CATDOLL : CATDOLL: How to prevent and control cup body disease in fish?

1. How to prevent and control chrysalis disease in fish?

This is caused by fish injury or poor water quality. The prevention and control method is to soak the fish in furazolidone solution. You can also put antibiotics such as penicillin and streptomycin in the fish tank. The dosage is 500,000 to 800,000 international units per 50 kg of water. Fish live in water and absorb dissolved oxygen in the water through their gills. The large number of pathogens in the water can easily infect the gills, so the incidence of gill disease is very high. There are many types of fish gill diseases. In order to accurately diagnose and use drugs reasonably, gill diseases can be divided into the following six types: Bacterial gill disease symptoms: The gill filaments of diseased fish have increased mucus, turn black, and are covered with dirt. Severe gill filaments rot and expose bone strips. Pathogen: Poor water quality stimulates the gill tissue, causing the fish to be infected by myxococci, columnar bacteria or other bacteria. Prevention and control methods: (1) Adjust the water quality and eliminate pathogens. First, add new water frequently; second, use Super Bacteria Cleaner A to treat old water to kill pathogens; third, use an aerator to stir the water to increase the exchange of water between the upper and lower layers. (2) Use 0.2-0.4ppm furazolidone to spray the whole pond for treatment, which has significant effects. It can also be prevented and controlled by spraying bleaching powder or other oxygen-containing preparations throughout the pond. (3) Feed bactericidal bait or mix three yellow powder with antibiotics and feed. Symptoms of fungal gill disease: black gill filaments and mycelium. It occurs in ponds with aged water quality during high temperature seasons. Pathogen: gill fungus. Prevention and control methods: Use quicklime to thoroughly clean the pond, and the diseased fish must be destroyed. Malachite green or chlorine dioxide has a certain inhibitory effect on this fungus. The fish pond where the disease occurs needs a large amount of water replacement to improve the water quality. Symptoms of parasitic gill disease: After the early spring, the overwintering fish are weak and the water quality is dirty, which often causes the disease in fish species. Spring fish species often swim in groups at the edge of the pond or downwind. Microscopic examination shows that they are mostly parasitic, such as oblique tube worms and cup body worms. When the disease occurs in the fry pond in summer, the common diseased fish usually float to the surface in groups on sunny days, as if they are lacking oxygen. When they are tamed, they do not go to the feeding table or disperse and continue to float on the water surface after eating for a while. Their appetite is obviously reduced and their growth is slow. When the gill covers of the diseased fish are opened, tissue hyperplasia and increased mucus can be seen. Pathogen: caused by large-scale parasitism of protozoa such as trichodina, trichuriasis gillata, and sphenobarbus. Treatment: (1) Soak the fish in a comprehensive soaking agent when entering the wintering pond in autumn or dividing the pond in spring. (2) Spray the whole pond with copper sulfate plus potassium permanganate 0.5ppm. (3) Spray the whole pond with copper sulfate plus ferrous sulfate 0.7ppm. Symptoms of trematode gill disease: The diseased fish are restless and often jump out of the water, or "explode" during feeding, and the gill filaments are swollen and adhered. Pathogen: caused by large-scale parasitism of monogenetic trematodes such as Dactylopsis, Trichodina, and Sinophylla, often complicated by bacterial gill rot. Treatment: (1) Spray 0.5-1ppm of trichlorfon throughout the pond. (2) Spray 0.3-0.4ppm of super bacteria net type a throughout the pond. You can also spray bleaching powder, chlormethin, chlorine dioxide and other fungicides throughout the pond to prevent secondary bacterial infection. (3) Inject some new water every other day after medication to help the fish recover their appetite. Hemorrhagic gill disease (vascular aneurysm) Due to poor water quality, the proliferation of blue catfish, excessive ammonia content in the water, chemical pollution, and stimulation from pesticides and other pesticides, the gill microvessels produce organic lesions and form aneurysms, which can be identified under a microscope. Prevention and control methods: (1) Change a large amount of water or apply water quality improvers to adjust the water quality. (2) Spray 0.2-0.3ppm of furazolidone throughout the pond to prevent secondary bacterial infection. Symptoms of nutritional gill disease: gill filaments are bent, gill lamellae are bent, atrophied, and arranged irregularly. Cause: Due to the lack of pantothenic acid or other nutritional imbalances in the feed, the fish's immune ability is reduced, which is prone to bacterial infection and parasite invasion. Treatment: Rationally formulate feed to balance amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, calcium scales, vitamins and trace elements and multiple nutritional indicators. Due to the slightest carelessness when catching and transporting ornamental fish, the fish's skin is injured, or the skin is damaged by parasites. The spores of the mold invade the wound, absorb nutrients, and germinate rapidly. One end of the hyphae goes deep into the muscle, and the other end grows outward to form cotton-like hyphae. When the mold first parasitizes, it is not easy to find it with the naked eye; when the naked eye can see it, the hyphae has invaded the fish's wound and grown from the outside to the inside. The hyphae and the cell tissue of the wound are entangled and adhered, causing tissue necrosis. As the cotton-like hyphae increase day by day, the fish body is overloaded, causing abnormal swimming, loss of appetite, and gradual thinning, leading to death. When infected with mold, it is also affected by the length of light exposure. Long periods of continuous rain or insufficient indoor lighting, sunlight, and other light sources can promote the growth of mold. The skin of fish infected with mold is usually covered with a layer of white film, especially in black and red fish, which makes the fish lose its luster. Then the fish become sluggish and often appear sluggish, floating on the water surface. If not treated in time, the mold spreads on the fish, the muscles of the affected area rot, the appetite decreases, and eventually leads to death. [Treatment Method] Skin mold disease can occur all year round, but is most common in early spring and late winter. In order to prevent the occurrence of Saprolegniasis, care should be taken to avoid damaging the fish and parasite bites during operation, and a small amount of salt can be added to the water to inhibit the occurrence of Saprolegniasis. When the fish is found to be infected with Saprolegniasis, it can be soaked in 3% salt water once a day for 5 to 10 minutes each time to inhibit the growth of mold. Raise the water temperature to 32 degrees to inhibit the growth of Saprolegniasis. It is best to install a 15-watt ultraviolet lamp on the top of the aquarium and irradiate it for several hours a day to effectively inhibit or eliminate the growth of water mold.

2. Sporozoan disease in fish?

First, we need to distinguish the type of disease and the type of fish we are raising. Sporozoa are a large class of pathogenic protozoa, and there are many types. There are many fish disease sporozoa, which can parasitize the mesentery, gills, brain, spinal cord, and internal organs. Iodine bubble worms are the main pathogenic organisms of carp. Generally, prevention and treatment are the main measures. It is too late to infect the fish. Prevention and control methods:

1. Thoroughly clean the pond with quicklime, etc. to inhibit the massive reproduction of spores and reduce the occurrence of this disease;

2. Before stocking the fish, add 500g of potassium permanganate to 1 cubic meter of water, stir to fully dissolve it, and make a solution with a concentration of 500mg/L. Soak the fish for 30 minutes, or add 500g of lime nitrogen to 1 cubic meter of water, stir to make a suspension, and soak the fish for 30 minutes. Treatment of myxosporean disease This disease is caused by myxosporeans parasitizing the skin, gills, intestines and nervous system of fish. The parts of the fish disease have cysts, which are grayish white dots and tumors. Common myxosporeans include pancake-shaped iodine spores, wild carp sulfonium spores, crucian carp iodine spores, silver carp iodine spores, etc. Symptoms: The sick fish are emaciated, the body color is black, they swim alone or restlessly and wildly, and they are extremely harmful to the fish from October to February of the following year. Treatment methods: 1. Sprinkle 1 jin of 90% crystal trichlorfon per mu of water in the whole pond, and sprinkle it again after 3 to 4 days. 2. For every 10,000 fish or 100 jin of fish, mix 75 grams of edible sulfur powder with feed and feed it for one week. 3. Add 10 grams of 90% crystal trichlorfon to each jin of feed to feed fish, which can cure intestinal parasitic myxosporeans. This method is also effective for ringworm disease. Compare the following information, and it is best to consult an expert for specific practices. Other classifications 1. Madness disease is also known as silver carp madness disease, crazy knife, and silver carp iodine bubble disease. It is caused by silver carp iodine bubble parasitism in various organs and tissues of silver carp, especially the nervous system and sensory organs, such as the brain, spinal cord, parasitic lymph fluid in the cranial cavity, nerves, olfactory system, balance, and auditory systems. Silver carp fry can be infected as soon as they emerge from the membrane. At present, in production, it mainly harms silver carp of full age. When the disease is serious, it can cause a large number of sick fish to die; the meat of sick fish is not fresh and has a strong fishy smell, and it is very thin, so the commercial value of the fish that have not died is also seriously affected. This disease occurs in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and ponds across the country, especially in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. When seriously infected, the sick fish are extremely emaciated, with a large head and a small tail, with an upturned tail. The weight is only about half of that of a healthy fish. The length of the head is 2.95 times the height of the tail stalk (2.2-2.3 times for healthy fish), and the body color is dull and lusterless. The sick fish swim alone in the water, often jumping out of the water and diving back into the water, repeating this many times and dying. When dying, the head often burrows into the mud. Some swim sideways and die due to loss of balance and feeding ability, so it is called crazy disease. When the fish body is cut open, white cysts of varying sizes visible to the naked eye can be seen at the place where the silver carp iodine vesicles parasitize; the liver and spleen are atrophied, there is ascites in the abdominal cavity, and the vagus lobe of the cerebellum is significantly congested; the sick fish are severely anemic. 2. Pancake iodine vesicle disease is a serious fish disease during the grass carp seedling breeding period. It is caused by the parasitism of the pancake-shaped iodine bubble worm, which mainly parasitizes the intestinal wall of grass carp, especially the lamina propria and submucosa of the foregut. It occurs in all fish farming areas across the country, with Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei and other places being the most serious. The mortality rate can be as high as over 90%. The fry are infected 12 days after being put into the pond, causing a large number of deaths. When the water temperature is 27-30℃, it takes 12-15 days for the worm to develop a generation in the body of grass carp. When the spores aged for 6-8 months are used to artificially infect grass carp fry, 100% of them will become ill. It mainly harms grass carp with a total length of less than 5 cm, and bighead carp, silver carp and black carp mixed in the same pond are not affected. The disease is prevalent from May to July, especially from May to June. Many small white cysts are formed at the parasitic sites of the pancake-shaped iodine bubble worm, and the cysts are surrounded by connective tissue membranes formed by the host. The body color of the sick fish is black; the fish is emaciated, with a slightly swollen abdomen, light red gills, anemia, no food in the intestines, thickened foregut, and degeneration and necrosis of the intestinal wall tissue; when a large number of pancake-shaped iodine bubble worms parasitize on the spine, the fish body may bend. According to reports from Sichuan Province, pancake-shaped iodine bubble worms parasitize in the muscles of carp fry, forming white cysts. The body surface of the sick fish is uneven, and the fish grows slowly. In severe cases, the disease causes a large number of deaths. 3. Wild carp iodine bubble worm disease Wild carp iodine bubble worms parasitize on the skin and gills of dace fry and summer carp, forming many gray-white tumor-like or dot-like cysts, especially on the body surface. In severe cases, it affects the breathing and swimming of the sick fish.

3. How to prevent and treat fish curvature?

Fish will struggle before they die, so most of the time their bodies are bent. If you want to know the cause of death, you need to look at other characteristics; another type of fish is that its body is already bent before it dies. The S-shaped body is a very difficult disease to cure. Long-bodied fish will bend, and short-bodied fish will somersault. The more species of fish you raise, the more experience you will have.

Fish farming needs attention:

1. General household tap water is fine, but tap water contains chlorine. We need to use a fish tank or other water basin to fill it with tap water and leave it for at least 24 hours to wait for the chlorine in our hands to evaporate. This is healthy;

2. Put the fish you bought into clean water and sprinkle a little fish sterilization salt to sterilize the water;

3. Pay attention to the feeding of fish. Fish are not afraid of hunger but they cannot stand fullness. If you keep feeding fish, they will keep eating until they are full to death. Normally, you only need to feed fish once every 2-3 days.

4. Don’t raise too many fish at one time. If your fish tank is small, raising too many fish will cause oxygen in the water. It would be best if you buy a small air pump for fish farming.

5. When you first buy fish, please note that you should not change the water or feed them for 2-3 days;

6. Change the water for fish once every 5-7 days, and feed them once every 3-4 days. Fish are not afraid of starvation, but they cannot stand being full.

7. It is best to use soda water to clean the fish tank. If you don’t have soda water, just use clean water or tap water. Never use soap or detergent to clean it.

8. If you find abnormalities on the fish's body or head, or white or yellow spots, it may be due to excessive bacteria in the water. You should sprinkle some bactericidal salt on the abnormal parts and change to clear water in time.

Welcome to follow the WeChat public account of "Huadian Shiqu"

4. How to kill cupworms?

Prevention methods: clean the pond thoroughly, dry the pond bottom, and kill parasite eggs; during the peak season of the disease, regularly use pesticides such as Telunmie to inhibit the reproduction of parasites; when planting fish fry into the pond, soak them in 8 mg/L copper sulfate or 2% salt solution for 20 minutes, or soak them in 10-15 mg/L potassium permanganate for 15-30 minutes.

Treatment method: spray the whole pond with special wheel mite, and use chlorine dioxide or povidone-iodine solution for disinfection the next day; spray the whole pond with copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate mixture, and use chlorine dioxide or povidone-iodine solution for disinfection the next day; use 20 kg of fresh oak leaves per acre to make water, and change them once a week.

5. Can we eat fish that have spore diseases?

Can

People with rhinosporidiosis can eat fish. There are no special dietary restrictions. You can eat any food that helps improve immunity. There is no problem.

Fish spore diasis (same as myxospore diasis, the same below) is a fish disease with a very high incidence in recent years, causing great economic losses to aquaculture production.

There are many species of myxosporeans that harm fish. The worms are relatively small and produce spores during their development. Moreover, myxosporeans parasitize a wide range of organisms, infecting almost every type of fish and various organs. Even several types of myxosporeans may parasitize the same organ of the same fish.

Myxosporeans often cause serious epidemics in fish. In North America, Europe and Japan, there is a salmon and trout spinning disease, which is caused by myxosporeans and causes a large number of salmon and trout deaths. In various fish farming areas in China, there is also a silver carp madness disease similar to salmon and trout spinning disease (the sick fish are thin, their tails are upturned, they spin up and down, and soon die).

6. What are the symptoms of Ichthyophthirius coli in fish?

Fish with Ichthyophthirius will have small white spots on their bodies in the early stage, and the white spots will be connected in the later stage. Fish with this disease will often be listless and have poor appetite. Public platform: Qiu Shui Yu Yue Ornamental fish medication (generally speaking, the method of increasing temperature and adding salt can be used, or ornamental fish can use mercuric nitrate, and there are also finished drugs on the market: White Spot Clear). The number of white spots may increase the day after the first medication. This is the precipitation of Ichthyophthirius in the fish's body. After the second day, if the Ichthyophthirius gradually falls off the fish's body, the white spots on the fish's body can be seen to gradually decrease with the naked eye, which means that the medication has taken effect and the situation has improved.

7. How to prevent and control Ichthyophthirius disease in fish in fish farming common sense?

Ichthyophthirius is commonly known as white spot disease. The treatment is to change one-third of the water and heat it to 31 degrees to kill the insects and eggs. No need to disinfect again. The cause of this disease is a large deviation in water temperature when changing water, or a sudden drop in water temperature.

8. What can be used to kill cup body worms in shrimps?

Killing method: Mainly to adjust water quality and eliminate pathogens. First, add new water frequently; second, use super bacteria cleaner type A to treat old water to kill pathogens; third, use an aerator to stir water to increase the exchange of water between the upper and lower layers.

9. What are the symptoms of fish suffering from tricholoma?

The pathogen is carp sphaeroides, which parasitizes on the gills or skin of farmed animals. When they are parasitic in large numbers, they can cause increased mucus, and sick fish will have difficulty breathing and slow swimming.

This disease often occurs concurrently with other parasitic diseases of the gills. It is generally prevalent in spring and autumn, with the most suitable breeding temperature being 12-18°C. When the fish are in poor health, the disease may also break out at temperatures above 20°C.

It mainly harms carp, mandarin fish and other fish fry and fingerlings, and is a common fish disease in the fry and seed breeding stage.

Clinical symptoms: The body color of the dead individual is slightly darker, the mouth is open and cannot be closed, the body surface is intact and not congested, the gill filaments are lighter in color, and there is increased mucus on the skin and gills.

When the tail fin and gill filaments were cut off and examined under a microscope, a large number of active oval worms were found, with more than 100 in one field of view. The strong mechanical movement of the worms caused increased mucus secretion and swelling of the gill filaments, leading to breathing difficulties and the death of a large number of fry. Preventive measures ① Thoroughly clean the pond, dry the pond bottom, and kill the parasite eggs;

②During the peak season of disease, use insecticides such as Yuanchongjing regularly to inhibit the reproduction of insects;

③ When the fry are placed in the pond, soak them in 8 mg/L copper sulfate or 2% salt solution for 20 minutes, or soak them in 10-15 mg/L potassium permanganate for 15-30 minutes. Treatment measures ① Spray Xinyang insecticide and copper sulfate mixture 1-2 times in the whole pond, with the dosage of 200 g/mu and 300 g/mu respectively;

②Spray the whole pool with Xieguanlisha or Yuanzojing, and disinfect with chlorine dioxide or povidone-iodine solution the next day;

③ Spray the entire pool with a mixture of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate, and disinfect with chlorine dioxide or povidone-iodine solution the next day.

10. What kind of fish does the word "虫" (insect) represent?

The characters with the character "鱼" (fish) and "虫" (insect) (insect) radicals originally refer to fish and insects, such as catfish, salmon, whale, mandarin fish, grass carp, carp, silver carp, porgy, crocodile, eel, ray, perch, Spanish mackerel, while insects with the character "虫" (insect) radical include butterflies, dragonflies, snails, ants, grasshoppers, leeches, bats, mole crickets, crickets, silkworm pupae, katydids, centipedes, earthworms, cockroaches, roundworms, etc.