CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Do fish have prions? How to quickly distinguish between bacterial and viral diseases in fish?

1. Do fish have prions?

Whether fish have it is still under study.

Prions are abnormal proteins (PrPSc) formed by conformational changes of normal prion proteins (Prion Protein, or PrPC). The study of the multiple origins and functions of prions has become a research hotspot, and the study of fish PrP-related proteins is underway.

Now some people have conducted relatively comprehensive research on the overview of mad cow disease, the characteristics of prions, the relationship between prions and mammalian prion proteins, fish PrP-related proteins (PrP1, PrP2 and PrP3) and other fish PrP-related proteins, providing a reference for the research on PrP-related proteins of aquatic animals in China.

2. How to quickly distinguish between bacterial and viral diseases in fish?

Generally, the distinction is made according to the symptoms. For example, enteritis can be caused by bacterial infection or by parasites. During treatment, when the symptoms are difficult to distinguish, both drugs are used at the same time.

3. Which chronic diseases can apply for a chronic disease card?

The following 25 diseases can be applied for: malignant tumors, chronic renal insufficiency, aplastic anemia, rheumatoid diseases, chronic active hepatitis, chronic pancreatitis, tuberculosis, intestinal adhesions, recovery period of cerebrovascular accident, decompensated liver cirrhosis, chronic cor pulmonale, chronic heart failure, arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, Parkinson's disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic prostatitis, prostatic hyperplasia, mental illness, leprosy, lupus erythematosus, chronic atrophic gastritis, anti-rejection treatment after organ transplantation, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, etc. In my country, as long as you have these chronic diseases, you can apply.

4. What animal does not look like a fish but is a fish?

The lancelet is known as the least fish-like fish.

Amphioxus, also known as Bai's lancelet, slug fish, double-pointed fish or sea hair, is a precious marine animal. Due to its extremely special morphological structure, it has the characteristics of both invertebrates and vertebrates. It is a typical representative of the transitional type from invertebrates to vertebrates. Therefore, it is highly valued by the biological community at home and abroad.

The appearance of lancelet is very strange and interesting. It has a very small body, flattened on the left and right sides, pointed and thin ends, and a spindle-shaped body. It is generally only 4 to 5 cm long.

5. What type of fish is tilapia?

Tilapia - native to Africa, it is a tropical fish. The genus Tilapia includes more than 100 species, including subspecies. Tilapia has the characteristics of fast growth, high yield, omnivorous diet, few diseases and strong reproductive capacity.

6. NK cell proliferative disease?

Most patients may not have any symptoms or signs, but some may have lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and skin lesions. Treatment mainly uses corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. The prognosis of this disease is good, and the patient's survival period is long. A small number of patients may develop invasive NK cell tumor diseases.

7. How to handle chronic diseases in Ju County?

1. Handled by medical insurance departments: (1) Municipal: Medical Insurance Comprehensive Business Window of Human Resources Service Hall, No. 128 Beijing Road (2) Donggang District: Medical Insurance Benefits Service Window, North Hall, 1F, Rizhao Human Resources Service Industrial Park, at the intersection of Linyi Road and Juzhou Road, or the Human Resources and Social Security Office of the relevant township or street (3) Lanshan District: Medical Insurance Hall, 2F, Lanshan Human Resources Market, at the north end of Mingzhu Road (4) Ju County: 1F, Hall, Ju County People's Service Center, 200 meters north of the intersection of Ginkgo Avenue and Zhendong Avenue, Ju County, or the Human Resources and Social Security Office of the relevant township or street (5) 15F, Hall, Medical Insurance Bureau, No. 59 Fuqiang Road, Wulian County, or the Human Resources and Social Security Office of the relevant township or street; (6) Rizhao Economic and Technological Development Zone: 2F, Hall, Development Zone Government Service Center, No. 366 Tianjin West Road, or the Human Resources and Social Security Office of the relevant township or street (7) Shanhaitian Tourism Resort: 1F, Hall, Shanhaitian Government Service Center, No. 371 Shanhaitian Road;

2. Handle by designated medical institutions under agreement (to be developed);

3. After the online business processing is opened, the website address, mobile APP download address, WeChat public account and other processing methods will be announced in a timely manner.

8. What are the characteristics of fish?

The shape, body temperature, bones and skin of fish are different from those of other animals. In addition, fish have an organ that other animals do not have - the swim bladder. The existence of the swim bladder is also the reason why fish can float in the water.

1. Shape

Fish have a variety of shapes, sometimes quite different, but in general most fish are elongated and streamlined. Generally speaking, fish that swim fast in the water have elongated bodies, while fish that swim slowly or live at the bottom of the water are relatively flat. But some fish have very strange shapes, such as seahorses. The smallest fish is less than 1 cm, and the largest fish (whale shark) can reach 18 meters.

2. Body temperature.

Fish are cold-blooded animals. The body temperature of some tunas and sharks (especially sharks of the family Carcharhinidae) is higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment. Bluefin tuna is the only warm-blooded fish.

3. Bones

The skeleton of a fish is made of cartilage (cartilaginous fish) or bone (bony fish). There are four to seven gills on both sides of the skull, of which the front one has evolved into the zygomatic bone. The spine of a fish is connected to the skull, the ribs in the chest are connected to the spine, and there are long spines extending from the spine on the back, tail and abdomen.

4. Skin

Fish have two layers of skin: the outer layer contains glands that secrete mucus, and the inner layer contains many connective tissues, scales and pigment cells. The outer layer of mucus helps fish reduce drag when swimming. Cartilaginous fish do not have mucus, but the tiny, tooth-like protrusions on their skin have a similar function.

5. Fish bladder

The swim bladder is an inflatable sac-like organ in the fish's body. Its main function is not breathing. Fish rely on the swim bladder to adjust their specific gravity. Fish can use the swim bladder to slowly rise or descend without moving. Most bony fish have a swim bladder, an organ for regulating buoyancy.

9. Cold-resistant fish?

All fish species in northern China are cold-resistant, such as the common carp, crucian carp, silver carp, bighead carp, grass carp, black carp, sturgeon, black carp, loach, yarrow, schizothorax and so on.

10. Marine fish?

A: There are many kinds of marine fish. Common ones include shark, yellow croaker, horseface fish, eel, ox tongue fish, Spanish mackerel, snapper, silver pomfret, turbot, hairtail, etc. These fish contain a lot of vitamins, collagen and unsaturated fatty acids, which are good for the body. Not only can they supplement nutrition, but they can also improve skin quality, and they are low in fat and will not make you fat.