CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How much can loaches be produced per mu in rice fields?

How much is the yield per mu of rice field loach

In 1983, Ning Zhuangzhi from Anhua County, Hunan Province used 4 mu of "late rice seedling field - late rice" rice fields to raise loaches. In one year, he harvested 1,500 kilograms of loaches and 350 kilograms of rice, equivalent to 3,750 kilograms of loaches and 875 kilograms of rice per mu.

Loach farming

Construction of cement pond for breeding small loach

The output of loach farming is high or low, which is also related to the choice of site for pond construction. So, what kind of site should be chosen for the construction of a cement pond for small loach farming?

1. Site selection Cement ponds for raising loaches should be built in quiet areas that are well ventilated, sunny, low-lying, and convenient for water inlet and outlet. When choosing a site for building a pond, the following four factors should be considered: First, the site should be located at the lower end of the middle or the higher end of the middle; second, the pond should be designed and built in a place without shade from trees or walls to block the wind; third, the water source should be abundant and free of industrial pollution and chemical pesticide pollution; fourth, the pond should be built in a place with a good environment, quiet, and free of human and animal noise and mechanical noise.

2. After the excavation site of the foundation is selected, rectangular or square cement loach ponds can be designed and built according to different geographical conditions and different plans. The area of ​​the pond can be as small as 10 square meters or as large as 40 to 50 square meters.

Generally, two ponds or more ponds are built at one time, which can not only save investment, but also lay the foundation for the future feeding of loaches in separate ponds.

When digging the foundation and building the pond, it is important to make sure the bottom of the pond is 1 meter below the ground surface. This will allow the temperature in the mud layer at the bottom of the pond to remain basically balanced when breeding loaches in the future, that is, the temperature difference is relatively stable, which is conducive to the normal growth of loaches during breeding or their safe wintering when they are hibernating.

3. Construction of small loach ponds When building a cement loach pond, cement mortar is generally used to make the walls. The wall height is 1.5 meters. After the pond is built, the inner wall should be polished to prevent leakage. The bottom of the pond should also be leveled with cement. The surroundings of the leveling should be constructed meticulously to prevent leakage after the pond is built.

During the construction of the cement pool, two holes should be left, namely the water inlet hole and the drainage hole. The water inlet is set at 1 meter high on the wall; the drainage hole is set at 0.2 meters high on the wall. The size of the hole can be flexibly determined according to the size of the pool.

When building the drainage hole, you can use a wine bottle to plug it into the hole from the inner wall. When the cement is half-solidified, gently rotate the bottle and pull it out, so that the water outlet is like the neck of a wine bottle. It is very convenient to use the wine bottle as a switch in the future. If the water level outside the pool is sometimes higher than the water level inside the pool, you can make a fort at the outer end of the drainage hole. The fort is 0.4 meters long, 0.3 meters wide and 0.3-0.4 meters high. When building the fort, also plug a wine bottle in the fort, so that the neck of the wine bottle is opposite to the tip of the wine bottle in the inner hole. When the cement is half-solidified, pull out the wine bottle in the fort. In this way, no matter whether the water inside or outside the pool is large, the wine bottle at the drainage outlet will not be squeezed out due to the water pressure. If the wedge of the lid leaks, you can plug a little mud into the hole and then plug the wine bottle in. At this time, you will find that the bottle is blocked without leaking.

4. After the cement pool is built, it should be frequently wetted with water. After a week, the cement will be completely solidified and the de-alkali work can be carried out. After 5 to 7 days of de-alkali, the soil can be put into the pool.

The breeding pond should be built in a place with good lighting, warm and ventilated, convenient transportation, sufficient water source, convenient water supply and drainage, and no pollution source within 3 kilometers. The soil of the loach breeding pond is neutral or slightly acidic clay soil. The area is 100 to 300 square meters, the pond depth is 80 to 100 centimeters, and the water depth is 30 to 50 centimeters.

Clean and disinfect the pond 15 days before stocking the loach fingerlings. Leave the pond water 10 cm deep and sprinkle 100 g of quicklime per square meter in water throughout the pond.

Before stocking the seedlings, soak them in 3% salt water for 10 minutes for disinfection. Choose a sunny day at noon and release 50 to 60 loaches with a body length of 3 to 4 cm per square meter.

Feeding: Loaches have a mediocre diet, and they like small animals, plants, microorganisms, and organic debris in the water. Artificial feeding should also be fed with animal feeds such as maggots, earthworms, small fish meat, mussel meat, fish meal, livestock and poultry scraps, and plant feeds such as wheat bran, rice bran, bean dregs, and cake meal.

Feed at fixed time, fixed place, fixed quality and fixed quantity. The feeding amount depends on water quality, weather and feeding conditions. When the water temperature is suitable, feed once in the morning, noon and evening every day. When the water temperature is low, feed once in the morning and afternoon every day. The feeding amount as a percentage of the body weight of loaches in the pond: in March, 1% to 2%; in April to June, 3% to 5%; in July to August, 10% to 15%; in September, 4%. The feeding ratio of plant feed and animal feed under different water temperature conditions: when the water temperature is lower than 10℃ or higher than 30℃, feed less or no feed; when the water temperature is 11-20℃, plant feed accounts for 60% to 70%, and animal feed accounts for 30% to 40%; when the water temperature is 21-23℃, plant feed and animal feed each account for 50%; when the water temperature is 24-29℃, plant feed accounts for 30% to 40%, and animal feed accounts for 60% to 70%.

Water quality management After the loach is released, topdressing should be done in time according to the water quality, and plankton should be cultivated to keep the water body active and refreshing. When the water temperature reaches 30℃, replace the water with new water in time and increase the depth to lower the water temperature and prevent floating. If loach is found to swim to the surface of the water to swallow air frequently, it indicates that there is a lack of oxygen in the water. Fertilization should be stopped and new water should be injected immediately. In the wintering season, from December to February of the following year, no feeding is required. Only the depth of the pond water should be increased and pig and cow manure should be put in the corners of the pond to increase the water temperature and ensure the safety of loach overwintering.

For daily management, patrol the pond once in the morning and once in the evening to check the activities, eating, diseases, etc. of the loaches. At the same time, observe whether there is water leakage in the breeding pond and whether the loaches have escaped. The residual feed in the cement pond should be removed every day, and daily records should be kept.

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

Artificial breeding of loach

Category: Other practical technologies/breeding Scope of application: Unlimited

(1) Raising loaches in special ponds. This is a breeding method generally adopted by producers who specialize in loach breeding. It is best to have a mud bottom in the pond. If it is a cement pond, the soil should be 15-20 cm deep. The area of ​​the pond should not be too large, about one mu is appropriate, and 50,000 to 100,000 young seedlings of 3-4 cm in length can be placed per mu. Before stocking the seedlings, base fertilizer should be spread, mainly organic fertilizer, to cultivate a large number of zooplankton as bait for loach. After stocking the seedlings, gradually increase the feeding of feed and apply organic fertilizer. The main types of bait fed include rice bran, bean cake, bran, bean dregs, silkworm pupa powder, earthworms and food processing waste. Fertilizers include human and livestock manure, crop straw compost, etc. If the water temperature is higher than 30℃ or lower than 10℃, the amount of feed should be reduced. Generally, it takes 8-10 months of breeding to catch, and the high yield can reach 250-400 kg per mu. Each tail is about 15 cm long and weighs 10-15 grams, meeting commercial specifications.

(2) Raising loaches in rice fields. Raising loaches in rice fields can use natural bait organisms such as earthworms, chironomid larvae, water fleas and weeds in the fields. By feeding a small amount of feed, good economic benefits can be achieved. Because loaches are strong in vitality, they can burrow into wet mud and use their intestines and skin to breathe to maintain their lives even when the rice fields are drained and dried. Therefore, loaches are one of the ideal objects for rice field farming. The construction of rice fields is the same as raising other fish. One or more fish ponds are dug in the fields, with an area of ​​2-3 square meters and a depth of about 50 centimeters. The fish ponds are connected to the fish ditches, and the fish ditches are opened in the shape of a "field" or "well". Fish interception facilities should be set up at the inlets and outlets to prevent escape. 15,000 to 20,000 loach seedlings about 3 cm long are released per mu of rice field. Be careful not to use lime and pesticides, feed and fertilize appropriately, and catch them after the rice harvest in autumn, or continue to raise them after flooding. They can be caught and put on the market when the fields are plowed in the spring of the following year. Generally, 30-50 kilograms of loaches can be harvested from every acre of rice field.

In addition, a certain number of loaches can be raised in the water surface where lotus roots, lotus, wild rice stems and other aquatic plants are planted. Generally, about 1,000 loaches are raised per mu. As long as the breeding and management are proper, the income from the water surface can be increased.

(3) Family loach farming. This means using pits and reservoirs in front of and behind houses or in vegetable gardens to raise loaches. Generally, 4,000 to 5,000 young fish 3 to 4 cm long can be released per mu. They can also be mixed with yellow mullet and carp. Pay attention to feeding and fertilizing at ordinary times, such as leftovers, livestock and poultry manure, vegetable leaves, etc. Feeds should be plant-based and animal-based. At the same time, control the water quality. When loaches are found to jump out of the water to "swallow air", it indicates that there is a lack of oxygen in the water body. Fertilization should be stopped and new water should be replaced. When loaches grow to 15 to 20 cm, they can be caught and put on the market. After 8 to 10 months of breeding, the yield per mu can reach more than 100 kg.

Feed at fixed time, fixed place, fixed quality and fixed quantity. The feeding amount depends on water quality, weather and feeding conditions. When the water temperature is suitable, feed once in the morning, noon and evening every day. When the water temperature is low, feed once in the morning and afternoon every day. The feeding amount as a percentage of the body weight of loaches in the pond: in March, 1% to 2%; in April to June, 3% to 5%; in July to August, 10% to 15%; in September, 4%. The feeding ratio of plant feed and animal feed under different water temperature conditions: when the water temperature is lower than 10℃ or higher than 30℃, feed less or no feed; when the water temperature is 11-20℃, plant feed accounts for 60% to 70%, and animal feed accounts for 30% to 40%; when the water temperature is 21-23℃, plant feed and animal feed each account for 50%; when the water temperature is 24-29℃, plant feed accounts for 30% to 40%, and animal feed accounts for 60% to 70%.