CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What to do if a small grass carp gets sick

What to do if the small grass carp gets sick

First, observe what disease the fish has and then prescribe the right medicine.

Common and difficult diseases of ornamental fish

White spot disease

In the early stage, a few small white spots appear on the fish body, and in the late stage, the whole body is covered with white spots. Secondary infection is combined with Saprolegniasis and bacterial infection. When it is serious, no medicine can cure it. Add an appropriate amount of methylene blue solution, 4~8cc per 10 gallons of water. For containers without bottom sand and filtration systems, the amount of medicine should be reduced to one-half to one-quarter, or the sick fish can be placed in 1% salt water, which can also cure it. (It is difficult to kill adult worms, but it is easy to kill larvae, so maintaining effective medicine in the water for about 7 to 20 days can completely eliminate them)

Black spot disease

Long light yellow cysts can be seen on the head of the diseased fish. When the cysts mature, they turn black. These are the tail-shaker larvae and the posterior cyst larvae. They also invade the eyes, muscles, blood vessels, gills, and internal organs of the fish. If opaque patches are found in the lens of the eye, the fish may be infected. This disease is not contagious, but it can damage muscle tissue and cause eye damage or blindness. In severe cases, it can be fatal. There is currently no cure, and the worms can only be removed with a sterilized needle or tweezers.

Saprolegniasis

The injured epidermis produces hairy and filamentous hyphae. The filamentous substances visible to the naked eye are the dead bodies of the mold. The living mold parasitizes on the skin and muscles. Adding an appropriate amount of methylene blue solution, or placing the diseased fish in 1% salt water or penicillin aqueous solution, can also be effective. (Precautionary measures should be taken when transporting and catching fish)

Mouth ulcer

The mouth and cheeks of the fish are covered with white attachments, and the fins, gills, and mouth are most susceptible to infection. This disease is highly contagious, and within a few days of onset, all the fish in the fish box may die. The same treatment as for Saprolegniasis can be used, or applying polycyanurate earlier will be effective. (If it cannot be cured within a short period of time, it is easy to cause drug-resistant bacteria, so when using drugs, it is advisable to check the water volume and the amount of drugs to treat correctly)

Tail and fin rot

If the water is polluted or the fish is bitten by other fish, the wound will be infected, and the fish's fins will turn white at first, and then rot and die. Feed the fish with appropriate amount of methylene blue solution, furazolidone, green F gold or use thin salt water.

Gill fluke parasites

Breathing is rapid, gill covers are wide open, gill filaments are swollen and white, they don't like to swim, and sometimes they are contagious enough to kill all the fish in the tank. Use formalin solvent for long or short-term bathing, because it is easy to kill adults, but difficult to kill eggs, which will hatch after three days. You can keep the effective ingredients of universal water and methylene blue solution in the water for 3 to 5 days to kill the larvae.

Pineal squamous cell disease

The fish body swells and the scales stand up, resembling pine cones. The cause of the disease is unknown. In the early stages of the disease, 0.1 gr of chloramphenicol can be added to every 10 liters of water, or 30,000 units of furazolidone solution can be added to every 10 liters of water.

Oral filariasis

The skin is infected with a cloud of gray mucus. When a large number of oral filarial parasites are present, bloody spots will appear on the body surface. The fins will not open and the fish will rub against plants.

Prevention and control of grass carp diseases 1. Preventive measures 1. Ponds that have raised grass carp in the past two years, especially those that have suffered from the three diseases of grass carp (enteritis, gill rot, and red skin disease) in the past, should not be used for the cultivation of grass carp. 2. Thoroughly dredge the old fish ponds, and kill the bacteria and viruses by dredging and exposing the pond bottom to the sun, and eliminate the hidden dangers of fish diseases. 3. Ensure the quality of fry. If it is self-bred, it is best to inject the broodstock with inactivated vaccines before breeding. If it is necessary to introduce species, it is best to introduce them from national or provincial seedling bases. 4. The stocking ratio of grass carp to silver carp and crucian carp should be controlled at about 80:20. 5. In the early stage of grass carp seed cultivation, the fry should be domesticated and fed within 5-7 days, and the feed should be sufficient to prevent the fry from being weak due to feed shortage. 6. Concentrated feed must be made of special compound feed for grass carp. Before mid-July (body length is about 10 cm), concentrate feed is mainly used to accelerate the growth of fry; from mid-July to mid-September, reduce the amount of concentrated feed and increase the amount of high-quality green feed, so that the ratio of concentrated feed to green feed is controlled at 1:3-4:9; after mid-September, increase the amount of concentrated feed appropriately, and control the ratio of concentrated feed to green feed at 1:1-1.5. At the same time, from late June to late September, antibacterial drugs should be added to the concentrated feed to prevent fish diseases. 7. Pay attention to daily disinfection management: ⑴ In the early stage of fish seed cultivation, that is, before mid-June, 20-30 kg of quicklime per mu is sprayed once every 15 days. ⑵ From mid-June to mid-September, 0.2-0.25 kg of Anles disinfectant is sprayed once every 10 days. ⑶ In the middle and late stages of breeding, 1 kg of photosynthetic bacteria is sprayed once per mu per month. II. Treatment measures 1. Parasitic fish diseases: such as Chinese worms and three-generation worms, use 0.5 kg of insecticide per mu to spray the whole pond, once every other day, and use it twice in a row. 2. Enteritis, gill rot, and red skin disease: ⑴ After finding that a certain number of grass carp species have died due to the "three diseases", the amount of concentrated feed should be reduced immediately or no concentrated feed should be fed, and no green feed should be fed. After stopping feeding for 3-5 days, feed a small amount of green feed mixed with enteritis and gill rot, and then slowly increase the amount of green feed. After the fish disease is relieved, feed a small amount of concentrated feed. ⑵ Soak 5 kg of dried rhubarb slices (crushed) per mu in 0.4% ammonia water for more than 14 hours, spray the whole pond, and use it for 3 consecutive days. ⑶ Use 0.5 g of 99% pure kanamycin powder to adhere to 1 kg of duckweed, and the feeding amount is about 1.5% of the fish body weight, and use it for 1 week. Note: When grass carp are seriously suffering from the "three diseases", avoid using chlorine-containing drugs such as bleaching powder, chlorine dioxide, etc. Otherwise, it will cause the death of a large number of diseased fish.

What is the disease that causes grass carp to lose scales and die? How to treat it?

Grass carp has three diseases: enteritis, red skin, and gill rot are the "old three diseases"; bacterial complications (red skin, gill rot, complications of enteritis), viral hemorrhagic disease, hepatobiliary syndrome, etc. are the "new three diseases". 1. Enteritis: 1. The pathogen is Aeromonas punctata. 2. Symptom identification After dissecting the sick fish, it can be seen that the intestine is inflamed and congested, and it is red or pink; the anus is red and swollen, and the scales are loose. When the abdomen is pressed lightly or lifted from the head, yellow mucus or hemothorax flows out; the blood vessels in the intestinal wall are dilated and congested; in the early stage of the disease, the pigment of the head gradually darkens until it turns black, and it swims alone, swimming slowly and weakly. 3. Disease pattern The epidemic season is from April to October, among which April to June mainly harms adult fish, and August to October mainly harms the fish of the current year. This disease is often complicated by red skin, gill rot, parasites and other diseases. The first fish to get sick The body is relatively fat, so gluttony is one of the causes of the disease. In addition, poor fish pond conditions, thick pollution layers, high organic matter content, and poor bait quality are all likely to induce this disease. Once the disease occurs, the delay time is long and the mortality rate is high. 4. Preventive measures (1) Strictly control the good aquaculture water environment and strengthen feeding management; (2) Regularly apply quicklime or chlorine-containing disinfectants to kill pathogens; (3) Ensure that the bait fed is not spoiled. 5. Treatment measures (1) Add 0.1g of fish enterotelan or chloramine to each kg of fish every day and feed it all day long. Continuous 2-3 days can control the disease; (2) Add 50-100mg of norfloxacin or sulfathiazine (100-200mg) or garlic (10-30g) to each kg of fish every day to make medicated bait and feed it once a day for 5-6 consecutive days, which can also cure this disease. 2. Red skin disease: 1. The pathogen is Pseudomonas fluorescens. 2. Symptoms and identification: Partial or major bleeding and inflammation of the fish's body surface, and flaking of scales, especially on the sides and abdomen of the fish. When the "three diseases" occur simultaneously, the main symptoms are redness and swelling of the anus, inflammation of the intestine, and purple-red color; rot of the gill filaments and increased mucus; loose and falling scales, and congestion and rot of the fins at the ends. 3. Disease pattern: The disease can occur throughout the year, and the most suitable water temperature for the disease is 25-30℃; the disease is most likely to be caused by improper feeding and management, damage to the fish body, or parasites on the body surface; in northern regions, frostbite on the fish during the winter can easily cause disease and epidemics after the spring. 4. Preventive measures (1) Daily management measures should be appropriate to avoid damage to the fish body; (2) Before breeding, use large doses of quicklime or bleaching powder to sterilize and clean the pond; (3) Before the fry enter the pond, use 5. Treatment measures (1) Oral medication: add 0.1-0.2g of fish enteroterol or sulfathiazine, or 30-50mg of norfloxacin to the bait for each kg of fish per day for 4-5 consecutive days. Generally, the disease will disappear naturally. (2) Spray 0.5g/M water of bleaching powder (containing 60% effective chlorine), 1-1.5g/m water of bleaching powder (containing 30% effective chlorine), or 0.3-0.5g/m water of trichloroisocyanuric acid (containing more than 80% effective chlorine) throughout the pond, once a day or every other day, for 5-7 consecutive days. III. Gill rot: 1. The pathogen is columnar fiber myxobacteria. 2. Symptoms and Identification: The gill filaments of the diseased fish rot, the terminal cartilage is exposed, the gill flaps become gray or white, and the edges of the gill flaps are contaminated or covered with a lot of mucus; the epidermis inside the gill cover is congested, and in severe cases, the middle epidermis is corroded into round or irregular transparent holes, usually called "open skylights". They often swim alone, move slowly, swim weakly, gradually become dark in color, stop eating, lose vitality and die. 3. Disease pattern: The disease is less common when the water temperature is below 15℃, and 20 The disease begins to occur above ℃, and the most suitable water temperature for epidemic is 28-34℃. It is most harmful to 1-2 year old fish and can occur all year round. It is often complicated with enteritis, red skin and parasitic diseases. The epidemic period is from April to October, and the peak period is from June to September. 4. Prevention and treatment measures are exactly the same as those for red skin disease. 4. Bacterial complications: The pathogenic bacteria of this disease are caused by a variety of bacteria, including Aeromonas intestinalis, Myxococcus ichthyophilus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, etc. Fish suffering from this disease, Symptoms include red skin, rotten gills and enteritis. The body and head of the diseased fish are black, and they swim alone. They are slow to react, with a swollen abdomen, red spots on both sides, obvious "fin decay", and a red, swollen, and protruding anus, which is purple-red. When the abdomen is gently pressed, yellow mucus and blood pus flow out. When the abdomen is opened, abdominal fluid can be seen, and the intestinal wall is congested and inflamed, especially in the hind intestine. Intestinal mucosal cells often rot and fall off, and mix with blood to form blood stains that fill the intestinal tract. The liver also often has red spots and congestion. The gill filaments of diseased fish are dotted with blood, the ends are rotten, the cartilage is exposed, the edges are white, and the gill filaments are covered with mucus and silt. In severe cases, the epidermis of the gill cover is congested, inflamed, and rotten. The middle part is often burned into a small round transparent window, commonly known as "open skylight"; the body surface is partially inflamed, the scales loosen and fall off, especially on both sides of the abdomen, the fin base is congested, the ends are rotten, and there are often saprolegnias in the places where the scales fall off or the fins rot. This disease may occur throughout the year, especially in May to September. Prevention and control methods: (1) Thoroughly clean and disinfect the pond, and implement the "four disinfections" and "four determinations"; (2) Do not directly apply unfermented animal feces; (3) Do not feed rotten and spoiled feed; (4) Soak the fish in 3% salt water for disinfection before stocking; (5) Use 0.2ppm chlorine dioxide, 0.3ppm bromine chloride, or 0.4ppm strong chlorine to spray the entire pond regularly; (6) Add 100g of allicin for every 40kg of feed, mix with the feed and feed continuously for 7 days; (7) Every 40kg of feed, add 100g of allicin to the feed and feed continuously for 7 days; (8) Use 100g of enrofloxacin per kilogram of feed, mix with feed and feed continuously for 3-5 days, double the dosage on the first day. 5. Hepatobiliary syndrome: Currently, grass carp hepatobiliary syndrome is a common disease in grass carp farming. In the early stage of the disease, the diseased fish in the pond floats to the edge of the pond, reacts slowly, eats less, and has no obvious symptoms on the body surface. Only a small number of fish have red eyeballs and eye sockets, swollen gills, and no parasites under microscopic examination; autopsy found that there was no food in the intestines, and the liver was swollen and white, green or yellow, which are all symptoms of hepatobiliary syndrome. In severe cases, the liver becomes eroded and adheres to the intestinal mucosa and fat, filling the chest cavity. The gallbladder sometimes swells and turns black, sometimes disappears, and the ascites is severe. After a period of onset, the number of dead fish increases sharply. The cause of the disease is relatively complicated. Feeding spoiled feed, excessive fat content in feed, or long-term feeding of feed containing quinolone, and fish water contaminated by copper, ammonia and other substances can all cause liver disease. Prevention and control methods: (1) Pay attention to reasonable stocking density; (2) Do not feed rotten and spoiled feed; (3) Do not feed directly (4) Regularly inject new water or use biological agents to improve water quality; (5) Regularly spray the entire pond with disinfectants such as 0.2ppm chlorine dioxide, 0.3ppm bromine chloride, or 0.4ppm strong chlorine. (6) Regularly remove feed residues and establish a fish feed inspection system to keep the feed fresh and prevent oxidation of protein and fat in the feed; (7) Mix 100g of Gandanning + 100g of garlic extract with 40kg of feed to make medicated bait, and feed it for 5 to 7 days. 6. Viral hemorrhagic disease: In the early stage of the disease, from the appearance observation, the mouth, abdomen, gill cover, eye socket, fins and both sides of the fish body of the diseased fish show mild congestion symptoms. When the abdominal cavity is opened, a small amount of food is still found in the intestine. As the disease progresses, the above-mentioned body surface congestion phenomenon intensifies, the bones and flesh show blood symptoms, the area around the eye socket is congested, the eyeball is protruding, and the abdomen is swollen and red. When the abdominal cavity is opened, due to damage to the internal organs, yellow or red ascites accumulates in the abdominal cavity, the liver, spleen, and kidneys are swollen, and the intestinal wall is congested and inflated without food. The gills are gray and white, indicating anemia, sometimes purple and swollen, and in severe cases, the ends of the gill filaments rot. In March and April, the body of the diseased fish Symptoms of superficial inflammation and congestion are: head, mouth, gill cover, eye sockets, both sides of the body surface, under the pelvic fin and caudal peduncle, etc. Some sick fish can be seen with protruding eyes, anemia of gills, inflammation of internal organs to varying degrees, and sometimes inflation of the intestines. Symptoms of sick fish after May are mostly congestion and inflammation of the lower edge of the gill cover, fin base and internal organs, and sometimes congestion and inflammation of the oral bones and flesh. This disease is widely prevalent in grass carp farming. It can occur at water temperatures between 9 and 36 degrees Celsius, especially at 28 degrees Celsius, which is the most serious, often causing great economic losses. Therefore, this is an epidemic with the widest prevalence area, the longest season and the greatest harm. Prevention and control methods: (1) Thoroughly clean and disinfect the pond, implement the "four disinfections" and "four determinations"; (2) Regularly inject new water or use biological agents to improve water quality; (3) Use 0.2ppm chlorine dioxide or 0.3ppm bromine chloride hydantoin or 0.4~ppm strong chlorine and other disinfectants to spray the entire pond regularly; (4) Take 10% enrofloxacin 100g + Sanhuang powder 200g orally and mix with 40kg feed for 5~7 days. You can also look at Xingwang fish medicine