CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What products are generally used in sea cucumber farming?

1. What products are generally used in sea cucumber farming?

I don't know about other chain liquid products, but the fertilizer water of Shanghai Lanyan Company is called Sea Cucumber Fast Growth, which is good. I also use their EM bacteria together. Anyway, I use it on a large scale here. I am very happy to answer your question.

Sea cucumber farming:

1. Shrimp pond farming model

Shrimp pond farming is suitable for small and medium-sized farming. It uses existing shrimp ponds to place stones and tiles to artificially simulate sea reefs for sea cucumbers to inhabit. The stocking density is 3,000-5,000 heads of segmented sea cucumber seedlings per mu. Sea cucumbers mainly feed on algae and organic debris. When artificially fed, kelp, wakame and other algae are fed with bait. The water level of the shrimp pond is maintained between 1.5 and 2 meters, but when it is hot in summer and cold in winter, the water level should be appropriately increased to ensure that sea cucumbers can safely spend the summer and winter. Water quality management should be strengthened during farming.

2. Marine raft farming

Choose to cultivate in unimpeded sea areas with smooth tides, no strong winds and waves, and unpolluted areas. Generally, they are mixed with abalones, using net cages and plastic buckets to hang in the water layer and a reasonable breeding density. The feeding bait is also artificial bait and algae such as kelp. As the sea cucumbers grow, the breeding density is dispersed and the net cages are checked regularly to prevent them from escaping.

3. Seabed cage culture

Choose an inner bay without strong winds and waves, smooth tides, and no large amounts of fresh water for breeding. Use steel bars to make net cages, place stones and other objects inside to simulate sea reefs, and then cover the cages with nets. The breeding density is 200 seedlings per square meter, feed artificial bait and kelp algae, and regularly check the growth to determine the breeding density, as well as check the damage of the nets and repair them in time.

4. Intertidal rock culture

The intertidal zone stone-building culture model is to use the terrain characteristics of the intertidal zone to build a dam with reinforced concrete, and to build stones inside the dam to culture ginseng. The height of the dam should be determined according to the tide level, and drainage holes should be left in the dam to facilitate natural drainage. Artificial bait and algae such as kelp are also fed, and the culture density is about 10,000 5cm seedlings per mu.

5. Factory-scale abalone and sea cucumber polyculture

Factory-based abalone is a large-scale artificial breeding method. It is mixed with abalone in a factory workshop, with a breeding density of less than 100 heads per square meter. The sea cucumber growth environment is simulated by artificial means during breeding, such as lowering the water temperature in summer and raising it in winter, so that the sea cucumber does not go through summer and hibernation, shortening the growth period and increasing profits.

2. What to do if the temperature is too low in winter to raise sea cucumbers

Sea cucumbers prefer low temperatures, but when the water temperature is below 5°C, they will stop growing and enter hibernation. Due to insufficient food intake, their resistance to diseases is greatly reduced, making them very susceptible to disease.

Therefore, firstly, we should pay attention to maximizing the water exchange volume of the ginseng pond, seize the high tide period in winter, and inject as much new water into the ginseng pond as possible;

The second is to deepen the water level to maintain the water temperature, and the water depth should be kept at least 2 meters, the deeper the better;

Third, for ginseng pools with slightly poor conditions, artificial water-lifting equipment must be installed to increase the effective dissolved oxygen content of the pool water and improve the water quality;

Fourth, when changing the water in the ginseng pool, do not drain or release it too much to prevent affecting the stability of the water temperature;

Fifth, when the water temperature is below 5℃, the monitoring of the pool should be strengthened, and if the finished sea cucumbers are found to be out of the pool, they must be removed in time. Because at this ambient temperature, it is abnormal for sea cucumbers to be far away from the attachment base, and removing them early can avoid the spread of bacteria.

3. Is it good to change the water in the sea cucumber pool in winter?

In winter, the water in the sea cucumber pond can be changed less frequently.

In the process of sea cucumber breeding, adding and changing water is the most direct and effective measure to improve the water quality of sea cucumber breeding ponds. Frequent replacement of fresh seawater can not only increase the dissolved oxygen content of the pool water, reduce the concentration of metabolic toxins, and improve the redox state of the pool bottom; it can also adjust the salinity of the pool water, adjust the biological composition in the pool, promote ecological balance, and is extremely beneficial to the growth of sea cucumbers. Practice has shown that the greater the amount of water change, the faster the sea cucumber grows and the higher the survival rate. Scientific water change is how to seize the best opportunity (including the best water change time required by sea cucumbers and the quality of external seawater, etc.), and how much water to exchange at a time, so as to achieve and maintain the best environment required by sea cucumbers. In the low temperature period in winter, due to the small amount of food intake and poor metabolism of sea cucumbers, the water pollution is relatively light. The main thing is to keep the pool water stable and change less water. Spring and autumn are the rapid growth period of sea cucumbers, and they need to be fed normally. Sea cucumbers have a large metabolism and the water quality is very easy to deteriorate. Therefore, the amount of water change should be increased. Generally, the average daily water change rate should not be less than 10%. If the density of sea cucumbers is high or the water quality is poor, the amount of water changed should be increased further, and the average daily water change can reach more than 20%.

By increasing water changes and maintaining fresh water quality, the rapid growth of sea cucumbers can be promoted.

In addition, the water level does not need to be too high in this season, which is conducive to increasing the dissolved oxygen in the bottom layer, promoting the reproduction of benthic diatoms, and improving the water exchange rate. It can be maintained at 1~1.5 meters.

In summer (water temperature above 23°C), the growth of sea cucumbers has slowed down significantly and they gradually enter the hibernation stage. At this time, the metabolism of sea cucumbers is greatly reduced, the oxygen consumption is reduced, and most sea cucumbers no longer move or grow. In the hibernation stage, if the water temperature is too high or the high temperature lasts too long, it is easy to cause the death of sea cucumbers. Therefore, in this stage, the maximum water level should be maintained to reduce the bottom temperature; the water change rate should be increased at night when the temperature is low to reduce the water temperature of the sea cucumber pool.

When changing water, you should pay attention to the skills. When beneficial phytoplankton in the sea cucumber pool suddenly dies and sinks in large numbers, when protozoa and other harmful organisms appear in large numbers, when the dissolved oxygen in the water is too low, the ammonia nitrogen is too high, and the pH value exceeds the appropriate range, you should change a large amount of water. At the same time, when changing water, you should pay attention to the quality of the seawater outside the pool, and you must conduct chemical analysis before adding water. If the indicators are similar to or worse than those of the pool water, you should not change the water.

4. What water depth is most suitable for the growth of farmed sea cucumbers in winter?

2-3 meters is best

5. Seeking high-yield breeding technology for sea cucumbers

Sea cucumbers reduce body water content in two ways:

1. Excrete excess water from the body through the anus.

2. Use the gaps in the reefs to squeeze the body and help expel excess water from the body.

3. The water content in the body of sea cucumbers increases when they are feeding: In spring and autumn, the two peak feeding seasons, the water content in the body of sea cucumbers is the highest in the year. When collecting sea cucumbers in this stage, people usually report that the sea cucumbers are watery and have a low skinning rate, which shows that the water content in the body of sea cucumbers increases when they are feeding. By the same token, the water content in the body of sea cucumbers increases when they are under the ice in winter and go down to the reef to feed.

4. Sea cucumbers of medium to small size are not sensitive to temperature: When the temperature is high in summer, sea cucumbers weighing more than 100 grams will hibernate more obviously, while sea cucumbers weighing less than 100 grams are not sensitive to water temperature, and many of them continue to feed. When the temperature was low in winter in 2009, we found that most of the sea cucumbers that came to the reef to feed were concentrated in this size range, which means that sea cucumbers weighing less than 100 grams are not very sensitive to low temperatures.

5. Sea cucumbers cannot tolerate water temperatures below 0°C for a long time when the water content in their bodies is high: Some farmers believe that sea cucumbers will not get frostbite if the seawater does not freeze. In fact, this is not the case. The salinity of seawater is high and the freezing point is uncertain. Usually, the freezing point decreases with the increase of salinity. The freezing point of fresh water is 0°C. The body fluid in the sea cucumber is not seawater, but a low-salinity liquid close to fresh water, so the freezing point of the sea cucumber body fluid is close to 0°C. If the water temperature under the ice in winter is below 0°C for a long time, and the sea cucumber has a high water content in its body, it is very easy to get frostbite and even die.