CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to raise silkworms to get high yields (How to raise silkworms to get high yields)

1. How to raise silkworms and how to bring them up?

1. Late autumn silkworms: The characteristic of late autumn silkworm rearing is that the temperature drops significantly, especially the nighttime temperature is often too low in the later period; the quality of mulberry leaves is improved due to the utilization of Mid-Autumn Festival, and the rearing amount should be determined according to the situation of the remaining leaves after the Mid-Autumn Festival rearing. Late autumn is the last period of the year. Due to the continuous silkworm rearing, the accumulation of pathogens and the large temperature changes, silkworm diseases are often prone to occur. At least 3 or 4 mulberry leaves should be left on the branches after the leaves are harvested in late autumn to prevent the winter buds from sprouting in autumn and affecting the yield of spring leaves in the next year.

2. Mid-Autumn Silkworms: The characteristic of Mid-Autumn silkworm breeding is that although the natural temperature begins to drop, it still exceeds the suitable temperature range for silkworm breeding. Mulberry tree growth reaches its peak. If there are consecutive high temperature and drought years, the mulberry leaves will age; if early autumn silkworms are not raised, the lower leaves will turn yellow; Mid-Autumn is also a season when mulberry diseases and insect pests are frequent. In some years, insects need to take away leaves, so it is a period of poor leaf quality. Mid-Autumn silkworms are second only to spring silkworms in terms of cocoon production, but the breeding volume is generally close to or exceeds that of spring silkworms. In terms of layout, full use of mulberry leaves should be considered, and generally 7 or 8 leaves are left at the tip of the branches after leaf harvesting.

3. Early autumn silkworms: Early autumn silkworm breeding is characterized by the natural environment being in the highest temperature of the year, prone to drought, and changeable seasons; during this period, other crops are frequently treated with insect pests, which can easily cause pesticide poisoning. It is the worst period of the year for silkworm farming and the worst quality of silkworm cocoons. The mulberry leaves used for early autumn silkworms are mainly the lower leaves of mulberry branches. The appropriate use of some leaves can promote the continuous growth of branches, which is beneficial to improving the leaf quality of mid-autumn silkworms.

4. Summer silkworms: Summer silkworm breeding is characterized by the fact that the breeding period is often the rainy season in Jiangsu and Zhejiang silkworm areas, which easily forms a hot and humid silkworm breeding environment. Mulberry trees are mainly used for the sparse buds and leaves that grow again after summer felling, and some of the remaining leaves from spring felling or spring silkworm period are also used. The use of summer leaves combined with sparse buds and leaving branches is conducive to good tree shape.

5. Spring silkworms: The characteristics of spring silkworm breeding are mild weather, good leaf quality, and some pathogens killed by the cold weather in winter. The environment is clean, and it is easy to obtain high-quality and high-yield silkworms. However, the temperature is often low during the silkworm period, which does not meet the requirements for silkworm breeding and requires heating. There is a high probability of hot and humid weather in early June.

2. How to breed cassava silkworms?

The breeding technology of cassava silkworms is divided into several links, each of which requires strict requirements and careful management to achieve the goal of high yield and high quality.

⒈ Suitable breeding time for cassava silkworms. Cassava silkworms are highly adaptable and can be raised normally from May to November in South China. In order to achieve the goal of raising cassava silkworms without affecting cassava production, the best time should be to raise them during the vigorous growth period of cassava from August to October. At this time, the temperature is high, cassava grows vigorously, and produces many leaves, which is conducive to picking cassava leaves to feed cassava silkworms without affecting cassava production.

⒉ Select good varieties: The quality of silkworm seeds is directly related to the success, yield and quality of breeding. Practice has proved that the best cassava silkworm seeds suitable for breeding in Guangxi are the "Bai Huang" and "Nanning No. 1" bred by the Guangxi Sericulture Guidance Institute. At present, this silkworm seed is supplied by the Wuming County Silkworm Seed Station in Wuming County.

⒊ Accelerate the growth of silkworm eggs. After purchasing silkworm eggs, place them in an environment with a temperature of 25-28℃ and a relative humidity of 90-95%. When it is hot and dry, you can use a clay pot or basin to hold about two-fifths of cool and clean well water in the countryside, then spread the silkworm eggs in a small basket, hang it in the pot near the water surface, and cover the mouth of the pot with a wet cloth. After about 8-10 days and nights, they will hatch into ant silkworms.

⒋ Collecting ants: After the larvae are hatched, cut the young cassava leaves into small pieces and cover the silkworm bodies sparsely. After the larvae are attached, gently collect the cassava leaves onto the silkworm plaque for separate rearing. Larvae that are not collected on the same day cannot be mixed together to avoid uneven development and difficulty in feeding and management.

⒌ Picking, transportation and storage of cassava leaves. The fresher the cassava leaves used for silkworm breeding, the higher the nutritional value and the more silkworms consume them. It is best to pick leaves in the morning and evening. When the leaves are older, they should be picked and transported quickly to avoid sun exposure and heat deterioration. When storing leaves, sprinkle them with clean water and store them in a cool, clean place.

6. Feed leaves appropriately. Feeding leaves should ensure that the silkworms are fully fed and use leaves economically. Feed young silkworms with leaves that are slightly tender and ripe, and cut them into small cubes before feeding. 5-year-old silkworms can be fed with whole leaves.

⒎ Feeding of young silkworms. The 1st to 3rd age is the young silkworm period, which is the foundation and requires careful feeding and management. Reasonably adjust the feeding environment, select leaves for young silkworms, remove silkworm feces, expand the silkworm seat in time, and use silkworm bleaching powder to disinfect frequently to prevent disease.

⒏ Feeding of adult silkworms. Adult silkworms are in the critical period of silk gland growth. They must be well fed with good leaves, ventilated frequently, and sand removed and expanded in time. They must be protected from ants and rats, and the leaves must be washed and wet for feeding. They must be fed every 2 to 3 hours, day and night, to prevent starvation of silkworms from causing a reduction in production.

⒐ Management during sleep and wake-up. Cassava silkworms need to sleep and molt four times during their entire lifespan. During this period, the silkworms undergo complex physiological changes, consume a lot of physical energy, weaken their resistance, and are susceptible to diseases. They must be carefully cared for. In terms of management, they should be prevented from sleeping hungry, high temperatures, direct sunlight, and strong winds. After waking up, feed them fresh and tender leaves, but be careful not to give them too many leaves.

⒑ Management on the cocoon. After molting four times, the cassava silkworm enters the fifth instar. After eating a full meal, it gradually reduces its food intake after 5 to 6 days. It excretes a large amount of soft feces and mucus, and its body becomes short and transparent. It crawls to higher places. This is the characteristic of mature silkworms. You can pick up the silkworms and put them on the cocoon. It is better to use plastic net cocoons or half-dried poplar branches with leaves as cocoon materials. After the mature silkworms are on the cocoon, they will finish spinning silk in about 3 days and pupate in about 5 days. When the pupa turns brown, use scissors to cut 1/2 of the cocoon length from the hole end of the cocoon, pour out the pupa, and do not damage the pupa when cutting the cocoon. Keep the cocoon skin white, dry and pollution-free.

Reasonable leaf harvesting for silkworm rearing and the development of cassava cocoon production are the reuse of cassava byproducts, which can directly increase the economic benefits of cassava planting. Cassava is drought-resistant and salt-alkali-tolerant, and has strong adaptability. It is suitable for the development and utilization of barren hills and wastelands, and has developed rapidly in recent years. Raising cassava silkworms is a small investment and quick-acting project to get rich.

3. High-yield method for raising silkworms with glucose?

Adding glucose Spraying glucose liquid on mulberry leaves to feed silkworms can make silkworms grow faster, reduce the incidence of disease, make cocoons of good quality, and increase the yield by about 40%. The method is: add 1 part of glucose to 5 parts of cold boiled water, stir well, and spray it on mulberry leaves to feed silkworms.

Feeding molting hormone to silkworms when they are 5% mature or once at the end of the 5th instar can make silkworms mature one day earlier. Method: Use 1 tube of 40mg molting hormone to 2kg of cold boiled water for each silkworm, stir thoroughly, and evenly spray on 15-20kg of mulberry leaves, and let the silkworms eat them all at once. When preparing the medicine, pay attention to the cleanliness of utensils and water, and prepare it before use. If the feeding temperature is lower than 21℃ after using the medicine, try to heat it.

4. Technology of increasing silkworm production by feeding silkworms with glucose?

Feeding silkworms with glucose not only increases the yield, but also improves the quality. The method is also very simple. Mix sugar and cold boiled water in a ratio of 1:5 and spray mulberry leaves. After silkworms eat mulberry leaves sprayed with glucose, they not only develop well, grow fast, and have low morbidity, but also have large and thick cocoons. The yield is more than 40% higher than that of silkworms that eat mulberry leaves not sprayed with glucose.

5. How to raise silkworms to achieve high yield and good quality?

Planting mulberry trees to raise silkworms is an important skill of the working people. It has been practiced in ancient times and has been passed down to this day. At present, in many areas, farmers have achieved good returns through silkworm breeding. In the process of silkworm breeding, how to ensure quality and increase production is also a topic often discussed by farmers.

Do a good job of cooling and moisturizing

The most suitable temperature for raising silkworms is 26 degrees, and the difference between dryness and wetness is about 3 degrees. If the temperature of the breeding environment is too high and too dry, the silkworms' digestive ability will decrease, their metabolic function will be hindered, and their growth rate will be affected. It is necessary to cool down and moisturize to improve the breeding environment and create a good breeding site for the silkworms.

Cooling

Nowadays, the sites for raising silkworms are generally single-layer cement structures. In the hot summer, it is easy to absorb heat. If the silkworm room is facing east, the sunlight will shine directly in and the temperature will rise. A sunshade can be set up around the silkworm room to block strong light and ultraviolet rays, which will have a cooling effect.

During the silkworm rearing period, the temperature should be recorded. Generally, the temperature at noon is 3 to 4 degrees higher than that in the morning and evening. Therefore, at noon, turning on the fan for 20 minutes can expel the indoor heat, and the air exchange will achieve the effect of cooling. When turning on the fan, the wind force and time should be controlled. Too much airflow will have a counter-effect, accelerating the drying of mulberry leaves, and the silkworms will not be able to absorb nutrients after eating.

Moisturizing

Silkworms like to grow in an environment with relatively high humidity. Mastering the humidity requirements of silkworms at each stage of growth will help them to have a high yield when it comes time to harvest cocoons. When the humidity of the breeding environment is not up to standard in hot weather, water is the most effective substance to compensate for the humidity. Every day at noon or evening, you can sprinkle some water on the outer wall of the silkworm room to moisturize it physically.

In the cement-structured silkworm room, water can be stored in the drainage ditches on the roof or around the room. When the temperature reaches a certain level, water vapor is generated, which plays a role in cooling and moisturizing.

Provide high-quality mulberry leaves for silkworms to eat and strengthen their physique

Artificial silkworm rearing requires good and full feeding. Providing high-quality mulberry leaves is the guarantee of health. The quality of the leaves directly affects the growth of silkworms. Strengthen the cultivation and management of mulberry gardens to make mulberry leaves fresh and nutritious to meet the nutritional needs of silkworms.

The management of mulberry gardens is the key point. Different seasons will produce different insect pests. We should strengthen insect prevention in mulberry gardens, combine drugs with manual capture methods, and reduce the transmission of pathogens carried by mulberry leaves to silkworms. When using drugs to disinfect mulberry gardens, there should be a certain interval area to prevent silkworms from being accidentally injured.

According to the growth characteristics of silkworms at different stages, suitable mulberry leaves should be picked. Leaf quality is very important to the health of silkworms, especially for newly hatched silkworms. They should not eat old or withered leaves, but only fresh and tender leaves. If there are insect pests in the mulberry leaves, they can be disinfected with drugs and used to feed adult silkworms.

The harvesting, transportation and storage of mulberry leaves should be done well, and the leaves should be kept fresh as much as possible to prevent them from becoming moldy and deteriorating. Mulberry leaves should be picked in the morning or evening as they are easy to dry out if picked at noon. The harvested mulberry leaves should be placed in a mulberry storage room in a low temperature and humid environment to prevent them from withering.

Strengthen feeding management measures

1. During their development, silkworms have different requirements for the external environment. We must grasp these characteristics, provide the most favorable conditions for their development, and enable the silkworms to grow healthily.

2. Strictly follow the standards for inducing rapid hatching to cover the ants with black, and collect the ants at the appropriate time. The silkworms can be collected earlier in summer and autumn. If the hatching time is inconsistent, the ants should be collected in batches. It is best to use a net to prevent the ants and silkworms from being harmed.

3. The temperature and humidity requirements of young silkworms and adult silkworms are inconsistent. Many people may not know that young silkworms are more resistant to low humidity than adult silkworms, but young silkworms are weaker than adult silkworms to dryness and low humidity. Therefore, high temperature environment is not good for both adult and young silkworms. In summer, we must do a good job of cooling and moisturizing.

4. Newly hatched silkworms have the weakest resistance to adverse environments and pathogenic microorganisms, so during the feeding period, they must be carefully managed. The silkworms cannot be fed in groups, and the breeding grounds must be expanded in time to prevent the silkworm heads from being squeezed and injured. During the feeding period, cleaning work must be done well, and the sand must be removed gently to avoid injuring the silkworms and infecting them with bacteria.

Do a good job in disinfection of silkworms

The silkworm breeding room and feeding tools are contaminated with pathogens and need to be disinfected regularly. In the spring, before raising silkworms, the silkworm room should be cleaned and rinsed with clean water, and the tools and materials to be used should also be taken outdoors for disinfection.

In the middle of breeding, although the silkworm room and tools have been disinfected, pathogens will enter the silkworm room through other ways after breeding for a period of time. Therefore, the early disinfection work cannot guarantee that bacteria will not be infected again. Disinfection and sterilization work must be done well during the entire breeding period. Silkworm feces and excrement are the places with the most bacteria. If they are not removed in time, the bacteria will spread and cause diseases. Cleaning silkworm feces and excrement in time cannot be delayed.

During the silkworm rearing period, after the sand removal work is completed, the inside of the silkworm room should be sprayed with bleaching powder containing 1% effective chlorine for disinfection. The room where mulberry leaves are stored should be cleaned regularly and disinfected with bleaching powder containing 1% effective chlorine every two days.

After the cocoon harvesting is completed, if there are any rotten cocoons or dead bodies of diseased silkworms left, they must be gathered and sterilized outside to prevent the spread of pathogens. After the silkworm rearing period is over, the silkworm room and utensils must also be cleaned, dried, fumigated and sterilized, and the outdoor area must also be disinfected.

summary:

To achieve high yields in silkworm breeding, it is necessary to understand the environmental requirements of silkworms at each stage of growth, reasonably control the temperature and temperature, and provide silkworms with high-quality mulberry leaves to provide adequate nutritional supplements. During the breeding period, the silkworm room and utensils should be disinfected regularly to reduce the chance of disease. Scientific breeding can ensure quality and achieve high yields.