CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Is it really feasible to raise chickens with fly maggots? Please tell me more details, thank you~

In terms of the conversion of elements in matter, the nutrition in animal manure should be very low. I learned on the Internet that the N content in animal manure is 0.95-0.78g per kilogram. According to the ideal assumption that the N element is completely converted into protein form (i.e.: completely turned into fly maggots - considering that its protein content is 60% on average), it is calculated as follows: 1 ton of manure---950gN element-1583g fly maggots. In other words, in the true sense, 1 ton of manure can ideally produce 1.5kg of dry fly maggots. This is too far from 60kg of dry fly maggots (200 jin x 60%)! ! ! So I think it is a bit exaggerated to raise chickens with fly maggots! ! !

Hello sir, I read your article and it is very good. Do you have any contact information?

Raising maggots in feces? How to pick them out? If you don't pick them out, it's still a question whether chickens will eat them

I am also planning to raise chickens next year, but I am a novice and have no skills at all. I am worried about where to learn the skills!

Ecological habits of flies

In biology, flies are typical "complete metamorphosis insects". Their life cycle goes through four stages: egg, larva (maggot), pupa, and adult, and the morphology of each stage is completely different. The details are as follows:

1. Eggs

The eggs are milky white, banana-shaped or oval, and about 1 mm long. There are two ridges on the back of the eggshell, and the membrane between the ridges is the thinnest. The larvae will drill out from here when hatching. The development time of the egg stage is 8 to 24 hours, which is related to the ambient temperature and humidity. The eggs will not develop below 13°C, and will die below 8°C or above 42°C. Within the following range, the incubation time of the eggs shortens with the increase of temperature: 20 hours at 22°C; 16 to 18 hours at 25°C; 14 hours at 28°C; and only 8 to 10 hours at 35°C. The humidity of the growth medium also affects the hatching rate of the eggs: the hatching rate is highest when the relative humidity is 75% to 80%; the hatching rate is significantly reduced when it is below 65% or above 85%.

2. Larvae

The larvae of flies are commonly known as maggots, and there are three instars: the first instar larvae are 1 to 3 mm long and have only the posterior spiracles. After molting, they become the second instar, 3 to 5 mm long, with anterior spiracles and 2-cleft posterior spiracles. After molting again, they become the third instar, 5 to 13 mm long, with 3-cleft posterior spiracles. The body color of maggots changes from transparent and milky white to creamy yellow from the first to the third instars until they mature and pupate. The third instar larvae are oblong cone-shaped, with a pointed front end and a truncated rear end, without eyes or feet. The life characteristics of maggots are that they like to drill holes, fear strong light, and live in dark places where they breed all day long. They are polyphagous, and all kinds of corrupt and fermented organic matter are their delicious food. The larval stage is a critical period in the life of a fly, and the quality of its growth and development is directly related to the individual size and reproductive efficiency of the fly.

The main factors affecting the growth and development of fly maggots are as follows:

① Temperature: Its level is directly related to the length of the development time of fly maggots. The optimum environmental temperature (culture medium temperature) is 34-40℃, and the development period can be shortened to 3-3.5 days; when the temperature is 25-30℃, the development period is 4-6 days; when the temperature is 20-25℃, the development period is 5-9 days; when the temperature is 16℃, the development period is as long as 17-19 days. The lowest temperature during the development period is 8-12℃, and it will die if it is higher than 48℃.

② Humidity: The suitable humidity for 1st to 2nd instar maggots is 61% to 80%, and the best humidity is 71% to 80%. The suitable humidity for 3rd instar maggots is 61% to 70%, and they cannot develop normally if it exceeds 80%. It can be seen that the development of maggots requires a certain humidity, but the higher the better. In production practice, the suitable humidity is 65% to 70%; below 40%, the development of maggots stagnates, pupation is extremely rare, and even leads to the death of maggots.

③ Food: One of the important ecological features of fly maggots is that they are omnivorous and they feed locally in their habitats. Someone once found as many as 76,400 fly maggots and pupae in 1.5 square meters of pig manure! Animal feed, plant feed and even protein in microorganisms are all nutrients that fly maggots like to consume. The quantity, quality, fermentation temperature and even water content of food are directly related to the development effect of fly maggots. After the third-instar fly maggots mature, they stop eating. Under low temperature of 15-20℃ and low humidity, they often leave the breeding place and drill into the nearby loose soil to pupate. Someone once found thousands of housefly pupae in the cracks of the damaged cement floor at the base of the wall in a winery.

④ Ventilation: Air circulation is conducive to the growth and development of maggots. In garbage dumps, maggots are often distributed in corners and bases with large gaps.

Mastering the growth characteristics of the above-mentioned fly maggots and using them to guide actual production will be of great benefit to improving the efficiency of fly maggot farming.

3. Pupa

Pupa is the third metamorphosis in the life history of flies. It is barrel-shaped, i.e., the peri-pupa. Its body color changes from light to dark, and finally turns into chestnut brown, 5 to 8 mm long. Metamorphosis continues inside the pupa shell, and once the prototype of the fly is formed, it enters the eclosion stage. During eclosion, the frontal sac on the head of the fly expands and contracts alternately, pushing the head end of the pupa shell open and crawling out, passing through loose sand or other culture materials to reach the ground surface. From pupation to eclosion is called the pupal stage.

The external factors that affect the growth and development of pupae mainly include:

① Temperature: After the third-instar flies mature, they tend to pupate in a slightly lower temperature environment. However, when the temperature is below 12°C, the pupae stop developing; when the temperature is above 45°C, the pupae will die. Within the appropriate range, as the temperature rises, the pupal period shortens accordingly. At 16°C, it takes 17 to 19 days; at 20°C, it takes 10 to 11 days; at 25°C, it takes 6 to 7 days; at 30°C, it takes 4 to 5 days; at 35°C, it only takes 3 to 4 days, which is the optimal development temperature. The characteristic of pupae is that they are relatively cold-resistant. According to experiments, housefly pupae were refrigerated in a refrigerator at a temperature of 1°C and an ambient humidity of 85% for 4 days and then returned to normal room temperature. The emergence period was only delayed by 1 day compared to the normal pupal period; refrigeration for 3 days in the above environment did not reduce its emergence rate.

② Humidity: According to experiments, the best culture medium humidity for pupae development is 45% to 55%. Higher than 70% or lower than 15% will significantly affect the normal emergence of pupae. If pupae are soaked in water, the longer the time, the lower the pupation rate of fly maggots and the emergence rate of pupae. Someone once fished out 1,000 fly pupae from liquid garbage, and after transferring them to a dry environment, not a single one of them emerged as an adult fly.

It is worth mentioning that if the nutrients for culturing maggots are insufficient, the maggots will pupate without fully developing. Such pupae can also hatch into adult flies, but more than 95% of these adult flies are males, which only eat food and do not lay eggs, and all die in about a week. Therefore, the maggots used for pupation must be raised with sufficient nutrients to make them fatter, and the greater their female proportion. Only when there are more female breeding flies can the egg-laying capacity be guaranteed and the yield be stable.

4. Adult flies

The adult flies that have emerged from the pupa need to go through several stages of resting, crawling, stretching, spreading wings, and hardening of the body wall before they can develop into adult flies that have the ability to fly, feed, and reproduce. The body wall of the housefly that has just emerged from the pupa is soft and light gray, the wings have not yet spread, and the frontal sac has not retracted. Later, the two wings will stretch, the epidermis will harden and the color will deepen. After 1 to 1.5 hours, the two wings will be able to fly. Under the condition of 27℃, the adult flies will start to move and feed 2 to 24 hours after emergence. Its ecological habits are as follows.

(1) Diet and lifespan

The feeding habits of flies depend on their species. Some specialize in sucking nectar and plant juices, while others specialize in eating human and animal blood or blood from animal wounds and secretions from the eyes and nose. The common houseflies, golden flies, silky green flies, blowflies, and flesh flies are omnivorous flies, which means they widely feed on human food, livestock and poultry secretions and excrement, kitchen scraps, and organic matter in garbage. They have a strong tendency to sugar, vinegar, ammonia, and fishy smells. According to research, if female flies are simply supplied with water, sugar, and carbohydrates, they can grow, but their ovaries cannot develop and they cannot lay eggs; only by adding protein food or multiple amino acids can they lay eggs normally. If royal jelly is used to feed female houseflies, the pre-oviposition period can be shortened and the egg-laying amount can be increased.

The factors that affect the life span of flies are temperature, humidity, food and water. The best temperature is 25℃～33℃ and the air humidity is 60%～70%.

Female flies live longer than male flies, with a lifespan of 30 to 60 days, and under laboratory conditions, up to 112 days. In low-temperature wintering conditions, flies can live for half a year.

Flies have a very strong ability to breed and adapt. The breeding materials of flies can be roughly divided into human feces, animal feces, decaying animals, decaying plants, garbage, and sewage. Fly maggots have a strong ability to adapt and can breed in almost all of the above six types. They especially like to live in animal feces and fermenting plants, and secondly in human feces and decaying animals.

⑵Activities and habitats

Flies are insects that are active during the day and have a strong tendency to move toward light. They stay still at night. The places where they move and live depend on the fly species, season, temperature and region. In certain seasons, stable flies, summer flies and market flies may also invade homes. The big-headed golden flies, silk green flies, blow flies, trap flies and flesh flies mainly move and live outdoors.

The activity of flies is greatly affected by temperature. They can only crawl at 4-7℃, fly at 10-15℃, eat, mate and lay eggs at above 20℃, are particularly active at 30-35℃, stop moving due to overheating at 35-40℃, and die at 45-47℃.

Flies are good at flying. They can fly at speeds of 6 to 8 kilometers per hour, and can fly up to 8 to 18 kilometers per day and night. But they usually move within a radius of 100 to 200 meters from their breeding grounds, and most of them do not exceed 1 to 2 kilometers.

The overwintering methods of flies are quite complicated. They can overwinter in the pupal state, as maggots, or as adults. In the northern cold and temperate zones, active houseflies are not seen in nature, but adult flies are still active in artificially heated rooms. Vegetable greenhouses often become the source of a large number of fly breeding in the warm spring of the following year. In the south of the Yangtze River and parts of North China, the average winter temperature is below 0°C, and flies can cleverly overwinter in the pupal state. In a few areas, dormant female flies and maggots covered with livestock and poultry manure can also be found. In the subtropical areas of southern China, the average temperature is above 5°C, and flies do not hibernate and can continue to breed and reproduce.

⑶ Male and female

⒈ Look at their individuals: smaller individuals in the group are generally males, and larger individuals are generally females; ⒉ Look at their stomachs to distinguish between males and females: the male fly's stomach is small and flat, while the female fly's stomach is large and round; ⒊ Look at their butts to distinguish between females: the male fly's butt is round, while the female fly's butt is pointed.

⑷Mating and reproduction

Under suitable temperature, male houseflies can reach sexual maturity and mate 18 to 24 hours after emergence and female houseflies can reach sexual maturity and mate 30 hours after emergence. Mating usually takes place between 5:00 and 7:00 in the morning. Sensitive sense of smell, sex pheromones and vision are all important factors that promote mating between male and female flies. A mating pair of houseflies can stay in one place for a long time, crawling together, flying together, and the effective mating time can be up to 1 hour. Most houseflies only mate once in their lifetime. The semen of male flies can be stored in the spermathecae of female flies for a long time, stimulating egg laying, and the eggs can be continuously fertilized for 2 to 3 weeks without mating with another male fly. This is rare in other insects. This is the important reason why flies have strong fertility.

The peak period of egg-laying is from 17:00 to 19:00 every day. The length of the pre-oviposition period of female flies (i.e. the time from emergence to the first egg-laying) is closely related to the ambient temperature: at 15°C, it takes an average of 9 days, at 35°C, it only takes 1.8 days, and it cannot lay eggs when the temperature is below 15°C. After mating, female flies often crawl into breeding crevices such as human and animal feces, extend their ovipositors and lay eggs deep in the breeding organisms to ensure that the eggs are fully protected.

Flies have amazing fertility. It has been observed that houseflies in the laboratory lay about 100 eggs per batch, and one female fly can lay 10-20 batches of eggs, with a total of 600-1000 eggs. In nature, each female fly can lay 4-6 batches of eggs in its lifetime, with an interval of 3-4 days between each batch, and each batch of about 100 eggs, with a lifetime egg production of 400-600 eggs. Even in North China, houseflies can reproduce 10-12 generations a year. According to the most conservative estimate, each female fly can produce 200 offspring, so 100 female flies only need 10 generations to reproduce a total of 200 trillion flies!

⑸Natural enemies

Although flies have strong reproductive capacity and a prosperous family, 50% to 60% of their offspring die prematurely due to natural enemy attacks and other disasters. There are three types of natural enemies of flies: the first is predatory natural enemies, including frogs, dragonflies, spiders, mantises, ants, lizards, geckos, robber flies and birds. Chicken manure is the breeding ground of houseflies and stable flies, but there are often ferocious giant chelicerae and earwigs in it, which will prey on fly eggs and maggots in feces. The second is parasitic natural enemies, such as parasitic wasps such as ichneumon wasps and small wasps, which often lay their eggs in fly maggots or pupae, and eat fly maggots and fly pupae after hatching. Some people have found that 60.4% of the flesh fly pupae dug out in spring were attacked by parasitic wasps and died prematurely. The third is microbial natural enemies. Japanese scholars have found that Bacillus Morita can inhibit the breeding of flies, and Chinese scholars have also found that if the spores of "Fly Monophyll Fungus" fall on flies, they will be infected with Monophyll Fungus. All of these are worthy of attention for fly maggot breeders.

Production operation steps

Production steps: select a site → build a breeding house → ferment manure → introduce or domesticate flies → cycle production.

Operation steps: ferment manure → send to maggot room → pile into strips → put egg collecting material → cover egg mass after laying → retain water and heat to breed maggots → automatic separation → collect adult maggots → comprehensive utilization → shovel out residual manure → repeat the production cycle.

1. Three-dimensional fly maggots

Construction of breeding house

Let's take the construction of a breeding house that is 10 meters long and 4 meters wide as an example:

1. Plan construction drawing (omitted), this is a single-layer plan, the second and third layers are the same. The height between the first and second layers is 80-90 cm, and the height between the second and third layers is 60 cm. The second and third layers of the pool board are separated by a single board, and the area of ​​each board is the area of ​​the maggot breeding pool. The pool board is a cement structure with a thickness of about 5 cm. A small amount of steel bars or iron wires should be placed in the middle of the pool board. The height of the pool edge is 20 cm.

2. Height of the house: The height of the side walls (walls with windows) is 2.8 to 3 meters, and the height of the main wall (walls with exhaust fans) is 3.3 to 3.8 meters. The exhaust fan is used to exhaust the air in the breeding room. You need to make a filter cover with an iron frame and screens for the exhaust fan in the breeding room to prevent flies from escaping.

3. The window should be set up in the middle of the two pools, and the size of each window is 2.2 meters high and 2 meters wide. The window should be sealed with a 60-mesh plastic screen, and then sealed with a 1-mesh steel wire mesh outside the plastic screen to prevent mice from biting the plastic screen.

⒋ Setting up of maggot collection bucket: The setting up of maggot collection bucket in three-dimensional breeding is a little different from that in the past room breeding technology. The past room breeding technology required to place a maggot collection bucket in each corner of the pool; but three-dimensional fly maggots only have maggot collection buckets in the two corners of the side connected to the operation channel. The maggot collection bucket is placed at the connection point of the two pools (omitted).

5. Roof setting: Cement tiles are used for the half of the roof on both sides, and transparent materials such as transparent plastic tiles, greenhouse film, glass tiles, etc. are used for the remaining half to ensure sufficient light in the breeding room. Four exhaust gas discharge barrels should be placed in the middle of the half of the roof on both sides (use a little finger-sized iron bar to punch countless small holes in a plastic barrel that can hold 20 kilograms of water, and use the lid of the plastic barrel to fix it to the butt of the barrel with wire. When installing, first cut a hole on a cement tile that is slightly smaller than the barrel mouth, turn the barrel upside down and place it on the cement tile mouth, and fix it with cement. A total of 8 barrels are placed on both sides of the roof.)

⒍Install fans and exhaust fans: Four wall fans need to be installed indoors, one on each wall at both ends of the operation channel and one on each back of the beam in the middle of the operation channel; four exhaust fans are installed above the topmost maggot pool at both ends. The indoor fans are controlled by the temperature controller installed outside the door, and the exhaust fans are controlled by the microcomputer switch installed outside the door. (The digital temperature controller and microcomputer switch are installed and sold to students at a small profit, 330 yuan per set, and 12 yuan for mail order. We purchase wholesale from manufacturers, and can make a profit of about 13 yuan per set. The retail price of the full set in the market is about 380 to 450 yuan.)

⒎ The roof tiles under the house are all sealed with 60 mesh screens, and the main door uses wire screens. A 2-meter-long and 1.6-meter-wide corridor should be built outside the main door, and the corridor should be covered with cement tiles. The purpose of the corridor is to prevent flies from flying out when the maggot room door is opened because the light is not particularly strong due to the corridor.

⒏ Use numerous ropes to fix the flies back and forth in the room for resting. The direction of the ropes is opposite to the direction of the operation channel. Calculated according to the length of the channel, 8 ropes are needed per meter.

⒐ Heating facilities: We invented a simple, cheap and effective automatic heating facility. The heating cost for a 40 square meter area is less than 10 yuan per day. The indoor temperature can be kept above 30℃, and the output will not decrease in winter. The specific heating measures are: build a one-square-meter stove at the end of the passage opposite to the gate. This stove is mainly used to burn sawdust (it can also burn coal and firewood). The stove is 1 meter high and the stove cover is tightly covered (sealed) with an iron plate. There are two holes with a diameter of 35 cm on the iron plate. Each hole is connected to two thin iron pipes. Each iron pipe runs along the second layer of the maggot pool to the gate and turns upward 1 meter to drill out of the maggot room. The purpose is to keep the heat in the maggot room through the iron pipe, but to discharge the combustion exhaust gas outdoors. The feed inlet of the stove is set outside the wall in the opposite direction of the gate, and the operator operates completely outdoors. The operation port is divided into two ports, the upper port is the feed port, and the lower port is the ash discharge port. Each port has a movable iron plate that can seal the furnace port. There is a small hole at the bottom of the iron plate of the lower ash discharge port, which is used to place a 30W blower. The blower is controlled by a temperature controller. Its operating principle is: first set the temperature controller to 25℃. When the indoor temperature of the maggot room is lower than 25℃, the temperature controller automatically turns on the blower switch. The sawdust in the furnace burns faster under the action of the blower, and the temperature in the maggot room will increase; when the indoor temperature rises above 25℃, the temperature controller will automatically turn off the blower power supply, and the sawdust in the furnace will burn slower; when the temperature is lower than 25℃ again, the above process will be repeated, and it will be repeated over and over again... About 200 to 300 kilograms of dry sawdust can be loaded into a stove each time. A 40-square-meter maggot breeding room only needs to add 1 to 2 times a day to meet the heating needs. The cost is very low, but very effective.

Domestication and introduction

After everything is ready, you can domesticate wild flies yourself or introduce domesticated fly maggot pupae. The fly species we choose for three-dimensional fly maggot farming are 100% domesticated red-headed flies or 80% domesticated red-headed flies and 20% domesticated small houseflies. The latter combination can make full use of the nutrients in the manure, thereby increasing the yield per unit area.

1. Domesticating wild flies

Red-headed flies have many advantages over other fly species: ① They are large, 2 to 3 times larger than houseflies; ② They lay a large number of eggs, with each female fly laying 3 times as many eggs per day as a housefly; ③ They have a long lifespan, houseflies lay very few eggs after 20 days and basically die after 25 days, but red-headed flies still lay a lot of eggs at 30 days old, with an average lifespan of 45 days; ④ They have a strong ability to adapt to the environment, because red-headed flies always live in dirty and poor environments. After artificial breeding and improvement, they can quickly adapt and show a sense of closeness to the breeder (you can touch it with your hands); ⑤ The maggots are large, 2 to 3 times larger than houseflies, and are smaller than houseflies. 6. Maggots are easier to be digested by economic animals (housefly maggots have hard skins, and many economic animals cannot digest the nutrients in the skins after eating them, and then they are excreted whole. For example, housefly maggots are fed to frogs, some aquatic products, chickens, etc., but red-headed fly maggots do not have this problem and can be completely digested by animals); 7. Red-headed fly maggots grow fast, and mature 1 to 2 days faster than housefly maggots under the same environment; 8. Maggots and feces are easy to separate. Under the condition of sufficient nutrients and temperature of 30°C, red-headed fly maggots mature and automatically separate 72 hours after hatching (set up an automatic separation maggot collection bucket), and are basically separated in 120 hours. However, housefly maggots have not been separated completely after 172 hours, and about 40% of the maggots become pupae in the feces.

The author started breeding houseflies (cage breeding) in 1994, but failed for three consecutive years (easy death, few eggs, cumbersome operation, difficult separation of maggots and feces, and low yield are my evaluation of caged houseflies. I believe many readers have experienced the same thing as me). (Now many promotion units are selling so-called "engineering flies" at high prices. Readers who have not seen them think that this is a very "high-end" high-yield new variety, but in fact this so-called "engineering fly" is the housefly we can see everywhere.) In 1997, I started to raise red-headed flies in a house, and succeeded in one fell swoop.

The red-headed fly is a type of fly that is commonly found in our farm toilets. It has a red head and a bright green back. It is called differently in different places. Because its head is red, we call it the red-headed fly.

The easiest way to obtain wild red-headed fly sources is to get them from the toilet. On a sunny day when the outdoor temperature is stable above 27°C, first take 10 kg of fresh pig manure, 2 kg of bran, 2 kg of pig blood, and 0.3 kg of EM effective microorganisms (which reduce or eliminate the odor in the manure pile and have a bactericidal effect, otherwise the breeding environment will be very bad, but do not use excessive amounts) and mix them into fly maggot breeding feed and put them into a maggot breeding pool in the fly maggot breeding room. The maggot catching device made of screen cloth is used. The maggots caught from the toilet must first be washed in a pond or running water, and then the washed maggots are quickly poured on the prepared fly maggot breeding feed, and the maggots will immediately drill into the feed. After 2 to 3 days, all the maggots will grow up and mature, and then automatically separate and fall into the maggot collection bucket. Put the collected mature maggots in a large plastic basin, sprinkle a little wheat bran on them, and cover the maggots with a woven bag (note that it should not be covered on the edge of the plastic basin. If the woven bag is covered on the edge of the plastic basin, water vapor will be generated in the basin, and the maggots can escape from the basin).

After 2 to 3 days, all the maggots have turned into red pupae. Use a sieve to sift out the wheat bran, and disinfect and sterilize the pupae with potassium permanganate solution (10 kg of clean water, 7 grams of potassium permanganate) for 10 minutes. Take out the disinfected and sterilized pupae, spread them out to dry, put them back in the plastic basin, sprinkle a little wheat bran on them, and cover them with a woven bag to allow the pupae to hatch.

Three days later, the pupae hatch into a large number of flies. Place food for the flies on the edge of the hatching basin so that the flies can eat as soon as they hatch.

The first batch of flies are very afraid of people. They always stay in the brightly lit places on the roof, are reluctant to come down to eat, and lay very few or no eggs. The main measures to be taken at this time are: ① Regardless of whether the flies come down to eat and lay eggs, food and egg-collecting materials must be replaced and added every day; ② When operators enter the breeding room, they must walk slowly and lightly. ③ The hatching rate must be guaranteed when laying a small number of eggs.

When the first batch of flies hatch, they should be fed with the best nutrients to maximize the number of fly maggots (females should be more numerous after hatching). When the pupae begin to hatch, all the breeding flies in the maggot room should be driven out of the breeding room to prevent them from meeting their offspring and passing on their wild habits to their offspring. After four generations, the breeding flies are successfully domesticated.

Put the maggot pupae into a maggot pool, spread them out, spray a little water on them, and cover them with a sack. The maggot pupae will hatch in 2 to 3 days. Once flies begin to hatch, they should be fed. The formula for feeding flies is: 5 kg of warm water, 1 kg of brown sugar, and 30 grams of milk powder. Add "ovulation hormone" every three days, the amount added is 10 grams. Fully melt and mix well before feeding. First put a sponge in the plastic plate, and pour the sugar water on the sponge. The time for feeding flies is 8 to 9 o'clock in the morning every day, and the sponge in the food plate needs to be cleaned every two days.

Fermentation of manure in preparation for recycling.

Operation steps: ferment manure → send to maggot room → pile into strips → put egg collecting material → cover egg mass after laying → retain water and heat to breed maggots → automatic separation → collect adult maggots → comprehensive utilization → shovel out residual manure → repeat the production cycle.

⑴. Manure formula and fermentation: ⒈ 70% fresh pig manure (excreted within 3 days), 30% chicken manure (within one week); ⒉ 100% fresh pig manure from slaughterhouse; ⒊ 75% pig manure, 25% tofu dregs; ⒋ 50% chicken manure, 25% pig manure, 25% tofu dregs; 5. 70% wheat bran, 30% chicken manure; 6. 70% wheat bran, 30% pig manure; 7. 80% wheat bran, 20% human manure.

Since the three-dimensional maggot house design has much better ventilation than the past, the manure can be sent to the maggot house after simple fermentation. Mix the above manure, spray 5 kg EM evenly per ton of manure during mixing, and the water content is 100% (pile the manure to a height of 20 cm without deformation), cover it tightly with agricultural film, and it can be used after 24 to 48 hours.

⑵ Send the fermented manure into the maggot room and pile three in each pool, each 0.8 meters long, 0.2 meters wide and 0.15 meters high. The time for feeding manure is 4 to 5 o'clock every afternoon.

⑶Put egg-collecting materials on the dung pile, and put three small piles for each. The formula of egg-collecting materials is: calculated based on 100 kg of dung: 1 kg of wheat bran, 2 liang of fish meal, 3 liang of peanut bran, and 1.5 kg of water. Mix well and put it on the dung pile. After putting the egg-collecting materials, it is forbidden to walk in the maggot room.

⑷ Under normal circumstances, after placing the egg-collecting material, flies will gather on the egg-collecting material to lay eggs. At 20:00 in the evening, use a small amount of egg-collecting material to cover the exposed egg masses.

⑸At room temperature of 25-35℃, the egg mass will generally hatch into small maggots after 8 hours. If you find that the manure pile is too dry, sprinkle a small amount of water. The small maggots will first eat the egg collection, and then drill into the manure pile to grow; 24 hours after hatching, the manure pile that was previously neatly stacked has been eaten and scattered by the maggots. At this time, you should pay attention to maintaining the moisture of the manure pile. When you find that the manure pile is dry, you should add water in time. At this time, it is best to use pig pen water, and the amount of water added should be such that no water flows out of the manure pile; as the maggots continue to grow, the manure pile has completely become loose. 72 hours after the maggots hatch, some of the first mature maggots begin to crawl out of the manure pile and fall into the maggot collection bucket. The peak period of crawling out is 96-144 hours. At this time, the manure pile scattered by maggots should be piled into a large pile twice a day. The purpose is to clean and maintain the moisture and temperature of the manure pile and prevent the scattered manure from blocking the edge of the pool and preventing the maggots from crawling into the maggot collection bucket smoothly. Generally, on the seventh day after the manure is put in, the maggots in the manure pile have basically crawled out (a small amount of maggots that have not crawled out are shoveled out and piled in the chicken place to let the chickens help clean up the remaining maggots), the residual manure is shoveled out, and the newly fermented manure is put in again, and the production cycle is repeated. At 10 o'clock every morning, all places in the maggot house are required to be sprayed once with 50 times diluted EM to eliminate odor and sterilize.

⑹ Collect the maggots in the maggot collection bucket twice a day, at 8 am and 5 pm. Wear a pair of leather gloves when collecting maggots, and then grab them. Maggots can be directly fed to economic animals without disinfection.

⑺ A 40-square-meter three-dimensional fly maggot breeding room is required to have more than 300,000 breeding flies, of which 80% are red-headed flies and 20% are small house flies. On average, 1 kg of fly maggots should be kept every three days when collecting fly maggots, and placed in a special hatching pool or a basin to allow them to hatch into pupae to ensure the number of breeding flies. The lifespan of male flies is generally only 7 days, while the lifespan of female flies is generally 15 to 25 days.

⑻ Seed preservation. If you do not want to breed in winter, and do not want to domesticate seeds next year, then you need to preserve seeds. A simple method of seed preservation is: in late autumn from September to October, use good manure to breed a batch of strong fly maggots, and let them become pupae. After all the pupae have become pupae, no moisture can be allowed on the surface of the pupae. Find one or several plastic lunch boxes to put the pupae in, and then seal the plastic lunch boxes with film. The first method is to put the plastic lunch box containing pupae in the refrigerator's cold storage room, ensuring that the temperature is 5-10℃. At this temperature, the pupae will not die or hatch. When the outdoor temperature rises above 25℃ next year, take it out and put it in the maggot room for hatching; another method is to bury the plastic lunch box containing pupae in the soil one meter below the well or use a rope to drop it into the well one meter away from the well water. When the outdoor temperature rises above 25℃ next year, take it out and put it in the maggot room for hatching.

Utilization and processing of fly maggots

There are two ways to use fly maggots. The first method is to use them directly in living form: collect the maggots and feed them directly to economic animals. Since this breeding technology uses EM effective microorganisms, the maggots are basically free of harmful bacteria, so they can be fed directly without disinfection. Poultry can only be fed 5-10% of the total feed, and some general feed can meet the nutritional needs of poultry. If the amount of fly maggots fed to poultry exceeds 10%, due to the high protein content of fly maggots, it will cause indigestion and diarrhea in poultry; aquatic animals can be fed 100% fresh fly maggots; livestock and special animals generally use maggot powder to add to the feed, and the addition amount is generally 2%. The processing method of fly maggot powder is: put the collected clean fly maggots into boiling water, and the fly maggots will die immediately, and then dry it and crush it.

In the process of raising maggots, sometimes you will find that there are many immature maggots crawling around in piles and are unwilling to enter the feces. This is because the feces lack nutrients or there are inappropriate substances in the nutrients. Generally, the situation can be changed immediately by adding new qualified maggot breeding manure.

There are many reasons that affect the production of maggots, such as ① insufficient number of flies in the maggot room; ② too low or no egg laying by flies; ③ insufficient nutrients in the maggot breeding feed; ④ too high or too low temperature...