CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What are the symptoms of enteritis caused by broiler viruses?

1. What are the symptoms of enteritis caused by broiler viruses?

What are the symptoms of enteritis caused by broiler viruses? Ulcerative enteritis is an acute bacterial infectious disease of broilers caused by Clostridium coli (also known as intestinal Clostridium), characterized by sudden onset and rapid mass death. This disease often occurs concurrently with coccidiosis, or is secondary to coccidiosis, aplastic anemia, infectious bursal disease and stress factors. Under natural conditions, the disease is mainly transmitted through feces. Broilers that die acutely show almost no obvious clinical symptoms. In slightly slower cases, depression, ruffled feathers, and white watery feces can be seen. In cases where the course of the disease lasts for more than 1 week, the sick chickens are weak, emaciated, and have atrophied breast muscles, which can often heal on their own. The gross lesion characteristics of acute dead chickens are obvious hemorrhagic inflammation in the duodenum, and small bleeding spots can be seen in the intestinal wall. In cases with a slightly longer course of the disease, necrosis and ulcers may occur in the small intestine and cecum. The characteristics of early lesions are small yellow lesions with bleeding edges, which can be seen on both the serosal and mucosal surfaces. As the ulcer increases in size, it may take on a lentil-shaped or roughly circular outline, sometimes merging to form large necrotic pseudomembranous plaques. Ulcers may penetrate deep into the mucosa, but older lesions are often more superficial and have raised edges, forming crater-like ulcers. Ulcers in the cecum may have a central depression filled with dark material that is not easily washed away. Ulcers often perforate, leading to peritonitis and intestinal adhesions. Liver lesions vary in appearance, from mild yellowish spotty necrosis to larger irregular necrotic areas at the edge of the liver. The spleen is congested, enlarged, and hemorrhagic. There are no obvious macroscopic lesions in other organs. The prevention of this disease mainly involves regular hygiene work, and the farm and utensils should be disinfected regularly. Feces and bedding should be cleaned frequently and subjected to biothermal disinfection to reduce the spread of pathogens. Avoiding the stimulation of adverse factors such as crowding, overheating, and overeating, and effectively controlling the occurrence of coccidiosis, has a positive effect on the prevention of ulcerative enteritis. Among the drugs, streptomycin, bacitracin, metronidazole, etc. have certain preventive and therapeutic effects on this disease. The preferred drugs are streptomycin and bacitracin, which can be administered by injection, drinking water, and mixed feed. The mixed feed concentration is 0.006% streptomycin and 0.005%-0.01% bacitracin. The mixed drink concentration is 1.5 kg of water per gram of streptomycin, and it is used for 3 consecutive days.

2. What are the symptoms of garlic virus disease?

In the early stage of garlic virus disease, intermittent yellow stripes may appear on the leaves, which will later connect into yellow-green stripes. The plants are short, the leaves are bent after growth, the leaves may be twisted or cracked, dry and shrunken, the plants are short and weak, the roots are poorly developed, there are yellow spots on the leaves, and in high temperatures or droughts, there are a lot of toothworms. These symptoms are all signs of garlic virus disease.

3. What are the symptoms of apple tree virus disease?

Apple mosaic virus is a common disease of apple trees, which usually shows symptoms in spring or summer. Its main symptoms are:

1. Leaf deformation: After infection, the leaves of the apple tree will become deformed and warped. In severe cases, the leaves will become extremely twisted, affecting their photosynthesis and thus the growth and development of the apples.

2. Yellowing of leaves: The leaves may become uneven in color, turn yellow, or even turn completely yellow and fall off. As the disease progresses, the color of the leaves becomes darker and darker, turning dark green, or even turning green-purple.

3. Albino flowers: After infection, the flowers on the apple tree become visibly white, and the leaves and petals are infected, appearing white and deformed.

4. The fruit becomes smaller: The stomata of the leaves caused by the mosaic virus disease of apple trees are blocked, resulting in oxygen deficiency in the fruit. The size and shape of the fruit will be affected to varying degrees. In severe cases, it will directly lead to slow growth, deformation, or even death of the fruit.

In summary, if the above symptoms appear in apple trees, they need to be diagnosed in time and targeted prevention and control methods should be adopted to ensure the normal growth of apples and fruit yield.

4. What are the symptoms and prevention of bean virus disease?

1. Symptoms

From the appearance, the plant becomes shorter, grows slowly, the new leaves are wrinkled and mosaic, and the growth is poor.

Bean virus disease often manifests systemic symptoms, and symptoms are obvious after the diseased plants emerge. Because there are many types of pathogens that cause this disease, mixed infections often occur in the field and produce different symptoms. After the plants are infected, the leaves will have clear veins, chlorotic bands, mottled or uneven green parts, wrinkled, twisted, and deformed leaves, plant growth will be inhibited, the plant will be short, flowering will be slow or flowers will fall, flowering and pods will be significantly reduced, the pods will be short, and sometimes green spots will appear.

2. Prevention and control methods

1. Establish disease-free seed fields, select disease-resistant varieties, carefully select seeds, and cultivate strong seedlings.

2. Use dry heat or hot medicine to treat seeds to inactivate the source of toxins and reduce the incidence of disease in the seedling stage.

3. Implement crop rotation, avoid repeated planting, strengthen fertilizer and water management, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Remove diseased plants and leaves in time to reduce the source of disease.

4. Take early treatment and continuously treat aphids to reduce the transmission of insect vectors. When aphids are found, spray imidacloprid and other pesticides in time, focusing on the back of the leaves.

5. Combined with spraying foliar nutrients, adding drugs that inhibit and inactivate the source of poison is more effective than using warming drugs alone. In the early stage of the disease, spray 0.1%~0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + urea + ordinary laundry soap (or black soap) in equal amounts for 3~5 times, once every 7~15 days, with dense planting at the beginning and sparse planting at the end, which helps promote plant growth and control the spread of the disease.

6. At the early stage of the disease, spray 1000 times diluted 1.5% alkanol copper sulfate emulsion, or 100 times diluted 10% mixed fatty acid aqueous solution, or 500-700 times diluted 20% morphine copper acetate wettable powder, once every 7-8 days, and spray 3-4 times in a row.

5. What are the symptoms of watermelon virus disease?

Symptoms of watermelon virus disease: Watermelon virus disease mainly manifests itself in two symptoms: mosaic and fern leaves. Mosaic refers to systemic mosaic, where young leaves have dark and light yellow-green spots, which then shrink and become deformed, with shortened internodes, making it difficult to set fruit or the fruit is very small.

The fern-leaf type shows that the new leaves are linear and slender, and the young leaves are wrinkled and twisted. Both diseased plants are prone to forming deformed or dead fruits. The diseased plants die before they produce fruits.

6. What are the symptoms of viral diseases of cabbage?

Chinese cabbage virus disease, also known as solitary disease or convulsion, is the earliest of the three major diseases of Chinese cabbage. The disease can occur from the seedling stage to the heart stage. When the disease occurs, the leaf bark shrinks and becomes uneven, especially the heart leaf becomes cramped, and yellow-green mosaic symptoms appear. Brown necrotic spots or stripes appear on the leaf veins, and sometimes the leaves tilt to one side. When the plant is severely shortened, it cannot heart. Although it can heart in the middle and late stages of the disease, the necrotic spots inside the leaf head will rot, and even if it does not rot, it loses its commercial value.

These symptoms of Chinese cabbage are caused by virus infection. These viruses can overwinter on the seed epidermis and weeds, and then be spread by aphids. When adverse weather conditions such as high temperature and drought occur after Chinese cabbage is sown, aphids reproduce in large numbers and spread the virus, causing serious disease. Especially before the six-leaf stage of seedlings is the susceptible period of viral diseases, and the earlier the disease occurs, the more serious the damage. Therefore, the key period for the prevention and control of Chinese cabbage virus diseases is the seedling stage and the early growth stage. Aphids must be prevented and controlled in time during these two periods. You can choose 10% cypermethrin 1500 times solution or avermectin and other agents, spray once every 5-7 days, and use it twice in a row to reduce the insect population base. Agricultural prevention and control should not be ignored. One is seed disinfection, and the other is timely removal of weeds to create an environmental condition conducive to plant growth, which can reduce the incidence of the disease.

7. What are the symptoms of viral diseases in mint?

Viral diseases of mint: Viral diseases are mainly caused by tobacco mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus.

8. What are the clinical symptoms of porcine parvovirus disease? Porcine parvovirus disease?

Porcine parvovirus infection (PPI) is also known as pig reproductive disorder. It is a pig reproductive disorder caused by porcine parvovirus. It is characterized by miscarriage, stillbirth, and mummification in pregnant sows. Porcine parvovirus infection is a pig reproductive disorder caused by porcine parvovirus (PPV). The disease is mainly manifested by infection and death of the embryo and fetus, especially stillbirth, deformed fetus and mummification in primiparous sows, but the sows themselves have no obvious symptoms.

9. What are the symptoms of wheat virus disease?

There are three types of wheat virus diseases: 1. Wheat yellow mosaic disease

Symptoms: The disease is serious in winter wheat. After infection, no symptoms are shown before winter. Symptoms only appear in the spring when wheat turns green. Infected plants produce chlorotic stripes on the new leaves after 4-6 leaves. A few heart leaves are twisted and deformed. Later, the chlorotic stripes increase and spread. 2. Wheat yellow mosaic disease, symptoms: mainly yellowing of leaves and dwarfing of plants. 3. Wheat dwarf disease, symptoms: the upper leaves of infected plants have yellow-green stripes, the number of tillers increases, the plants are dwarfed, and they are dwarfed.

10. What are the harmful symptoms and prevention and control methods of soybean virus disease?

Soybean virus symptoms?

1. Light flower leaf type

The leaves are flat and have light yellow spots when observed with the naked eye. When the diseased leaves are picked off and exposed to sunlight, they can be seen to have yellow-green spots. The plant growth is basically normal. Disease-resistant varieties and plants infected at a later stage often show this symptom.

2. Heavy flower and leaf type

The diseased leaves are yellow-green mosaic, severely wrinkled, with protruding mesophyll, leaf edges curling backwards, leaf veins necrosis, and the plants are dwarfed and dark green.

3. Wrinkled leaf mosaic

The leaves are wrinkled and twisted, the veins are bubble-like, the plants are dwarfed, and the pods are few.

4. Macular type

It is usually mixed with mild mosaic and wrinkled mosaic symptoms. There are two phenotypes of this condition, one is yellow spot necrosis, which is more common in southern areas, and the other is yellow spot mosaic in the northeast. Both phenotypes are more common in the pod-setting period. In the former, the leaves on the plant shrink and become yellow mottled, and the veins turn brown and necrotic. Generally, the old leaves do not shrink, but the leaves on the upper part of the plant are mostly wrinkled and mosaic-like.

Prevention and control methods of soybean virus diseases

1. Agricultural measures

Strictly select seeds before sowing and remove brown spots. Sow seeds at the right time so that soybeans bloom before the planthoppers are in full bloom. Remove diseased seedlings during the seedling stage, prevent and control white planthoppers in a timely manner, strengthen field management, cultivate strong seedlings, and improve the disease resistance of varieties.

2. Breed and promote virus-resistant varieties

Since soybean mosaic virus is mainly transmitted through seeds and the disease resistance varies greatly among varieties, and because the physiological races of mosaic virus vary from place to place, the disease resistance of the same variety planted in different regions is also different. Therefore, disease-resistant varieties should be selected and promoted based on clarifying the main physiological races of mosaic virus in the region.

3. Establish disease-free seed fields

Many viruses that infect soybeans are transmitted through seeds. Therefore, planting virus-free seeds is one of the most effective ways to prevent and control the disease. There are two points to note when establishing virus-free seed fields: first, there should be no virus host plants within 100 meters around the seed field. Second, the diseased plants should be removed in time after the seed field emerges, and the diseased plants should be removed again before flowering. After 3-4 years of planting, virus-free source seeds can be obtained. The seed transmission rate of first-class seeds is less than 0.1%, and the seed transmission rate of commercial seeds (field seeds) is less than 1%.

4. Control of Laodelphax striatellus and Whiteleaf Planthopper

Most soybean viruses are spread by them. Cover the soybean seed field with silver film or insert silver film strips at intervals in the field to avoid and drive away aphids. If planthoppers are found in the field, they should be controlled with pesticides in time. Spraying before migration is the best effect. You can choose to spray 50% anthraquinone wettable powder 10 grams, or 2.5% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate 2000-4000 times, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2500 times, etc. for foliar spraying.