CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What conditions are needed for loach farming?

What conditions are needed for loach farming?

The breeding pond should be constructed in a place with good lighting, warm ventilation, convenient transportation, sufficient water source, convenient water supply and drainage, and no pollution source within 3 kilometers. The soil of the loach breeding pond is neutral or slightly acidic clay soil. The area is 100-300 square meters, the pond depth is 80-100 cm, and the water depth is 30-50 cm. Cleaning and disinfecting the pond Use quicklime to clean and disinfect the pond 15 days before the loach is released. Leave the pond water 10 cm deep, and use 100 grams of quicklime per square meter to dissolve the water and sprinkle the whole pond. Before releasing the seedlings, soak and disinfect the loach with 3% salt water for 10 minutes. Choose a sunny day at noon and release 50-60 loach species with a body length of 3-4 cm per square meter. Feed feeding Loach has a miscellaneous diet, and small animals, plants, microorganisms and organic debris in the water are all its favorite foods. Artificial breeding should also feed maggots, earthworms, small fish meat, mussel meat, fish meal, livestock and poultry scraps and other animal feeds and wheat bran, rice bran, bean dregs, cakes and other plant feeds. Feed at regular times, fixed locations, fixed quality and fixed quantity. The amount of feeding depends on the water quality, weather and feeding conditions. When the water temperature is suitable, feed once in the morning, noon and evening every day. When the water temperature is low, feed once in the morning and afternoon every day. The percentage of feeding amount to the body weight of loaches in the pond: March, 1% to 2%; April to June, 3% to 5%; July to August, 10% to 15%; September, 4%. The proportion of plant feed and animal feed under different water temperature conditions: when the water temperature is lower than 10℃ or higher than 30℃, feed less or no feed; when the water temperature is 11-20℃, plant feed accounts for 60%-70%, and animal feed accounts for 30%-40%; when the water temperature is 21-23℃, plant feed and animal feed each account for 50%; when the water temperature is 24-29℃, plant feed accounts for 30%-40%, and animal feed accounts for 60%-70%. Water quality management After the loach is released, topdressing should be done in time according to the water quality, and plankton should be cultivated to keep the water body in a lively and refreshing state. When the water temperature reaches 30℃, replace the water with new water in time and increase the depth to lower the water temperature and prevent floating. When loach is found to often swim to the surface of the water to swallow air, it indicates that there is a lack of oxygen in the water. Fertilization should be stopped and new water should be injected immediately. During the winter, from December to February of the following year, no feeding is required. Instead, the water depth of the pond should be increased and pig and cow manure should be placed in the corners of the pond to raise the water temperature and ensure that the loach can safely overwinter. Daily management: Patrol the pond once in the morning and evening every day to check the activities, feeding, diseases, etc. of the loach. At the same time, observe whether there is water leakage in the breeding pond and whether the loach has escaped. The cement pond should be cleaned of residual feed every day and daily records should be kept. === ... Before stocking, base fertilizer should be applied, mainly organic fertilizer, to cultivate a large number of zooplankton as bait for loach. After stocking, gradually increase the feeding of feed and apply organic fertilizer. The main types of bait include rice bran, bean cake, bran, bean dregs, silkworm pupa powder, earthworms and food processing waste. Fertilizers include human and livestock manure, crop straw compost, etc. If the water temperature is higher than 30℃ or lower than 10℃, the amount of feed should be reduced. Generally, loach can be caught after 8-10 months of feeding, and the high yield can reach 250-400 kg per mu. Each loach is about 15 cm long and weighs 10-15 grams, which meets the commercial specifications. (2) Raising loach in rice fields. When raising loach in rice fields, you can use natural bait organisms such as earthworms, chironomid larvae, water fleas and weeds in the field, and feed a small amount of feed to obtain good economic benefits. Because loaches have strong vitality, they can burrow into wet mud and use their intestines and skin to breathe to maintain their lives even when the rice fields are drained and dried. Therefore, loaches are one of the ideal objects for rice field farming. The construction of rice fields is the same as that of other fish. One or more fish ponds are dug in the fields, with an area of ​​2-3 square meters and a depth of about 50 centimeters. The fish pond is connected to the fish ditch, and the fish ditch is opened in the shape of a "field" or a "well". Fish interception facilities should be set up at the inlet and outlet to prevent escape. 15,000 to 20,000 loach seedlings about 3 cm long are released per mu of rice fields. Be careful to avoid using lime and pesticides, feed and fertilize appropriately, and catch them after the rice is harvested in autumn, or continue to breed them after flooding, and catch them and put them on the market when the fields are plowed in the spring of the following year. Generally, 30-50 kilograms of loaches can be harvested per mu of rice fields. In addition, a certain number of loaches can be released in the water surface where aquatic plants such as lotus roots, lotus, and wild rice stems are planted. Generally, about 1,000 loaches are released per mu. As long as the feeding and management are proper, the income from the water surface can be increased. (3) Family loach farming. That is, loach farming is carried out in the pits and reservoirs in front of and behind the house or in the vegetable garden. Generally, 4,000 to 5,000 young loaches 3 to 4 cm long can be released per mu. They can also be mixed with yellow fish and carp. Pay attention to feeding and fertilizing at ordinary times, such as leftovers, livestock and poultry manure, vegetable leaves, etc., and the feed should be a combination of plant and animal. At the same time, control the water quality. When loaches are found to jump out of the water to "swallow air", it means that there is a lack of oxygen in the water body. Fertilization should be stopped and new water should be replaced. When loaches grow to 15 to 20 cm, they can be caught and put on the market. After 8 to 10 months of breeding, the yield per mu can reach more than 100 kg.

The yield of loach is related to the suitable conditions of rice fields.

1. There must be sufficient water sources. The selected rice fields must have flat terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, fresh water, and no pollution.

2. Suitable soil: loam or clay with strong water retention is preferred, and sandy soil is the worst. The soil should be fertile and loose, rich in humus, with acidic or neutral soil in the cultivated layer and a mud layer depth of about 20 cm.

3. For ease of management, the area of ​​loach farming fields should be between 333 and 667 square meters.

4. Choose single-season medium-season rice or late-season rice as the rice variety.

5. The amount of fertilizer used must be strictly controlled. Excessive use will cause the death of loaches. The safe amount of several commonly used fertilizers per 667 square meters is: 10-15 kg of ammonium sulfate, 3-7 kg of potassium nitrate, 5-10 kg of urea, 5-10 kg of superphosphate, and 15-20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate.

How to breed loach

Family Loach Farming

Loach is a warm-water fish that lives in the range of 15-30℃, with the most suitable water temperature range of 24-27℃. It is simple and easy for farmers to build ponds to raise loaches with low investment, quick returns and.

1. Build a pond: Build a pond in front of or behind the house, around the courtyard, in a place with water source, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun. The pond is usually made of bricks and stones, and the depth of the pond should be about 1 meter. After the pond is built, it is smoothed with cement. After it is dry, put in 0.5 feet of fertilizer mud and 1 foot of clean water, and then you can plant seeds.

2. Stocking: After the pond is built, 1-1.5 catties of loach fry are placed per square meter. You can buy fry at the market or breed or catch them yourself; in any case, you should choose healthy and uniform loach fry, and place them in a ratio of three females to one male. The male and female can be identified by their appearance: the male has a pointed head, narrow and long pectoral fins, a body as thick as the tail, and a thin bone plate at the base of the fins with an upturned tail tip; the female has an oval and flat head. The female loach has a strong egg-laying ability. A female loach can lay more than 4,000 eggs from early summer to early autumn, and generally lays 2-3 times a year, laying more than 10,000 eggs.

3. Feeding: Since loach is an omnivorous fish, cow dung, rice bran, wheat, or fly maggots can be used as bait. Generally, three times a day is enough. The feeding amount is generally determined by the feeding situation.

4. Fertilization: During the feeding process of loach, you can add some organic fertilizer appropriately, but do not apply too much or too frequently, and change the pond water frequently, generally once every 10-15 days.

5. Capture: To capture loaches, you must first drain the pond water and adopt the method of catching the big ones and leaving the small ones to ensure that there are a certain number of loach fry in the pond, which is conducive to continued breeding and high yield.

Notice:

1. Do not mix loaches and yellow eels in the same pond, because yellow eels will eat loaches. The purpose of putting loaches in the eel pond is to prevent yellow eels from getting entangled with each other.

2. The edge of the pond must be about 1.5 feet above the water surface, because loaches are active, so it is necessary to prevent them from escaping.

3. Urban residents and families who do not have the conditions to build a pond can also use tanks or basins to feed the fish.

4. "Summer Solstice" is the best time for breeding, and we must seize the time to release seedlings.