CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What Happened During Pregnancy

1. Pregnant women need to pay attention to the following aspects in their daily lives: nutrition, viral infection in early pregnancy, X-ray exposure, medication, smoking, alcoholism, etc. can have a great impact on the rapidly developing fetus, so they should avoid the invasion of harmful substances and X-ray exposure; try not to go to public places to prevent viral infection; use medication properly and correctly; pay attention to nutritional intake, such as lack of calories, protein or hypoxia, which will hinder cell division, significantly reduce the weight of the fetus and affect brain development. Iodine and zinc deficiency in pregnant mothers can also affect the development of the fetal brain; smoking and alcoholism should not be avoided, etc. These are important aspects of early pregnancy health care.

2. Pay attention to providing more nutritious foods in the diet, such as eggs, milk, fish, lean meat, beans, vegetables, and fruits, and you can increase the intake of dry yeast, cod liver oil, and calcium tablets. Pregnant women must take 80-90 grams of protein, 1.5 mg of calcium, and 2.0 mg of phosphorus every day, otherwise the fetus will be stunted and prone to rickets after birth. During this period, the enlarged uterus compresses the intestines, which can easily cause constipation, so you should drink more water and provide vegetables and fruits rich in cellulose and pectin, such as celery, leeks, apples, pears, etc., to facilitate bowel movements.

3. In the last two months of pregnancy, the fetus grows fastest, and about half of its weight is gained during this period. Pregnant women's diet must be rich in various nutrients to ensure the rapid growth of the fetus. At this time, the variety of food should be increased and reasonably matched to achieve food diversification. If pregnant women experience edema, they should choose a low-salt diet and provide sufficient high-quality protein.

4. Avoid in early pregnancy. In early pregnancy, the placenta has not yet been fully formed, and the fertilized egg mainly relies on various hormones secreted by the ovaries to maintain its implantation, survival and development. If it is carried out at this stage, it can cause pelvic congestion and accelerated blood flow; coupled with external stimulation, it can cause the uterus to contract, leading to miscarriage. If vomiting is more severe in early pregnancy, attention should be paid to nutrition and water supplementation. At this stage, you should also pay attention to rest, have enough sleep time, and avoid excessive physical labor.

5.

Foods suitable for pregnant women:

Staple food: Rice and noodles should not be overly refined, and medium-processed rice and noodles should be used as much as possible. Staple food should not be too single, and rice, noodles, grains, and dry beans should be mixed and eaten, with a combination of coarse and fine grains, which is conducive to obtaining comprehensive nutrition and improving the nutritional value of food protein.

Vegetables: Green leafy vegetables or other colored vegetables should be used more often. Two-thirds of the vegetables in a pregnant woman's diet should be green leafy vegetables. Fresh beans such as cowpeas, edamame, and green beans are rich in protein and have a good absorption rate of iron. Vegetables such as bamboo shoots that are colorless, expensive, and high in oxalic acid should be used as little as possible or not at all.

Fruits: Oranges, dates, and hawthorns are rich in ascorbic acid and relatively cheap, so they are more suitable for selection, especially in winter when vegetables are scarce.

Animal food: Try to choose varieties with high protein content and low fat content. Since livestock and poultry offal, especially liver, are rich in vitamin A and trace elements such as iron, women in the second and third trimesters should choose more of them. Poultry meat has low fat content, delicate muscles, and rich protein content. Chicken stew is delicious and has the effect of stimulating the secretion of digestive juices, which is suitable for pregnant women.

Fish muscle fibers are tender and rich in protein. The fat is mainly unsaturated fatty acids. It is rich in vitamin B2, zinc, and selenium. Deep-sea fish fat is especially rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is beneficial to the fetal brain and nerve development. Pregnant women should eat more fish.

The content and composition of essential amino acids in egg protein are more ideal than those in other animal foods. The biological value of protein is very high and it is the highest quality protein among known natural foods. Egg yolk is also rich in calcium, iron, and vitamins B1 and B2, so it is an ideal food for pregnant women.

Dairy food: Casein, the main component of milk protein, is a phosphorus-containing complex protein with sufficient essential amino acids and is also a complete protein. The fat in milk has a low melting point and small particles, making it easy to digest and absorb; in particular, milk is rich in calcium and easy to absorb, making it a good food source of calcium in the diet and more suitable for pregnant women. Although grains and vegetables contain a certain amount of calcium, they also contain phytic acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid and cellulose, which affect calcium absorption. Milk contains almost all known vitamins, especially vitamins A and B2, making it an ideal food for pregnant women. More than 250g should be consumed daily.

Soybean foods: Soybeans are the highest quality and highest quality protein foods among plant foods. Except for methionine, the content of other essential amino acids in its protein is comparable to that of animal protein. In particular, the lysine content of soy protein is high. Eating it with cereals can increase the nutritional value of cereal protein. Soybean fat is rich in linoleic acid, which is necessary for preventing elevated blood lipids in pregnant women and fetal growth and development. Soybean foods contain a lot of calcium, iron, vitamin B1 and B2, and are inexpensive. It is best to consume more than 100g per day. Some soy products such as vegetarian chicken, dried brined food, fermented bean curd, and tofu have a high calcium content and are also a good source of calcium. Stinky tofu is also rich in vitamin B12, with 1.88 to 9.60ug per 100g.

Dietary requirements and recipe examples for early pregnancy

The nutritional needs in early pregnancy are not much different from those before pregnancy, but in order to ensure the needs of embryo development and physiological changes of pregnant women, the diet should be rationally allocated to ensure the supply of heat energy and nutrients.

1. Ensure the supply of high-quality protein In the early stages of pregnancy, the mother's uterus and breasts have begun to grow, the embryo and placenta have begun to develop, and amniotic fluid has been produced. Therefore, sufficient high-quality protein must be supplied in the early stages of pregnancy.

2. Ensure the supply of inorganic salts and vitamins. Inorganic salts and vitamins have the function of building the body and regulating physiological functions. Their deficiency can easily affect the differentiation of the embryo, cell division and the development of the nervous system.

3. Delicious food can promote appetite. In the early stages of pregnancy, there are often pregnancy reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Severe vomiting can also cause dehydration, so food should be high in water and rich in vitamins and inorganic salts such as calcium and potassium. It can have a certain sour or spicy taste to promote appetite, and light cooking methods are preferred.

4. Eat small and frequent meals. Choose easily digestible foods such as toast, toasted bread, biscuits, porridge, etc., which stay in the stomach for a short time and can reduce vomiting. Eating small and frequent meals can help relieve nausea and vomiting.

5. Examples of food lists and recipes for early pregnancy:

One-day meal list:

320g of grain

60g soy products

Egg 50g

250g milk

Meat, fish, shrimp, chicken 100g

500g vegetables

50-100g fruit

20g cooking oil

The above menu can provide (2100kcal) 8.8MJ of heat energy.

One-day meal example

breakfast

Milk 250g Milk 10g Sugar

Baked steamed bread slices standard flour 50g

Red fermented bean curd 5g

10g Braised Pork Liver

Lunch

Rice (early indica, standard one) 150g

Stir-fried celery with dried tofu 100g celery stalks 50g smoked dried tofu

Dried Shrimp and Rapeseed 200g Dried Shrimp 10g

Egg Drop Soup Egg 50g Seaweed 5g

dinner

Huajuan Standard Flour 100g

Steamed bream 100g

Mixed Chinese cabbage heart 150g Chinese cabbage heart, 6g oyster meat, 10g balsamic vinegar

20g of cooking oil for the whole day

late

Biscuits soda crackers 50g

Orange tangerine l00g

This recipe provides 91.3g of protein (17.4% heat ratio), 55g of fat (23.6% heat ratio), 308.8g of carbohydrates (59% heat ratio), and all vitamins, inorganic salts, and trace elements meet the supply requirements for early pregnancy women who do very light physical labor. [top]

Dietary requirements and recipe examples for mid-pregnancy

The second trimester is from the 13th week to the 27th week of pregnancy, when pregnancy reactions are reduced and appetite increases. The digestive organs, nervous system, and skeletal system of the fetus are growing and developing, and the basal metabolic rate increases. In order to adapt to the needs of fetal development, the mother also undergoes major physiological changes, such as enlarged uterus, enlarged breasts, and increased blood volume, so the intake of nutrients should be increased to meet the needs of the fetus and the mother.

1. Increase heat energy. The basal metabolism of pregnant women in the second trimester is strengthened, and sugar utilization is increased. On the basis of pre-pregnancy, 200kcal (0.8MJ) should be added. The daily staple food intake should reach 400g or more, and it should be consumed with whole grains.

2. Ensure high-quality and sufficient protein. The second trimester is a period of rapid growth of maternal and fetal tissues, especially the first peak of fetal brain cell differentiation and development. Pregnant women should add 15g of protein to the original daily intake, more than half of which should be high-quality protein from animal and soy foods.

3. Increase the intake of vitamins. Due to the increase of heat energy and enhanced metabolism in the second trimester, the intake of vitamin B1, B2 and niacin needs to be increased accordingly. In order to prevent the occurrence of megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects in the fetus, the intake of vitamin B12 and folic acid also needs to be increased. For the development of fetal bones, the requirement of vitamin A and C needs to be increased. For this reason, pregnant women in the second trimester should add coarse grains to the staple food, often choose animal offal, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.

4. Eat more foods rich in inorganic salts and trace elements, especially foods rich in calcium, iron, and zinc. In some areas, attention should be paid to the supply of iodine. During the second trimester, you should drink milk every day and eat animal liver, aquatic products, and seafood regularly. Plant-based foods are preferably soy products and green leafy vegetables.

The daily diet plan for the second trimester of pregnancy can add 100g of grain to the diet plan for the first trimester of pregnancy, and the amount of animal food can be increased to 150-200g.

One-day meal example

breakfast

Milk 250g, sugar 10g

Red bean paste bun standard flour 50g, red bean filling 10g

Lunch

Rice 150g

Fried pork liver with spinach 70g pork liver, 100g spinach

Tomato soup tomatoes 100g

Noon

Milk 250g

Pea yellow 50g

dinner

Huajuan standard flour 100g, oil 3g

Millet porridge 50g

Pork ribs stewed with kelp 100g, kelp (dried) 50g

Crucian carp soup 50g crucian carp, 10g coriander

All-day cooking oil vegetable oil 28g

late

Orange tangerine 100g