CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What should be paid attention to when raising silkworms?

1. What should we pay attention to during the egg-laying stage of silkworm breeding?

Silkworms reproduce by eggs. There are two types of eggs: older eggs and younger eggs. After younger eggs are laid, the embryos continue to develop. After more than 10 days, larvae hatch. However, after older eggs are laid, after about a week, the embryos develop to a certain extent and then enter a "dormant period" where development is stagnant and no longer develops. Only when the conditions for terminating dormant are given can the embryos develop and hatch into larvae.

For example, the eggs of spring breeding are laid in June and can only hatch in the warm spring of the following year, which takes more than 10 months. The eggs of autumn breeding generally take 5 to 7 months.

2. What factors should be paid attention to when raising silkworms?

Those who have raised silkworms know that pesticides have a great impact on silkworms. Mild pesticides will affect the quality and yield of silkworm cocoons, easily induce some silkworm diseases, and more serious ones will lead to total crop failure, which is a big blow to farmers. In order to avoid such phenomena, farmers should pay special attention when picking and feeding mulberry leaves. Once the silkworms are found to have symptoms of poisoning, they should analyze the causes and take timely countermeasures. In order to avoid the symptoms of pesticide poisoning in silkworms, it is necessary to understand clearly what factors may cause this phenomenon. There are mainly four points.

1. The layout of the mulberry garden plot is inappropriate

In the hilly areas of the south, arable land resources are relatively scarce, and the plots allocated to each family are relatively scattered. For example, in our village, it is rare for a plot to exceed 5 mu, and most of them are less than 3 mu. Plots with better fertility are often paired with relatively poor plots, which brings great challenges to planting mulberry trees. In some plots, your family has planted mulberry trees, while the surrounding plots are rice fields, fruit trees, vegetable fields, etc. There are great hidden dangers in building mulberry gardens on such plots, and it is easy for silkworms to be poisoned by pesticides. After all, when other people's plots have insect pests and need to use pesticides, it is difficult for farmers to stop them. Sometimes you may be very careful when applying pesticides, but when the wind blows, the pesticides will be on the mulberry leaves invisibly. Silkworms eat mulberry leaves with pesticides, which can easily cause poisoning.

2. Excessive use of pesticides in mulberry fields and weak awareness of anti-poisoning

In addition to the use of pesticides on crops around the mulberry garden, pesticides are also used to eliminate pests and weeds inside the mulberry garden, especially for large mulberry gardens where manual weeding is unlikely. Some farmers do not strictly follow the instructions when using pesticides in mulberry gardens, and some farmers use the same pesticide for a long time, which is prone to drug resistance. Farmers think that the effect is not obvious, so they increase the amount of pesticides used, which is prone to pesticide residues. Silkworms eating such mulberry leaves will naturally have a significant impact.

3. Pesticide quality does not meet standards and contains hidden ingredients

Nowadays, there are many varieties of pesticides, some are new products, and some may be obsolete products. When farmers buy pesticides, it is difficult to tell which one is suitable. Basically, they look at the price first, and then listen to the recommendation of the salesperson. Some pesticides do not have complete ingredients, or the salesperson does not explain clearly, and there is a certain degree of concealment. Some pesticides themselves do not meet the quality standards. On the surface, they are written as safe and controllable, but in fact they bring some uncontrollable factors. When such pesticides are used in mulberry gardens, silkworms are prone to pesticide poisoning symptoms when they eat such mulberry leaves.

4. Pesticides that are highly toxic or extremely toxic to silkworms are used in mulberry gardens, and there are chemical factories nearby.

Since silkworms have high requirements for mulberry leaves, there cannot be insect eggs on the leaves. This also puts higher requirements on mulberry garden management, and it is necessary to do a good job in mulberry garden pest control. In many cases, in order to save trouble and reduce costs, farmers often use drugs for prevention and control. There will be obvious effects in a short time, but it will also bring some disadvantages. When using drugs, many farmers are not very clear about which drugs cannot be used and which drugs cannot be mixed. Some drugs

3. What should we pay attention to when raising silkworms aged 3 to 4 years old?

The following are some things to pay attention to when raising silkworms:

1. Silkworms cannot die of starvation; they will only die if they get sick.

2. Do not touch the silkworms with your hands; wash the mulberry leaves you feed them, but be sure to wipe off the water after washing. Do not let the silkworms touch the water, otherwise they will die. Put them in a paper box or a small sieve for sifting rice. If you use a sieve, put some paper pads at the bottom of the sieve.

3. Silkworms are particularly sensitive to fragrance, so perfume, mosquito coils, air purifiers, scented cosmetics, etc. are not allowed. Any type of pesticide is absolutely prohibited!

4. When the silkworms just hatch from the eggs, you need to be especially careful with them. Feed them with relatively tender mulberry leaves. When changing mulberry leaves, use a very soft brush to move them. Be careful with the force. Sometimes the mulberry leaves are too dry, and if you are not careful, the silkworms will be left on the discarded mulberry leaves during the process of changing mulberry leaves. It is a little difficult to raise them when they are young, but it will be easier when they grow up. When they are about to make cocoons, use some wheat straw to tie them into branches.

5. After the moths break out of their cocoons, place them together in a box. They will mate together and lay eggs. Sometimes, because there are few silkworms, some moths will be left alone when they break out of their cocoons, but don't worry, as long as you have a pair of silkworms, I believe it will be enough for you to raise.

6. Mulberry leaves should be fresh. You can also collect them in a plastic bag each time, use a few leaves every day, and sprinkle some water on the rest and put them in the refrigerator to keep them fresh. The collected leaves will have some dust, so you can wash them and dry them. You must dry them, otherwise the young or adult silkworms will have diarrhea after eating them, and they may even die.

4. How to raise silkworms correctly?

1. Mulberry leaves should be picked, transported and stored properly. Try to pick leaves in the morning or evening, transport them as soon as they are picked, and pack them loosely for fast transportation. After the picked mulberry leaves are loosened, put them in the mulberry storage pool or mulberry storage room, and store them properly to prevent them from being blown away by the wind or piled up and heated and deteriorated, which will cause waste of mulberry leaves.

2. Prevent mulberry leaves from wilting. During the young silkworm stage, use a kang bed (room) and cover the mulberry leaves with plastic film to keep the temperature and moisture, so that the mulberry leaves remain fresh. During the adult silkworm stage, close the doors and windows appropriately after feeding the silkworms, and open the doors and windows for ventilation after the silkworms have eaten about 70% of the mulberry leaves, which can effectively prevent the mulberry leaves from wilting.

3. Ensure the temperature of the silkworm room. The suitable temperature for large and small silkworms is 24℃ and 25℃ respectively. Within the suitable temperature range, the silkworms have a strong appetite, which reduces the defective mulberry leaves and improves the leaf-silk conversion rate.

4. Promote less-return rearing and mulberry-strip rearing. Labor-saving silkworm rearing technologies such as flat three-dimensional rearing of small silkworms once a day, rearing of full-age silkworms twice, and rearing of large silkworms in mulberry strips not only improve the efficiency of silkworm rearing, but also help silkworms eat mulberry leaves, saving about 5% of mulberry leaves compared with ordinary rearing.

Additional information:

Summer and autumn silkworm breeding should pay attention to

1. Prevent pesticide poisoning. During the silkworm-raising season, do not spray organic pesticides such as dimethoate in the silkworm room and the fields near the mulberry fields, as the smell will cause poisoning to the silkworms; mulberry leaves should be fed to the silkworms only after they have been tested and confirmed to be non-toxic.

2. Mosquito-repellent incense or mosquito repellent or insecticide is prohibited in the silkworm room. If it is used in the house near the silkworm room, the doors and windows of the silkworm room should be closed to prevent the silkworms from being poisoned.

3. Screen doors and windows should be installed in the silkworm room to prevent flies from entering the room and harming the silkworms, and "silkworm fly killing" emulsion should be added or sprayed on the silkworm bodies to kill the maggots.

5. What should we pay attention to when raising silkworms?

Summer and autumn silkworm breeding should pay attention to

1. Prevent pesticide poisoning. During the silkworm-raising season, do not spray organic pesticides such as dimethoate in the silkworm room and the fields near the mulberry fields, as the smell will cause poisoning to the silkworms; mulberry leaves should be fed to the silkworms only after they have been tested and confirmed to be non-toxic.

2. Mosquito-repellent incense or mosquito repellent or insecticide is prohibited in the silkworm room. If it is used in the house near the silkworm room, the doors and windows of the silkworm room should be closed to prevent the silkworms from being poisoned.

3. Screen doors and windows should be installed in the silkworm room to prevent flies from entering the room and harming the silkworms, and "silkworm fly killing" emulsion should be added or sprayed on the silkworm bodies to kill the maggots.

4. Before raising silkworms, rat holes should be blocked, silkworm racks should be kept at a certain distance from the wall, and lime powder or silkworm medicine should be sprinkled around the legs of the silkworm racks to prevent rats from climbing up. When raising silkworms, drugs should be used to kill rats.

5. In summer and autumn, the temperature is high when raising silkworms. Open doors and windows to increase indoor ventilation. Spraying mulberry leaves with clean water and using electric fans to blow breeze indoors can also help cool down the room.

6. If sick silkworms are found, they should be cleaned up in time and placed in a disinfection basin filled with bleach solution or lime slurry. It is forbidden to feed sick silkworms to livestock and poultry to prevent the spread of pathogens and pollute the environment.

7. Silkworm feces contain a large amount of pathogens. Do not spread them out to dry around the silkworm room. Instead, compost them in a pile outdoors or in a manure pit to prevent the spread of pathogens.

8. In summer and autumn, the temperature is high and pathogens multiply quickly. Pay attention to picking leaves on demand, transporting leaves in time, and storing leaves properly. The mulberry pool should be disinfected once for each age, and do not feed mulberry leaves overnight.

9. Avoid feeding wet leaves in hot and humid weather. Do not water the stored mulberry leaves. Remove sand frequently and sprinkle more fresh lime powder, dry straw and other materials to inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens.

10. When it is not the silkworm-raising season, do not store grains, bran and other items in the silkworm room to avoid moisture and the generation of mites, which will harm the silkworms during breeding.

Additional information:

Five common misunderstandings about the use of drugs in silkworm rearing In recent years, many silkworm farmers have used excessive and unconventional drugs in the prevention and treatment of silkworm diseases, which has resulted in drug poisoning of silkworms and aggravation of the disease, causing unnecessary losses in silkworm production. The author introduces the five common misunderstandings about the use of drugs in the silkworm rearing period as follows for reference by silkworm farmers.

1. The misunderstanding of using drug carriers is to spray silkworm medicine on mulberry leaves to add food to silkworms. Mulberry seedling planting technology and mulberry tree disease and insect pest control should be sprayed (sprinkled) on silkworm bodies, silkworm seats, and silkworm webs, which should be determined according to the disease type and drug type. But the actual situation is that drug carriers are often confused. For example, "Fangjiangling No. 2" is often sprayed on mulberry leaves by some silkworm farmers as a food drug, which often leads to poisoning and death of silkworms. And "Chloramphenicol for Silkworms" and "Kanjun Bacteria" that should be used to add food are often used on silkworm bodies, which is not only ineffective but also misses the best time to prevent and control silkworm diseases.

2. Misunderstandings in drug selection Some silkworm medicines are quite similar in appearance and color, and are often used incorrectly. "Big Silkworm Disease Prevention No. 1" and "Small Silkworm Disease Prevention No. 1" are only one letter different, both are bagged powders, but the concentration of the active ingredient - formaldehyde is significantly different, the former is 2.5%, and the latter is 1.25%. If they are used in reverse, it will cause drug damage to small silkworms and poor effect on large silkworms. According to the Agricultural and Forestry Network, "Fangjiangling No. 2" and "Mi Canfei" are often mixed because of their similar colors. More silkworm farmers do not know the efficacy of silkworm medicines and cannot choose the right medicine when selecting. What's worse, because they think the medicine is not strong enough, they mix and use multiple silkworm medicines, which actually promotes chemical reactions between the medicines, making the silkworm medicine lose its original efficacy and even causing drug damage. For example, "Fangbing No. 1", "Mi Canfei", "Fangjiangling No. 2" and other alkaline drugs such as lime powder should not be mixed at the same time.

3. Misunderstandings about the timing of medication. For example, when using lime powder during the dormancy period, there is no time distinction. Some people use it until the late dormancy period, causing the silkworms to molt half or not at all. "Anti-rigidity powder" works best when used before feeding at the beginning of the instar, but some silkworm farmers use it at the end of the instar when the silkworms are about to dormancy.

Fourth, the misunderstanding of the dosage of medicine is often manifested in insufficient dosage, excessive dosage, insufficient or too frequent dosage. For example, the dosage of "Ultra-Clean" fumigant used in the young silkworm stage is confused with the dosage used for disinfection before silkworms are killed, and 5 grams are used per cubic meter of space instead of 1 gram. In addition, when preventing and treating silkworm fly maggot disease, some people use "silkworm fly killing" once in the fifth instar of silkworms and think that it is enough, resulting in countless maggot holes and silkworms when collecting cocoons.

5. Mistakes in drug preparation: Drug preparation is based on guesswork and the concentration of the original drug is not taken into account, resulting in a high or low concentration. For example, when preparing bleaching powder to prevent stiffness, the effective chlorine concentration should be 2% for young silkworms and 3% for adult silkworms. However, in the prevention and control of silkworm diseases, the phenomenon of excessive effective chlorine concentration causing poisoning and death of adult silkworms occurs in almost every region and every season.