or Daqingyuan pesticide in the early stage, spray 10% Shigao 10g/mu before and after flowering, or 500 times of Dasheng M-45, or 8000 times of 40% Dupont Fuxing, or 700 times of 70% Antaisheng wettable powder, or 3000 times of 43% Haoli Ke suspension, and apply foliar fertilizer and trace elements, spray once every 7 to 10 days, and spray 3 to 4 times in a row, which can effectively prevent and control the occurrence of apple black spot disease.

7. How to prevent and treat goose limp foot disease?

Soft foot disease is a common disease in geese, especially goslings, mainly due to the lack of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D in goose feed. Clinical symptoms: The feet of sick geese are weak and unable to support the body. They often lie on the ground. The ends of long bones often enlarge, especially the tarsal joints are osteoporotic, and the growth is slow. (1) Preventive measures ① Rationally formulate the content and proportion of calcium and phosphorus in the diet. ② The feed must be rich in sufficient vitamins, especially vitamin D, which is beneficial to the absorption of calcium and phosphorus by geese. ③ Let the geese bask in the sun as much as possible, because sunlight can promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus by the goose body and the synthesis of vitamin D. (2) Treatment measures Give the sick geese cod liver oil drops twice a day, 2 to 4 drops per goose each time; or take 1500 international units of vitamin D3 orally per goose per day.

8. How to prevent and treat mulberry ginkgo disease?

For ginkgo disease, if it is planted in large areas, be careful not to plant too densely. When there are many diseased fruits, turn the soil deeply. If you use medicine, use 800-1,200 times of 40% sclerotinia wettable powder, 1,000 times of 70% thiophanate-methyl powder, or 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to spray the branches, stems, leaves, fruits and ground surface of the fruit mulberry before and after flowering and during the green fruit period. Spray once every 6 days for a total of 2-3 times; when there is disease, spray once every 4 days until a small number of mulberries turn from green to red. However, it is still not recommended to use medicine.

9. How to prevent and treat swine fever?

1. Do a good job in routine prevention work Doing a good job in vaccination against swine fever is a key measure to prevent the occurrence of swine fever.

2. If you need to purchase pig breeds from other places, you must isolate and raise them for about half a month after they are brought back and vaccinate them before you can raise them in mixed groups.

3. Strengthen market management and transportation quarantine to prevent sick pigs from being sold, purchased, transported, and spread of diseases in the market. Veterinary health management and quarantine measures should be strengthened in pig trading markets, pig warehouses, slaughterhouses and other places where pigs are concentrated.

4. Improve feeding tubes and feeding management, and do a good job in veterinary hygiene and disinfection of pens, environment and management tools.

5. Emergency measures when swine fever occurs. There is currently no effective drug to treat swine fever. Early diagnosis and timely measures are of great significance to controlling and eliminating swine fever and reducing economic losses. 6. You can inject, Mutuo/..., live.power.health, prevention is better than treatment, feed additives, Zhuyijing.

10. How to prevent and control root rot?

1. Chemical control.

At present, chemical agents are one of the most important methods for preventing and controlling root rot, and the main approach is early protection + later treatment.

Seed treatment: Seed dressing is the most common method of seed treatment and one of the important ways to prevent seedling diseases. Commonly used agents are 62.5% metalaxyl-M and fludioxonil, with a dosage of 3-4ml/kg of seeds. In addition to having a good preventive effect on root rot, it also has a good preventive effect on other seedling diseases such as wilt and seedling blight.

Seedbed treatment: sterilize the seedbed before raising seedlings to prevent root rot. 50% carbendazim is often used for seedbed treatment, with a dosage of 400-500g per mu, applied with water. Cover with a film for 5-7 days after application, which can achieve a good sterilization and disinfection effect.

Dip the roots before transplanting to prevent diseases

Transplantation treatment: For seedlings that have not been mixed and sterilized in the seedbed, it is recommended to dip the roots when transplanting. The pesticide can be 30% carbendazim + 25% thiamethoxam 20g diluted with 15kg of water for root dipping, which can prevent root rot and other seedling diseases and pests.

Root irrigation: After root rot occurs, root irrigation is required. Do not flush with water to increase the burden on the root system.

2. Biological agent control.

For root rot of crops, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + Bacillus subtilis can be used for biological control. In the early stage of the disease, it is recommended to use 150-200g per mu with small water flushing. When the disease is serious, it is recommended to use 10-15g mixed with 15kg water for root irrigation. If the root rot is serious, it is recommended to use the medicine again after about 7 days.

Root irrigation

3. Agricultural methods of prevention and control.

Grafting treatment: Grafting is one of the effective methods to prevent and control root diseases. Choosing rootstocks with well-developed root systems can prevent the impact of continuous cropping diseases to a large extent.

Soil loosening: After watering or heavy rain, timely soil loosening is beneficial to the escape of entropy and the ventilation of the root system. However, care should be taken not to damage the root system of the crop.