CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Armadillo fertilization period

1. Armadillo production period

15 seconds. I hope you will accept my answer, thank you!!

2. What is the breeding cycle of giant salamanders? And how much investment is needed for breeding without infrastructure? What is the sales direction?

The Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davianus), commonly known as the giant salamander, is an amphibian and a famous living fossil. It is listed as a national second-class protected animal and has high scientific research, edible, medicinal and ornamental value. This article briefly introduces the breeding technology of the Chinese giant salamander.

Ecological habits of a giant salamander

Adult giant salamanders like quietness, are afraid of sound and light, and generally do not live in groups. They often live alone in caves in the water during the day, go out to forage at night, and return to the original cave before dawn. In early spring, they also forage during the day or go out to bask in the sun. Juvenile giant salamanders have the habit of gathering together, often playing in groups in the cracks of rocks. In winter, giant salamanders hide in caves to hibernate, and the hunting season is from April to December each year. Juvenile salamanders mainly prey on invertebrates, such as shrimps, crabs and insects. Adult salamanders prey on invertebrates, fish, frogs, snakes and rodents, and occasionally eat green plants. If the population density is high and food is scarce, there will be cannibalism. When giant salamanders are feeding, the rapid rise and fall of water temperature and the deterioration of water quality are prone to vomiting. When breathing, the giant salamander will expose its head to the surface of the water, usually once every 10-30 minutes, and consumes 20.3-32.8 mg/kg·hour of oxygen during the day and 21.7-36.2 mg/kg·hour at night. The natural sex ratio of the giant salamander is about 1:1, and the reproduction method is oviparous, with in vitro fertilization. August to September is the peak reproductive season, and the fertilized eggs will hatch into juvenile salamanders after 30-40 days. It usually takes 2-3 years to complete metamorphosis and 3-5 years to reach sexual maturity, but its growth cycle can be greatly shortened under artificial breeding conditions.

Construction of the second giant salamander breeding farm

2.1 Site selection

It is advisable to choose a place that is dark, sheltered from the wind, warm in winter and cool in summer, with abundant water sources and relatively stable water temperature. The water source should be clear, cool and flowing, such as mountain streams, reservoirs and groundwater. At the same time, consider the convenience of feed sources, such as places with abundant aquatic animal resources such as shrimps and crabs or near meat processing plants.

2.2 Construction of breeding ponds

There are three types of ponds: juvenile salamander ponds, young salamander ponds and adult salamander ponds. They are made of cement and have smooth surroundings. They are leak-proof, leak-proof and escape-proof. Drain holes are required at the bottom of the pond and the water inlet and outlet systems are required. Generally, juvenile salamander ponds are built indoors, with an area of ​​1-2 square meters and a wall height of 60 cm. Juvenile salamander ponds have an area of ​​5-10 cm and a wall height of 60-80 cm. Many caves are piled up in the pond with bricks or stones. Adult salamander ponds have an area of ​​20-40 square meters and a wall height of 1.2 meters. Caves are also required in the pond.

Breeding methods of the three major salamanders

The giant salamander eats most vigorously and grows fastest when the water temperature is 16-24℃. The food intake is significantly reduced at 25-28℃, and it stops eating above 29℃. Artificial breeding can change its hibernation habits and enable it to grow evenly throughout the year. The water quality requires pH 6.5-7.5. When pH>9, it can cause devastating death. The dissolved oxygen should be greater than 3.5 mg/L. Indicators such as total hardness, chloride, and ammonia nitrogen must meet the standards for fishery water. The breeding pond must have shade measures to avoid direct sunlight, and it must be strictly disinfected with bleaching powder before use.

3.1 Breeding of juvenile salamanders

The water depth of the pond for young salamanders should be 20-30 cm. The newly hatched young salamanders are tadpole-like and feed on their own yolk. After 35-50 days, they begin to eat external food, such as small zooplankton. After 70 days, they can be fed with bloodworms and mosquito and fly larvae.

3.2 Breeding of young salamanders

The water depth of the young salamander pond is 30 cm. The young fish are soaked in furan drugs for 5-10 minutes before entering the pond. The stocking density is generally 10-30P/square meter. They can be fed with bloodworms, aquatic insects, fish, shrimps and crabs. The bait must be fresh. They are fed twice a day, at 6-7 o'clock and 18-19 o'clock respectively. The sewage must be discharged and the water must be changed every day to maintain the transparency of the pond water and make the bottom clear.

3.3 Breeding of adult salamanders

The depth of the pond water is 30-40 cm. The stocking specifications should be consistent, and the density is generally 1-3 per square meter. A variety of feeds can be fed, and it is better to feed in small amounts and multiple times. In order to keep the water quality fresh, pay attention to changing the water frequently. After a period of feeding, it is necessary to feed them in different specifications in a timely manner to avoid the phenomenon of large individuals eating small individuals.

3.4 Types of feed for giant salamanders

A variety of low-quality fish, shrimp, crabs and other aquatic animals from seawater and freshwater can be fed, but giant salamanders prefer marine fish. Pork, beef, mutton, chicken, duck and their scraps are widely available and have high protein content, which are also good feeds for breeding giant salamanders. Artificial compound feeds made of fish meal, A-starch, bean cake, wheat bran, bone meal, vitamins and minerals in a certain proportion have an appropriate protein content of 45-50%. In addition, adding 1% pollen can significantly accelerate the growth rate.

The certificate is usually handled by a special agency in the aquaculture industry. The systems in different places may be different. Just ask a little bit. You can call 114 for inquiries.

The profit depends on the situation of your breeding and the actual needs. Because the current price fluctuations are very large, I can't estimate it. It depends on the specific scenario.

How much investment depends on the scale

The sales channels can be restaurants, fish farmers, fishmongers, etc.

3. What should we pay attention to in the middle and late stages of breeding the four major carps?

The four major carps are traditional aquaculture species in my country. Although the adjustment of aquaculture structure has been advocated in recent years, and various special aquatic products have been continuously presented, most small fishermen dare not take the risk of changing aquaculture species due to factors such as technology, capital, and market. Therefore, how to improve the aquaculture efficiency of the four major carps and increase the economic income of fishermen is an issue that cannot be ignored at present. 1. Preparation before stocking Use 125 kg of quicklime (4 fish ponds) for every 667 square meters (1 mu) to thoroughly clean and disinfect the pond, and add water after 5 days. Apply sufficient basal fertilizer, and the basal fertilizer applied to each pond is 1/3~1/2 of the annual fertilizer application. Determine Pond No. 1 [5336 square meters (8 mu)] as a fish storage pond, appropriately densely stocked, and smaller in size. Pond No. 2 [5669.5 square meters (8.5 mu)], Pond No. 3 [8004 square meters (12 mu)], and Pond No. 4 [6536.6 square meters (9.8 mu)] are appropriately sparsely stocked, and the stocking size is larger. 2. Fish stocking When stocking fish, soak the fish in 3% salt water and immunize the grass carp. The first stocking pattern at the end of the year for ponds 2, 3 and 4 is shown in Table 1:

3. Feeding and management This stocking mode requires more frequent stocking. Fish are caught five times a year, mainly before the Mid-Autumn Festival, because the prices of silver carp and bighead carp are high in the market at this time (the price of fat fish is low at the end of the year, and they are kept until May of the following year). After each catch, a portion of the fish must be divided from pond No. 1 to ponds No. 2, 3, and 4 to ensure that the three ponds have a certain fish carrying capacity. 4. Fishing and efficiency Each pond catches and puts fish on the market in May, June, July, August, September and at the end of the year. After calculation, the net profit of the four fish ponds is about 1,268 yuan per 667 square meters, which is more than 200 yuan more than other fish ponds that do not adopt this breeding mode. V. Summary and Analysis From the above, it can be concluded that the change from one-time stocking and multiple catching to multiple stocking and multiple catching during the round-robin catch and release has many advantages: 1. The stocking density is sparse and the growth is fast. Because it is stocked multiple times, the fish size is appropriately increased when stocking at the beginning of the year, especially the silver carp and bighead carp, which are usually more on the market, and the density is sparse, so that the fish grow faster. After the beginning of spring, the fish can be caught and put on the market soon after entering the growth period, and then the fish species are appropriately supplemented according to the fish capacity in the pond. Generally, more than 5 times of catching are required every year, mainly before the Mid-Autumn Festival. 2. The size of the fish on the market is larger and the price is high. Because the stocking density is sparse and the growth is fast, the size of the fish caught each time is larger than that of the fish in other ponds, and the price is relatively higher by 0.4 yuan/kg. The weight of silver carp and bighead carp can reach more than 1.5 kg/tail, and the price can reach 8~12 yuan/kg. Its economic benefits can be imagined. 3. More fishing times and fewer fish diseases In the past few years, there have been reports of outbreaks of hemorrhagic diseases in silver carp, bighead carp, bream and crucian carp in various places, and most of the deaths started with large-sized fish, especially in the hot season. Even if the fish diseases have been controlled, fishing with nets often causes a large number of fish deaths. Therefore, farmers dare not fish in the hot season. The model of multiple stocking and multiple fishing has fast growth and many fishing times. Large-sized fish have been put on the market, and the fish left in the pond have adapted after multiple operations. Because there is basically no fish death when fishing with nets, practice has proved that it is enough to do a good job in the prevention and control of parasitic diseases during the entire breeding cycle. 4. Short breeding cycle and fast capital turnover This stocking model basically catches fish once every 20 days to 1 month, and the capital recovery is fast. The income from silver carp and bighead carp is used to purchase feed, which reduces the one-time investment cost during breeding. 5. High water utilization rate and low cost. Practice has proved that this stocking mode has a higher rate of release, higher yield and greater economic benefits than one-time stocking and multiple catching. It can make better use of water for aquaculture, maximize the utilization rate of water, and thus reduce the cost of breeding. Of course, to achieve the best benefits of this stocking breeding mode, the following points need to be achieved: 1. It is best to have three ponds of about 6670 square meters (10 mu) with a fish storage pond of about 5336 square meters (8 mu) as a supply pond for fish species after normal catching. The fish in this storage pond can be placed more densely, and after the last division of the pond during the Mid-Autumn Festival, the pond will just reach the appropriate fish capacity. 2. Apply enough basal fertilizer to ensure that the fish can grow rapidly after the beginning of spring. Generally, the amount of basal fertilizer is 1/3~1/2 of the annual fertilizer application. 3. Apply topdressing frequently, because fish grow fast and consume more plankton and plants in the water, and the water quality is easy to become clear. Therefore, apply topdressing frequently according to the water color to ensure that silver carp and bighead carp have enough bait. 4. After each catch, fish species must be replenished in a timely manner according to the amount caught. Otherwise, water will be wasted due to too few fish, affecting the overall economic benefits.