CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What are the characteristics of aster?

1. What are the characteristics of aster?

Characteristics of Aster:

Aster is a plant with many varieties. It is an annual or biennial herb. Due to the large number of differences in varieties, their flower colors and heights are different. Its flower colors are mainly purple, red, blue, etc., and the height ranges from 15 cm to 100 cm. The differences in plant shape and height also make them different in use. They are suitable for potted plants, cut flowers, and large-scale planting.

Aster is also known as August chrysanthemum and Jiangxi wax. The flower shapes and colors are rich and varied, and the flowering period is long. The head inflorescence of Aster grows at the end of the branch. The ligulate flowers are often purple. The cultivated varieties have red, white, blue, pink, purple and other shades. The flowering period is from June to frost. There are early flowering varieties, medium flowering varieties and late flowering varieties; the flower diameter is as small as a button and as large as 12 cm; the plant shape is upright and scattered. The main cultivated types are: single petal, ostrich feather shape, curled shape, flat shape, involute shape, tubular shape, double petal shape, etc.

2. What are the methods for growing aster?

The soil must be kept moist. During the growing season in spring, watering must be done every two to three days. When the weather is hot in summer, water can be sprinkled once a day. After autumn, watering can be reduced appropriately. Light dishes are a light love plant. Adequate light conditions are required during the growth period. In winter, water can be sprinkled once a week or once a day. In fact, it is also a kind of family July chrysanthemum. The official name is aster, which has strong adaptability. It can grow in many places in China and is also widely planted in pots.

It has a good effect of beautifying the environment. Transplanting the chrysanthemum 2 to 3 times can make the trunk thick, the tree shape full, and the fiber light. For daily maintenance, the flower pot should be planted in a well-lit place to ensure that the temperature is 15-25-8451;. During the cooking growth period, keep the pot moist and do not let the soil be very dry or very wet. Under normal circumstances, you can manually weigh the weight of the soil in the pot, and the temperature is controlled at 15-25'solavan8451;. In the natural environment of high temperature in summer, the chrysanthemum should be appropriately moved to a cooler area for maintenance, and attention should be paid to antifreeze in winter.

If it is less than three sola8451, it may be frozen. It is a plant with shallow roots. You have to ride. Don't water ELA too much, keep the soil moist. If you expose it to full sunlight, you can adapt to the new environment faster and return to normal tension. If the seeds grow tall in the spring and keep the kitchen well, she needs to get enough light. Aster is a plant with high light requirements. During the vigorous growth period, it is best to be exposed to sunlight for about 8 hours a day, so aster.

Pest and disease control: Huang Zhi 5~10 Li Aster has developed the habit of planting some flower plants in the open space in front of the door. At that time, there was nothing strange. Aster is a very easy plant to grow. We can buy some seeds directly online, and then, in the morning, flower lovers can raise this plant on the porch at home, and the flowering period is relatively long. After flowering. Chrysanthemum is best watered and dried, and it can be transplanted about one month and two months after sowing.

3. What are the methods to prevent and control diseases and pests of chrysanthemums?

Aster yellows

Aster yellows is an important disease of aster. The diseased plants are short and shrunken, and the flowers are small and discolored.

symptom

After infection, the leaves turn pale yellow, and often grow into broom-like branches from beginning to end. The color of the flowers on the branches fades to varying degrees, and the petals are usually pale yellow-green. The plant grows weakly and can continue to infect neighboring plants.

pathogen

Chrysanthemum yellows disease is caused by infection with mycoplasma-like organisms (MLOs). Mycoplasma-like organisms mainly survive on various perennial hosts, such as daisies, plantains, and cosmos. They are mainly spread by leafhoppers and dodders.

Prevention and treatment methods

1. The best prevention and control method is to grow plants in a net house.

2. You can spray 50% Marathon 1000 times solution or diazinon and other insecticides to control leafhoppers.

3. Regularly remove wild weeds around chrysanthemums to reduce sources of infection.

4. In the early stage of the disease, spray 4000 times diluted tetracycline or oxytetracycline.

Botrytis cinerea

The disease is caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. The sclerotia of the disease overwinters on diseased remains or in the soil. The disease is prone to occur when the temperature is around 20℃ and the humidity is very high. The disease is more serious in plastic greenhouses than in glass greenhouses. It is a common disease of aster, which harms flowers, pedicels, and leaves. In severe cases, the flowers and leaves will die, affecting their ornamental value. When the leaves are affected, water-soaked yellow-green or dark green spots appear at first, and then the spots gradually expand. When the environment is relatively humid, they cause rot, and a gray powdery spore layer appears on them. The diseased leaves eventually die. The petals can be susceptible to the disease while in bud or after they open. At first, the edges of the petals appear light brown and water-soaked, and they also rot.

Prevention and treatment methods

1. Pay attention to greenhouse ventilation, reduce humidity, avoid inappropriate watering, and promptly remove diseased plants and leaves to reduce infection sources.

2. During the disease period, spray 1500 times diluted 50% procymidone wettable powder or 1500 times diluted 50% chloranil.

Aster wilt

Fusarium oxysporum Schl.sp. callistephii (Beach) Snydre & Hansen, belongs to the subphylum Deuteromycotina. It is a soil fungus that can survive on the remains of diseased plants for several years and spread through seeds and soil. The whole plant wilts and dries up.

When young plants are infected, all leaves wilt. When mature plants are infected, they become dwarfed, leaves wilt and turn black, and their vascular system turns brown. When plants in full bloom are infected, the top of the plant sometimes suddenly wilts. The roots of the diseased plants rot to varying degrees, and pink or rose-colored conidia can be found at the base of the diseased plants. Soak seeds for sowing in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 30 minutes to kill the pathogens they carry. Rotate the areas or pots for raising seedlings and planting every year. Since the pathogens on the remains of diseased plants are spread through the soil, avoid mixing infected soil into new soil during operation.

Soil disinfection

For seedbed soil disinfection, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 2 kg per mu per square meter, mix with 30 kg of fine dry soil, and evenly sprinkle into the planting hole after mixing. In the early stage of the disease and before the disease occurs, irrigate the roots or spray the agent. Use 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, irrigate 0.25 kg per plant, irrigate once every 5 to 7 days, and irrigate 2 to 3 times in a row. You can also use 400 times of 40% carbendazim suspension, or 400 times of 50% methyl thiophanate wettable powder, or 200 to 300 times of 10% double-effect spirit water, or 500 times of 25.9% anti-kuning. You can also use agricultural anti-120100ppm to irrigate the roots, which also has a certain control effect. It is also possible to irrigate the roots with 800 to 1500 times of potassium permanganate.

Aster rust

When there are alternate host pine plants near aster, the disease is prone to occur and spread. Pathogen: Coleos porium asterum (Diet) Syd. Also known as aster sheath rust. Chlorotic spots appear on the front of the leaves, and round light yellow powdery spores can be seen on the back. It is known to be distributed in Jiangsu, Yunnan, Shanghai and other provinces (cities). In the early stage of the disease, spray 1500 times of 15% triadimefon (triadimefon) wettable powder or 3000 times of 12.5% ​​sulfamethoxazole.

Aster brown spot

Septoria chryrsan-themella Sacc. is a fungus of the genus Septoria. The pathogen overwinters on the remains of diseased plants with mycelium and conidiophores, and spreads in wind and rain the following year. The disease is severe in the north from July to August with high temperatures and heavy rains. When the plants are planted too densely, they are prone to the disease. This disease is a common leaf disease of aster. In severe cases, the leaves turn yellow and the whole plant withers. In the early stage, nearly circular purple-brown spots of varying sizes appear on the leaves, which then turn black or dark brown. In the later stage, the center of the spots turns light gray, and small black spots reappear. When there are many spots on the leaves, the whole leaf turns yellow and dries up. Generally, it starts from the lower leaves and dies upwards.

Choose a well-drained area for planting. The planting density should be appropriate. Choose disease-resistant varieties. Remove diseased leaves immediately. In late autumn, collect diseased fallen leaves and diseased remains and destroy them collectively. Spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times diluted, or 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500-700 times diluted, or 1% Bordeaux mixture, or 755 thiophanate-methyl 500 times diluted for prevention and control. Spray once every 7-10 days.

Common diseases of aster include rust and damping-off. Rust can be controlled with 120-160 times Bordeaux mixture or 250-300 times sodium dimethoate. For damping-off, 100 times formalin can be used to disinfect the soil. Common insect pests include red spiders and aphids, which can be controlled by spraying 1500 times dimethoate.