CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to identify whether chickens have ascariasis?

1. How to identify whether chickens have ascariasis?

How to identify and diagnose whether chickens have ascariasis? When there are a small number of ascarids in the intestines of chickens, no obvious symptoms can be seen. When chicks and young chickens under 3 months old are parasitized, the number of ascarids is often large, and the initial symptoms are not obvious. Then they gradually show low spirits, loss of appetite, ruffled feathers, drooping wings, pale beards, visible mucous membranes and legs, slow growth, weight loss and weakness, alternating diarrhea and constipation, and sometimes bloody mucus mixed in the feces.

Adult chickens generally do not show symptoms, but in severe cases, they will have diarrhea, anemia and reduced egg production. Autopsy shows obvious anemia, weight loss, intestinal mucosal congestion, swelling, inflammation and bleeding; local tissue hyperplasia, a large number of protruding parts of the worms can be felt by hand, and the hard contents can be clearly felt to block the intestines. Cutting the intestinal wall shows that many roundworms are twisted together in a rope shape.

2. How to accurately and quickly diagnose chicken diseases?

For technicians in veterinary pharmaceutical companies, the most basic requirement for practitioners is to accurately and quickly diagnose chicken diseases and provide reasonable prevention and control measures.

Therefore, if we want to do this job well, if we want to gain a foothold in this industry and develop for a long time, we must master this skill proficiently, and our judgment of the disease must be very accurate, minimizing the error as much as possible.

So, how can we accurately and quickly diagnose chicken diseases? What are the techniques and issues to pay attention to in the process of diagnosing chicken diseases? In the nearly ten years of working in this field, the author has summarized some experiences and methods, and here is a statement: First of all, diagnosing chicken diseases cannot be separated from the guidance of theoretical knowledge.

For example, the pathogen, epidemiology, clinical symptoms, pathological changes, and laboratory diagnosis of a certain chicken disease.

We should keep this knowledge firmly in mind and memorize it thoroughly when we are in school.

In actual work, we must combine theory with practice and link them closely. Only with solid theoretical knowledge as a foundation can we achieve a higher degree of accuracy in our judgment of diseases.

Then, in the actual operation process, there are several steps to judge chicken diseases: 1. Observation. The content of observation includes: the mental state, neatness, uniformity, density of the flock, the environment in the chicken house, the integrity of the equipment, ventilation, temperature control, the freshness of the feed, changes in the flock's feces, the proportion of sick chickens, the various symptoms exhibited by sick chickens, etc.

2. Listen to the overall sounds of the flock, the various respiratory symptoms they exhibit, and how they differ from the sounds made by normal chickens.

3. Be sure to ask the farm owner or breeder about the age of the chickens, feed intake, water intake, egg production, length of illness, medication process, vaccination status, mortality rate, and some details in feeding and management.

4. Autopsy Autopsy is the most important link in the entire process of disease diagnosis. For many diseases, the final diagnosis can only be made through dissection.

Therefore, mastering anatomy and being able to accurately distinguish pathological changes are essential skills for every practitioner.

5. Thinking and Analysis After going through these necessary steps, we can have a preliminary judgment on the chicken disease, but to draw a conclusion still requires careful analysis and thinking.

This step is particularly important in the absence of laboratory diagnosis.

The analysis mainly includes: combining all the information seen, heard, asked, and obtained from the autopsy, linking it to the current epidemic situation in the region, excluding irrelevant items, integrating all corresponding items, and finally drawing conclusions.

Then come up with a treatment or management plan.

When judging and grasping chicken diseases, we must follow one principle: take it seriously and be careful and responsible.

Be careful to avoid the following types of mistakes: 1. Empiricism and blind judgment.

It often happens that some people simply look at the symptoms of the chickens and then arbitrarily draw conclusions, saying that they have a certain disease and use certain medicines. This practice is irresponsible and undesirable.

2. Rely only on theory and not connect with reality.

Some people often do this: after simply dissecting one or two chickens, they say that the chickens have some disease and will feed them some medicine.

This approach is also not advisable.

Sometimes one or two dead chickens cannot represent the entire flock, and blindly administering medicine will delay the treatment of the disease.

3. Do not distinguish between the important and the unimportant, and throw everything into one pot.

Sometimes chicken diseases are more complicated or there are too many mixed types, and some people cannot distinguish the main from the secondary. They give medicine to all the symptoms they see, and feed a large amount of medicine at a time. Not only will it not cure the disease, but it will also cause a burden to the chickens.

4. Unclear concepts and inappropriate handling methods.

Some people say that chickens have chronic breathing if they see that they have been breathing for a long time, or that they have white loose feces if they see that the chickens have white diarrhea. Such a rough judgment will lead to a large deviation in treatment and cause delays in the treatment of the disease.

5. Only studying pathology but failing to think comprehensively.

There are many problems that may occur in feeding management, the quality of feed, the characteristics of the breed, the influence of seasonal environment and other related factors. If you do not consider these issues and just blindly look for the cause of the problem, it is easy to get into a dead end.

In short, in the process of work, use your brain more, summarize more, practice basic skills well, and make judgments on chicken diseases carefully and patiently with a serious and responsible attitude towards work and customers.

It is of great benefit to work, customers and ourselves. Even without advanced experimental equipment, we can have a clear idea and become experts in the industry.

3. How to prevent chicken leukemia?

First of all, I would like to state that there is currently no suitable vaccine to prevent chicken leukemia. Therefore, the occurrence and spread of this disease can only be controlled by strengthening feeding management and cutting off the transmission route.

How to prevent chicken leukemia?

Based on the farm's experience in preventing and controlling chicken lymphocytic leukemia and combined with the domestic prevention and control practices in recent years, it is recommended that chicken farmers take comprehensive prevention and control measures.

In the process of manufacturing other vaccines, if the quality control is poor, the chicken lymphocytic leukemia virus may be mixed into the vaccine, which may cause lymphocytic leukemia in chickens after vaccination. Therefore, large-scale breeding companies try to use vaccines with guaranteed quality.

Antibody monitoring means regular and continuous antibody testing of chickens, and timely elimination of positive chickens according to antibody levels. In the absence of vaccination, if lymphocytic leukemia virus antibodies are produced in chickens, it means that the chickens have been infected with the disease. In this case, if infected chickens are eliminated immediately, the source of infection in the chickens is eliminated, and disinfection and other measures are taken to cut off the transmission route, the epidemic can be stopped quickly and the losses can be minimized. Through antibody testing, infected chickens can be found before serious symptoms occur in the chickens. Therefore, antibody monitoring is a strategic measure for large chicken farms, especially breeder farms, to prevent and control lymphocytic leukemia.

Disinfection work: The chicken house equipment should be disinfected regularly, and vehicles and personnel entering and leaving should also be disinfected. After all people enter and leave, the chicken house should be fumigated and disinfected.

Normally, we should strengthen the management of chicken flocks, formulate feeds reasonably, avoid moldy and spoiled feeds, reasonably add trace elements and vitamins, and improve the resistance of chicken flocks. Since adult chickens and chicks have different disease resistance, in order to prevent the outbreak of diseases, adult chickens and chicks cannot be raised in the same chicken house. Chickens from different batches and with large age differences cannot be raised in the same chicken house.

4. How to soak garlic seeds to prevent root rot?

1. Garlic seeds can be soaked in carbendazim solution. Put garlic cloves in 500 times carbendazim solution, mix and soak for 12-16 hours, remove and dry before sowing, which can increase the germination rate and reduce diseases. You can also use 500 grams of quicklime mixed with 50 kilograms of water, soak the garlic seeds for 24 hours, remove them, and then mix 50 kilograms of seeds with 1 kilogram of sulfur powder, place the garlic seeds in a cool place, and cover them with fine sand to accelerate early germination.

2. Imidacloprid and fludioxonil can also be used for garlic seed dressing, which can effectively prevent and treat most pests and diseases such as garlic maggots, grubs, wireworms, cutworms, root rot, white rot, soft rot, etc. Specific usage: 1-3 days before sowing garlic, use 250 ml of 60% imidacloprid suspension seed dressing agent + 200-300 ml of 2.5% fludioxonil suspension seed dressing agent, add appropriate amount of water, mix 160-180 kg of garlic, evenly wrap the seed dressing agent on the surface of garlic seeds, dry in a cool place, and then sow.

5. How to deal with chlamydia in chickens?

If it is a mixed infection of mycoplasma and chlamydia, doxycycline + tylosin is recommended.

6. How to prevent and treat staphylococcal disease in chickens?

Staphylococcus aureus treatment. Many antibiotics and sulfonamides can kill staphylococci. For a chicken farm, which drug is the most effective and economical? It is necessary to conduct drug sensitivity tests on the staphylococci isolated in the farm and select the most sensitive drug for treatment to obtain satisfactory results. When the effect of a drug is not satisfactory, another drug should be replaced in time. Commonly used drugs are:

①Gentamicin: 4000 units per head, twice a day, for 3-5 days. ②Kanamycin: 2000-3000 units per head, twice a day, for 3-5 days. Or 4000 units per head in drinking water, for 7 days. ③Penicillin: 50,000-100,000 units per kilogram of body weight, twice a day, for 3-5 days. ④Midecamycin: 0.011% mixed with feed or drinking water, for 5 days. ⑤Sulfadimethoxine: Add 5 grams per kilogram of feed, for 3-5 days. ⑥Supplement 14: 0.2% in drinking water, once a day, for 7 days.

While using medication for treatment, use 0.3% peracetic acid, 0.1% Disinfectant King or 0.5% Bacterial and Virus Hostile Chicken House for disinfection. When the disease occurs, disinfect twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, with a dosage of 20 to 30 ml of disinfectant per square meter.

7. What is the pronunciation of “treat existing diseases and prevent future diseases”?

zhiyibingfangweibing

to prevent

1. To be prepared. To prevent flooding. To be prepared for an emergency. To beware of counterfeiters. You have to be careful of this kind of people.

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1. (Phonetic sound. From Fu, square sound. Original meaning: dam)

2. Same original meaning

Fang, dike. ——Shuowen

To prevent water. ——"The Rice Man" in "The Book of Zhou"

3. Fortress; fortification.

Such as: Jufang (gate defense); border defense; Fangqiu (border defense in autumn)

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1. Dike building

Those who are good at prevention will be flooded with water. - "The Book of Craftsmen" in "The Rites of Zhou"

2. to prevent; to guard against

Not guarding against rivers. ——《Guoyu·Zhouyu》. Note: "barrier."

It is more difficult to guard against the people's mouths than to guard against floods.

The eunuchs were so guarded that even servants were not allowed to approach them. -- Fang Bao, Qing Dynasty, "Stories about Zuo Zhongyi"

3. to defend; to defend; to defend

8. Are you specialized in chicken diseases?

I think chicken disease is professional. Because chicken disease is a professional field. So it is professional

9. What diseases are chickens prone to?

1. Bacterial diarrhea The weather is cold and hot, resulting in poor intestinal conditioning, a large number of pathogenic microorganisms proliferate, and diarrhea. The chickens are in good spirits, but grow slowly, with pale combs. Some chickens have white strips or mucous feces, which contain undigested feed and are slightly yellow in color. Some chickens are depressed, shrink their heads, tremble, run around, scream easily, and then become paralyzed. The incidence rate of chickens is about 1%. Prevention and control measures: (1) Isolate sick chickens, eliminate residual chickens, remove litter, and completely disinfect. (2) Pay attention to both heat preservation and ventilation. (3) Suggest a medication plan and use microecological preparations to restore intestinal function. Strengthen the feeding and management of the chickens to keep the chickens strong and do a good job of epidemic prevention and disinfection. (4) Drug prevention: Commonly used drugs include penicillin, chlortetracycline, norfloxacin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, etc., which have effective effects. The drugs can be mixed with water, mixed with feed, and administered to each chicken. For sick chickens that refuse to eat or drink, injection should be used (50,000 to 100,000 units of penicillin per chicken, twice a day, for 2 to 3 consecutive days). (5) Immunization: If the disease is not prevalent in the chicken farm, vaccination with bacteria is generally not necessary. In prevalent areas, vaccination with bacteria has a certain effect.

2. Fowl pox is caused by fowl pox virus. When fowl pox occurs in laying hens, the egg production rate decreases. The chickens' appetite, spirit and feces are basically normal. Skin-type fowl pox has characteristic papule-like nodules on the comb and wattles, which generally do not cause death; mucosal-type fowl pox has yellow-white cheesy pseudomembranes attached to the mouth and throat, and there is a "crackling" sound when breathing. During autopsy, local pox can be seen in skin-type fowl pox; in addition to the yellow-white pseudomembranes in the mouth and throat, mucosal-type fowl pox can also be seen in the tracheal mucosa. There are no lesions in other internal organs. Prevention and control measures: (1) The most reliable way to prevent fowl pox is to vaccinate with fowl pox vaccine. (2) Keep the chicken house clean, dry, ventilated and light-permeable, and disinfect it regularly. In particular, mosquito prevention and control should be done well. (3) Antibiotics are used to treat fowl pox to prevent secondary infection. The scabs on the skin are generally not treated.

3. Chicken leukocytosis is a disease caused by leukocytosis invading the tissue cells of blood and internal organs. Sick chickens are depressed, stand with eyes closed, have diarrhea, and have a reduced or no appetite; their feces are green and often bloody; they are anemic, emaciated, have pale crowns, and grow slowly; most sick chickens suddenly cough up blood and have difficulty breathing before death; the egg production rate of laying hens drops sharply. During autopsy, it can be seen that the chicken's crown and wattles are pale, the meat color becomes lighter, and there is extensive subcutaneous bleeding all over the body; the liver is enlarged and earthy yellow, with yellow-white nodules as large as millet grains to soybeans; the kidneys are swollen and bleeding, and there are a lot of blood clots on their surface; the spleen has bleeding spots; the pancreas, gizzard, and abdominal fat of some chickens have bleeding spots; the lungs are bleeding, and there are blood clots in the trachea and bronchi.

4. Infectious rhinitis in chickens Infectious rhinitis in chickens is characterized by inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinuses, sneezing and facial swelling. The more obvious symptoms are facial swelling, serous and mucous secretions in the nasal cavity and sinuses, conjunctivitis, swelling of the tissue around one eye socket, severe blindness, obvious edema of the wattles, and difficulty breathing when the inflammation of the upper respiratory tract spreads to the trachea and lungs. Prevention and control measures: (1) Vaccination. (2) Feeding management: Strengthen feeding management, improve ventilation conditions in chicken houses, reduce ammonia content in the environment, implement a full-in and full-out feeding system, completely disinfect the house after emptying it, and wait for a period of time before introducing new chickens, and do a good job of veterinary hygiene and disinfection inside and outside the chicken house. (3) Choose sulfonamide drugs to treat this disease. Chinese herbal medicine: 100 grams each of Angelica dahurica, Saposhnikovia divaricata, Leonurus japonicus, Prunus mume, Polyporus umbellatus, Terminalia chebula, and Alisma orientalis, 80 grams each of Cyperus rotundus, Platycodon grandiflorum, Scutellaria baicalensis, Pinellia ternata, Ginger, Leonurus japonicus, and Licorice. Crush and sieve, mix well, and it is the dosage for 100 chickens for 3 days, that is, an average of 42 grams per chicken per day. Mix with feed and feed for 9 consecutive days.

10. What are the intestinal parasites of chickens and how to prevent and control them?

1. Chicken malarial parasite disease

Chicken Plasmodium belongs to the suborder Haemosporidia, family Plasmodium, and is transmitted by Culex pipiens and Aedes mosquitoes. Its development process in mosquitoes is similar to that of pigeon blood parasites.

2. Chicken leukocytosis

Chicken leukocytosis is a protozoan disease caused by leukocytosis invading the tissue cells of blood and internal organs. This disease is more serious in southern my country and often appears endemic; in recent years, it has also occurred in northern China. This disease is serious and harmful to chicks, with a high incidence rate and obvious symptoms, often causing large-scale deaths.

3. Cryptosporidiosis in chickens

Cryptosporidiosis is a disease caused by Cryptosporidium parasitizing the microvilli of the respiratory and digestive tract mucosal epithelium. Two species have been found in poultry in my country, namely Cryptosporidium belli, which causes bursal and respiratory infections in chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, and quails, and Cryptosporidium meleagridis, which causes intestinal infections in turkeys, chickens, and quails.

4. Chicken Ascariasis

Ascariasis is a common intestinal parasitic disease. In large-scale group breeding, chicks often suffer from ascariasis, which affects their growth and development, and can even cause death in severe cases. When dead chickens are dissected, nematodes the size of bean sprouts are often found in the small intestine, blocking the intestine. There are a few worms, or hundreds of worms. The intestinal mucosa becomes inflamed, edematous, and congested. Adult ascarids are yellow-white in color, with males 50 to 76 mm long and females 60 to 116 mm long. Chicks under 3 months old are most susceptible to infection.

5. Chicken coccidiosis

Coccidiosis is a common and very serious parasitic disease in chickens. It is an acute epidemic parasitic disease caused by one or more coccidia. The economic losses it causes are staggering. The morbidity and mortality rate of chicks aged 10 to 30 days or young chickens aged 35 to 60 days can be as high as 80%. The growth of recovered chicks is stunted and weight gain is slow; adult chickens generally do not get sick, but as carriers, their weight gain and egg-laying ability are reduced, and they are an important source of coccidiosis.

6. Chicken lice

Chicken lice: A parasite on chickens, belonging to the family Brachycera spp. of the order Trichophaga, class Insecta. It sucks chicken blood, causing the chicken to lose its appetite and reduce its resistance to disease.

7. Chicken knee mite disease

It is caused by mutant knee mites and chicken knee mites parasitizing under the skin scales of the feet and toes.

8. Chicken nematode disease

Chicken gastric nematode disease is a general term for parasitic diseases caused by a type of nematodes that parasitize the glandular stomach and gizzard of chickens. It is characterized by catarrhal inflammation or ulcers in the glandular stomach and hemorrhagic inflammation of the gizzard mucosa.

9. Chicken tapeworm disease

Chicken tapeworm disease is caused by multiple tapeworms of the genus Riley parasitizing in the duodenum of chickens. Common Riley tapeworms include Riley's spiny groove tapeworm, Riley's quadrilateral tapeworm and Riley's round tapeworm. Chickens of all ages can be infected, as can turkeys, pheasants, guinea fowls, peacocks, etc. Chickens aged 17 to 40 days are most susceptible and have the highest mortality rate.

10. Chicken fluke disease

Chicken trematodes are a type of parasitic disease caused by trematodes parasitizing poultry. The main diseases include anisogonimiasis, echinostomiasis, and dorsal trematode disease. The parasites generally use aquatic plants and animals as intermediate hosts. The eggs of sick chickens have rough shells or they lay thin-shelled eggs, soft-shelled eggs, or shellless eggs.

11. Chicken Histomoniasis

Also known as blackhead disease, this disease often occurs in the warm season from late spring to early autumn. Chickens, turkeys, partridges and chicks can all be infected. This disease is caused by the histomonas penetrating the cecum wall to reproduce, enter the bloodstream and parasitize the liver. Chickens aged 2 weeks to 4 months are highly susceptible, with an incubation period of 7 to 12 days. Adult chickens can also develop the disease, but the infection is latent and they become carriers.

12. Dermanyssa gallinae

Dermanysus gallinae belongs to the family Dermanysus gallinae. It lives in the nests of chickens, pigeons, sparrows and other birds, sucking the blood of birds and sometimes humans. When severely invaded, chickens can become increasingly emaciated, anemic, and have reduced egg production. Dermanysus gallinae can also spread avian cholera and spirochetosis.