CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to breed snakehead fish?

1. Selection of broodstock pond

The size of the snakehead broodstock pond should be determined according to the amount of breeding each time. For example, if 50 to 70 pairs can be bred at a time, basically one pair can be stocked per 10 square meters, so a pond of 0.6 to 1 mu should be selected; if only 30 to 40 pairs can be bred at a time, a pond of 0.3 to 0.6 mu should be selected. This is because the catch rate of snakehead fishing with a dragnet is low.

2. Preparation before stocking

Before stocking, the fish pond should be cleaned and disinfected. Generally, the pond should be dried for disinfection. If the silt is too thick, the excess silt should be removed, leaving a depth of about 20 cm. Use 50-75 kg of quicklime per mu to clean the pond. After 10 days of water filling, the broodstock can be stocked. A small amount of aquatic plants such as water peanuts and water hyacinths can be cultivated in the pond for the black carp to hide and live.

3. Key points for stocking broodstock

The key to stocking broodstock is density, time and sex ratio. The density is generally 100-150 kg per mu, and no more than 200 kg. It should be determined according to the size of the broodstock, generally 150-250. The density should not be too high or too low. Too high will affect the activity space of the broodstock, and too low will make it difficult to domesticate, especially wild broodstock, which will affect the gonadal development of the broodstock. The time is scheduled in September.

4. Requirements of snakehead for spawning grounds

Snakeheads have two requirements for spawning grounds: first, in places with lush aquatic plants near the lake, ponds, ditches, etc., with silt as the bottom; second, in shallow water areas near water and sheltered from the wind. Snakeheads have the habit of nesting and need aquatic plants, so the presence or absence of aquatic plants and the depth of the water in the spawning ground have a great impact on spawning. It is reported that snakeheads spawn earlier in reed silk, and spawning in Hydrilla verticillata is the second earliest.

Additional information:

The life habits of black fish:

The black snakehead is a freshwater benthic fish that usually lives in waters with dense aquatic plants or silt bottoms. It is found in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, paddy fields and other waters. It has a strong adaptability to environmental factors in the water, especially to dissolved oxygen, water temperature and water quality.

When there is a lack of oxygen in the water, it can breathe on the surface with the help of the auxiliary respiratory organs in the supragillary cavity. The black snakehead can survive in water temperatures of 0-41℃, and 16-30℃ is the most suitable temperature for the growth, development and reproduction of the black snakehead. When the water temperature returns to above 8℃ in spring, it usually moves in the middle and upper layers of the water.

Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia - Blackfish

[Habits] Snakehead carp is also called material desire. It has strong adaptability, low oxygen tolerance, is easy to breed, grows fast, has strong reproductive capacity, and has few diseases. The survival water temperature of snakehead carp is 0-38℃, and the optimal water temperature is 16-30℃. When the water temperature rises above 8℃ in spring, snakehead carp often moves in the middle and upper layers of the water body; when the water temperature drops below 6℃ in autumn, it swims slowly and often lurks in the deep water; when the water temperature is too low in winter, it hibernates at the bottom of the water.

【Specialized breeding】

Fish pond selection

It requires ventilation, sunshine, sufficient water source, an area of ​​1 to 5 acres, a water depth of 1 to 1.5 meters, and some water lilies or water peanuts planted around it, and a net used to fence off the lower area. This can prevent the mullet from escaping, and provide concealment and shade, creating a good ecological environment, which is conducive to the growth of mullet.

Fish species

Before putting them into the pond, they must be screened. Fish species with basically the same size should be bathed in 3% to 5% salt water for 5 to 10 minutes, and then put into the same fish pond. The stocking density depends on the water source, drainage conditions, and the source of bait fish. Under normal circumstances, 6,000 to 10,000 fish species of 3 cm to 5 cm in length are stocked in 667 square meters; 4,000 to 6,000 fish species of 10 cm to 15 cm in length are stocked; and about 2,000 fish species of about 20 cm are stocked. If the water source and drainage conditions are good and the source of bait fish is sufficient, the stocking density can be appropriately increased.

Bait

Fresh small fish and shrimp are the main bait. Because wild or some artificially bred fish species eat live bait, the fish should be stopped from being fed for one or two days after being put into the pond. Then, an appropriate amount of dead bait should be fed around the pond every morning for domestication, and then gradually moved to one place in the pond for feeding. After the fish are accustomed to eating dead bait, they should be fed once a day at 9 am and 4 pm. The daily feeding amount is 5% to 10% of the fish's body weight, and it should be flexibly controlled according to the weather, water temperature, growth, feeding and other conditions.

Fishing

Catch the big ones and leave the small ones, and put them on the market at the right time. Because mullet is a ferocious carnivorous fish, it will kill each other when there is insufficient bait. Therefore, it is necessary to catch the big ones and leave the small ones once every month or so. If the size difference is large and the number is large, it can be divided into other fish ponds or cages of the same size. When the market price is good, the adult fish that have reached the commercial size can be put on the market for sale. In this way, it can be sold at a good price and is conducive to the growth of small-sized fish.

Fish disease prevention

Disinfect the fish once a month after they are put into the pond, and then disinfect them every half a month. Disinfectants include: dibromodimethoate, chlorine dioxide, quicklime, bleaching powder, etc. The dosage depends on the water quality and the instructions for use of the medicine. Regularly adding vitamins, allicin, Sanhuang powder, etc. to the bait will help enhance the physique and disease resistance of black fish. Pay more attention to observation during the breeding period, and take effective prevention and control measures in time when an epidemic is found.

Artificial breeding

Breeding with induced spawning and hatching equipment. The facilities are the equipment used for breeding of the four major carps. The spawning pond is circular, with a diameter of 8m and a depth of 1.5m. The fry hatching equipment is a water-throwing hatching tank, each tank holds about 500kg of water, and the filter cover is 60 mesh; the fish nests are palm flakes and clam shells. The broodstock are purchased from natural catches in rivers and lakes near the farm. From March 1 to 10, 61kg of broodstock are purchased and transported back. They are over 2 winters old, with a specification of about 80g/tail, normal body shape, and no disease or injury. The purchased broodstock are placed in a pond for cultivation. When the water temperature is above 15℃, a small amount of small fish, shrimp, snail meat, bean cakes, etc. are fed, and the pond is frequently inspected and observed, and new water is added appropriately.

Fish fry cultivation

3 days after the fry hatch, when the waist point appears and the fry can swim freely, they can be taken out of the tank and counted, and put into a clean pond with basal fertilizer applied, the water depth of the pond is 70cm; the early starter feed for the fry is rotifers, small cladocerans and copepod larvae (mainly cultivated by basal fertilizer), supplemented by egg yolk, fish paste, soy milk, etc., feeding 3-4 times a day, and regularly measuring the survival rate and growth rate.

References:

The technical points for keeping fish in ponds are provided for your reference.

1. Preparation before breeding Before stocking the seedlings, drain the fish pond first, use 200-300 catties of quicklime per mu, dissolve it with water, and sprinkle it all over the pond, including the pond bottom and slope, and then expose it to the sun for about a week. Before filling the pond with water, use a 20-mesh silk screen to separate a small water body of about 500 square meters in the fish pond, then fill it with water to a depth of 30 cm, and sprinkle 30 catties of tea bran per mu on the whole pond to kill wild fish and cultivate the water quality of the fish pond. Add water to a depth of 1 meter the next day, start the aerator for 2-3 hours every morning, and test the water and stock the seedlings after a week.

2. One week after stocking the fry into the poison pond, put in a few raw fish fry or bighead carp fry to test the water. After the test water is OK, you can stock the fry. The stocking quantity is 6,000-8,000 fry/mu of Hunan raw fish and Hong Kong raw fish with a size of 2-3 cm, and 10,000 fry/mu of hybrid raw fish. When the fry size is small, the stocking quantity can be appropriately increased, otherwise it can be appropriately reduced. Farmers with multiple fish ponds should increase the stocking density in some fish ponds and stock other fish ponds moderately. When the commercial fish in other fish ponds are on the market, some fish species will be separated from the high-density fish ponds for breeding, which can increase the breeding output and economic benefits. When stocking fish ponds, the seedlings should be stocked in small water bodies for intensive cultivation. When the individual reaches more than 10 cm, the silk screen should be removed and the fish should be cultured in large water bodies. This can improve the survival rate of the seedlings and accelerate their growth.

3. Fry domestication The color of freshly opened raw fry is black, called "black sesame". The individual is small, only about 0.6 cm, and feeds on zooplankton. After a week, as it grows, its body length increases and its color changes from black to red, which is called

"Red meat", after feeding zooplankton for a period of time during the "red meat" period, you can tame them to eat fish paste. The method is to add a small amount of fish paste to the zooplankton, mix it and feed it. Feed it several times a day, gradually reduce the amount of zooplankton, increase the amount of fish paste, and transition to pure fish paste feeding in about a week. When the fry grows to more than 10 cm, you can feed chopped fish particles. If you want to tame the fry to eat granular feed, you need to tame it after tame it to eat fish paste normally. The taming method is the same as above. During the period of feeding zooplankton and taming it to eat fish paste, the raw fry must have sufficient bait and be fed multiple times, not less than 6 times a day, otherwise the phenomenon of residual food of all sizes will be serious, reducing the survival rate of seedling cultivation.

4. Daily management of high-density fish farming should be equipped with an aerator. You must patrol the pond several times a day to observe the feeding and activity of the fish and the changes in the water quality of the pond. If the water quality changes, take timely measures to adjust the water quality with microbial preparations and bottom improvers. You can also change a small amount of water, but never a large amount of water, which can easily cause a sudden change in the pond environment and lead to a large number of deaths.

5. Disease control The main diseases of raw fish farming are as follows: (1) Parasitic diseases: During the fry period, the water temperature is around 22-28℃, which is more suitable for the growth of parasites. In addition, the frozen fish paste fed is dissolved in the pond water, which accelerates the reproduction of parasites. During the seedling period, raw fish are particularly seriously infected with trichodinasis and tricholoma, which may cause seedling failure. Therefore, during the seedling period, insecticide and copper sulfate should be sprayed every 10 to 15 days to control the massive reproduction of parasites. (2) Bacterial diseases: During the fingerling stage, the water temperature is already high, the raw fish are large, and the food intake is also large. A large amount of leftover bait and feces accumulates at the bottom of the pond. These leftover bait and feces cannot be fully decomposed, causing the harmful pathogenic bacteria to reproduce in large numbers, which can cause raw fish to rot gills, bleed or die of unknown causes. In addition, during high temperatures, frozen fish are prone to deterioration, or the quality of the purchased frozen fish is very poor, which causes enteritis and mass death after ingestion. Therefore, during the breeding process, we must pay attention to regulating the water quality and add multiple vitamins, liver-protecting, liver-protecting and anti-stress drugs to the fresh-frozen fish fed every 10 days or so to improve the disease resistance of raw fish.

References:

Conditions of breeding ponds. For breeding snakehead, the area of ​​the fish pond should not be too large, 1 to 2 mu is the best. The water depth should be 1.5 to 2 meters, the bottom mud should be shallow, and the inlet and outlet should be equipped with escape prevention nets. Disinfect the fish pond with quicklime before stocking. At the same time, plant 80 to 100 cm wide water lilies around the pond. This can prevent the snakehead from jumping out of the pond and provide shade.

Stocking fish. Although the price of fish bought at the market is relatively low, the sizes are different, and the fish bodies are injured due to catching and other reasons, so they must be disinfected before being put into the pond. The fish bodies can be soaked in 2.5% to 3% salt water or 0.001% bleach solution for 15 to 20 minutes.

The stocking density of fish should be determined according to conditions such as feed and water quality. Generally, 1,000 to 1,500 fish of about 10 cm in length are stocked per mu, and 200 to 300 large-sized silver carp can be raised. Dozens of mature tilapia can also be stocked, and the hatched fry can be used for black carp food.

Feeding bait. Snakehead fish bait includes animal viscera and various small fish and shrimp. Some farmers use chicken intestines for feeding, which has also achieved good results. If you raise mealworms, fly maggots or earthworms yourself, you can not only solve the bait problem, but also greatly reduce the breeding cost. Snakehead fish can also be fed with artificial compound bait, the formula of which is: 70% minced fish and shrimp paste, 20% soybean powder, 5% yeast powder, and the rest is multivitamin mineral salts, growth promoters and antibiotics. Feed twice a day, the amount of feed is 5% to 7% of the fish body weight, and it is difficult for most fish to eat enough. When using artificial compound bait, feeding training must be carried out from an early age. In the early stage, earthworms or fish and shrimp paste can be placed on the feeding table, and the feeding table can be hung 20 cm below the water surface to lure the fry to eat. After the fry are accustomed to eating on the feeding table, gradually increase the compound bait. Do not feed live bait in the middle of feeding training to avoid affecting the training effect.

Strengthen daily management. Inspect the fish pond in the morning and evening to check the growth of the fish, clean up the leftover bait in time, and disinfect the feeding table regularly. You can use 0.001‰ bleaching powder to sprinkle it. Use 15 kg of raw ash per mu every half month, and sprinkle it all over the pond. Also, regularly flush with new water to keep the pond water fresh.

There are many advantages to breeding snakehead carp: snakehead carp has strong adaptability to the environment and low requirements for pond water quality, so it can be cultured at a high density, with high yield and high benefits; snakehead carp grows fast, and the fry bred in early spring can be grown into commercial fish in the same year; snakehead carp has few diseases and a high survival rate; and adult fish are easy to transport, making them convenient for long-distance sales.

There are two methods to hatch fish eggs: one is to artificially simulate the natural environment, inject oxytocin into the snakehead fish, and then put the male and female fish into the pond in a 1:1 ratio to allow them to lay eggs, fertilize, and hatch naturally; the other is artificial cage hatching.

There are two ways to raise adult snakehead fish: intensive farming and mixed pond farming. The program will introduce these in detail. In addition, the film will also introduce the reproduction of snakehead fish, the care and feeding methods of fry.