CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Does anyone breed eels?

Three ways of breeding

The breeding of eels in my country has gone through about 20 years of exploration and development. During this period, many methods have been adopted, such as cement pool breeding, pond breeding, rice field breeding, and cage breeding. Cement pool breeding of eels is divided into cement pool soil breeding and cement pool soilless breeding, and cement pool soilless breeding is divided into flowing water soilless breeding and static water soilless breeding. In cage breeding, there are actually three methods: floating cage breeding, fixed cage breeding, and soil cage breeding (commonly known as "earth pond"). It has been proved by many eel farmers that the better breeding methods are cement pool static water soilless breeding and cage breeding.

1. Cage culture

Cage culture has the advantages of small investment, convenient eel farming in fish ponds, large or small scale, relatively simple operation and management, easy control of water temperature, and high survival rate. This method can be selected in lakes, reservoirs, ponds and other places with sufficient water and stable water level. The material used to make the cage is generally polyethylene mesh. The cage is generally made into a rectangular or square shape, and the bottom area is preferably not more than 20 square meters. The depth of the box is 1.2-1.5 meters (the general water depth is 50 cm, and the 70-100 cm above the water surface is the escape prevention part). Cut the mesh according to the size of the cage, use high-quality nylon thread, and sew it with a sole machine or sewing machine. Roll up the upper edge of the cage and sew in a nylon rope as thick as a little finger and leave the rope head for easy binding to a wooden stake or bracket. If the pond water level is not deep, piles can be driven to place fixed cages, and floating cages can be placed in ponds with deeper water levels. The total area of ​​cages in still water ponds shall not exceed 30% of the total pond area, while the area of ​​cages in ponds with flowing water may reach 50% of the total pond area.

2. Ecological small pond intensive breeding

Small ponds and dense breeding have the advantages of accurate and small amount of medication for disease prevention, convenient observation and management, complete escape prevention, small water consumption, and easy breeding. This method is suitable for eel production areas across the country. The general eel pond area is 10-30 square meters, the construction specifications are 2.5 meters × 4 meters, 3 meters × 5 meters or 3 meters × 10 meters, and the depth is 50-70 centimeters. The inner corner is built in an arc shape, and the edge of the pool is built with probe bricks so that the bricks on the top of the pool and the pool wall are in a "T" shape. The entire breeding pond is built on the ground. First, a row of flat bricks are laid on the flat ground around the pool, and then the pool wall is built on it. The pool wall can be built with vertical bricks (the wall is 6 cm thick), and then another flat brick is placed on the top of the pool, so that the entire pool wall and the foot of the wall and the "probe brick" on the top are in the shape of an "I". The bottom of the pool is made of cement river sand and gravel mixed evenly, and the entire pool bottom is slightly tilted toward the outlet to facilitate drainage. Cut a section of PVC plastic pipe with a length of 5-10 cm longer than the thickness of the pool wall and a diameter of 5 cm, install an elbow of the same specification on both ends, and install it at the drainage hole of the breeding pool, so that one elbow is inside the pool and the other elbow is outside the pool, and the elbow mouth is level with or slightly lower than the bottom of the pool. If the pool water depth is controlled at 30 cm, just insert a section of water pipe about 30 cm long on the elbow outside the pool. When the pool water depth exceeds 30 cm, the pool water will automatically overflow from the water pipe. If you want to drain the pool water, just unplug the inserted water pipe. If the breeding pool is large, we can set up an extra drain pipe.

3. Earthen pond farming

Using earthen ponds to culture eels, it only takes about 2,000 yuan to transform 1 mu (667 square meters) of rice fields. With the construction of several observation ponds, the total investment is only about 3,000 yuan, which is lower than the cost of cages. The earthen pond eel farming uses mud ridges instead of the "springboard" of the cages, and the water depth in the earthen pond is about 50 cm, which is very convenient for management. There are many rice fields in my country. Directly using rice fields to culture eels is very problematic in terms of daily management, observation, and fishing, and it is also impossible to generate production. Converting rice fields into earthen ponds facilitates intensive management and is easy to generate higher production. According to relevant statistics, the yield of eels per mu in traditional rice fields is only 100-200 kilograms. After converting them into earthen ponds, the yield per mu can reach about 2,000 kilograms. For farmers who have no other sites or little initial funds, this is undoubtedly the first choice for farming. When building earthen ponds, choose rice fields that can be irrigated to a depth of more than 40 cm. Bury polyethylene mesh 20-30 cm under the soil around the ponds, and fix the rest of the mesh with stakes to prevent escape. The middle of the rice field is also divided into earthen ponds of 50-100 square meters with mesh. Bamboo frames can be placed in the ponds and water plants can be laid. Farmers should choose the method of raising eels according to their own conditions and local conditions. For the specific construction methods of various eel ponds, refer to "New Technology for Ecological Small Ponds for Intensive Raising of Eels".

In addition, raising loaches in eel ponds is also a good choice. The key to high yield of eel and loach seedlings lies in the selection of seedlings. Be sure to use artificially bred and domesticated dark yellow large spotted eels or golden small spotted eels. Do not use variegated eel seedlings or eel seedlings that have not been domesticated. The size of eel seedlings should be 50-80 per kilogram. The stocking density is generally 1 kg to 1.5 kg of eel seedlings per square meter. Loach seedlings are best cultivated artificially because the survival rate of artificial cultivation is high.

Main points of eel breeding:

1. Choose a pond with good water quality, no pollution source, and little external interference. Use bamboo to build a support in the pond and fix the four corners of the net cage on the support. Set up a feeding table in each net cage. Because yellow eels have the habit of cannibalizing each other, the stocking specifications are basically the same, generally 20 to 50 grams per tail.

2. The stocking time of eels should be chosen in April, May, or August to September to avoid the sexual maturity and reproduction period of eels from mid-May to July. The most suitable temperature for the growth of eels is 24 to 28 degrees Celsius.

3. Feeding should be done at regular times. Eels hide during the day and come out at night. It is best to feed them between 6 and 8 p.m. The feed should be fresh and must not be spoiled by mold. The feed should be washed before feeding, and then soaked in 3 to 5 grams of salt per cubic meter of water for 10-20 minutes, and then rinsed with clean water before feeding. Generally, small freshwater fish are selected, and the daily amount of feed is 3%-5% of the total weight of the eels in the cage.

4. When feeding artificially, the eels are fed a large amount of feed, and the feces discharged by the eels are easy to pollute the water quality, so new water should be added frequently to keep the water fresh. Change the water every 7 to 10 days in spring and every 3 to 5 days in summer.

The cages must also be disinfected regularly, using 10 grams of bleach per cubic meter of water and spraying it throughout the pond.

After stocking, a proper amount of loach can be stocked in the cages, taking advantage of the loach's habit of swimming up and down to play a role in diversion and oxygenation, and also to eliminate the residual bait of the eel. A certain amount of silver carp can be stocked in the pond to regulate the water quality.

Clean the cages in time, remove excess debris and attached algae, and keep the water exchange inside and outside the cages unobstructed. Plant water plants, preferably water hyacinth and water peanuts in the cages to provide a good place for the eels to grow and live. When transplanting water peanuts, it is best to remove the roots, wash them, and soak them in 5% salt water for about 10 minutes to prevent leeches and other harmful organisms from being brought into the cage with the grass.

5. Before the eel seedlings are put into the box, they must be strictly disinfected, especially from July to September when the eels are prone to disease. Every 20 days, 1ppm bleaching powder should be sprayed throughout the box, and sick eels should be isolated in time. If a disease is found, the right medicine should be prescribed in time to minimize the loss.

In December every year, when the water temperature drops below 12 degrees, the eels' feeding and growth basically stop. At this time, the eels in the cages are collected and put on the market.

There should be

have

none