CATDOLL : CATDOLL: Crucian carp is the fish species that anglers come into contact with most frequently. What are the common types of crucian carp?

Crucian carp is the fish species that anglers come into contact with most frequently. What are the common types of crucian carp?

Crucian carp is the fish that anglers come into contact with most frequently. It can be said that, except for anglers in coastal areas, almost 90% of anglers have caught crucian carp. The three entry-level fish for freshwater anglers are crucian carp, whitebait and horsehair. Crucian carp ranks second, and whitebait and horsehair are absolutely not dared to be fished. So, what are the common types of crucian carp?

【1】Native Crucian Carp

Native crucian carp, to put it simply, is the local crucian carp. Strictly speaking, the non-purebred natural native crucian carp in China is also known as "crucian carp", and the noun does not contain fish. Except for Tibet and Qinghai Province, there is no such native crucian carp, which can be found in all natural waters.

The biggest characteristic of the native crucian carp is that it is small, with a general body length of 4 to 10 cm and a maximum of 25 cm. Its growth cycle is extremely slow, with a big head and a narrow body. Due to its physiological cycle, the current record in China is that the largest native crucian carp weighs 1.25 kg. It was introduced to Australia in 2004 to control the infestation of aquatic plants. Only three years later, anglers caught a 5 kg native crucian carp.

Native crucian carp is a native fish of my country. There are documented records that it was first domesticated 1,100 years ago. However, due to its slow growth cycle and almost no great economic benefits, it is rarely raised by humans. There must be a large number of native crucian carp surviving in the wild, but non-purebred native crucian carp are becoming increasingly rare. Since the first year of the Christian era, there is almost no information about native crucian carp larger than 1 jin. In addition, the use of electric fishing has become rampant, and small native crucian carp have been killed before they mature. Therefore, there is a view in the circle that it is easy to get braised crucian carp, but hard to find native crucian carp.

【2】Silver Carp

Silver crucian carp is a variation of native crucian carp. Its appearance is very similar to that of native crucian carp when it is young, but after entering adulthood, its body is wider and taller than that of native crucian carp. The body color of the fish is silvery-white with a slight yellowish color, and most importantly, it is much larger than native crucian carp. The maximum weight of silver crucian carp can reach 6 jin, which is much heavier than most engineering crucian carp.

However, the silver crucian carp has relatively unique requirements for the temperature of the ambient water and prefers to live in shallow and cold waters. Therefore, the silver crucian carp is mainly found in the Altay area of ​​Xinjiang and the Liaohe River Basin of Heilongjiang Province. It is very rare in other waters of my country. Among them, the silver crucian carp in Fangzheng County, Heilongjiang Province and the Altay red crucian carp are more famous.

【Three】Pengze crucian carp

Pengze crucian carp is a local crucian carp that mainly grows in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is a specialty fish of Pengze County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province. The biggest difference between it and ordinary crucian carp and other crucian carps is the color. Because Pengze crucian carp has lived in aquatic reed marshes for a long time, the scales of Pengze crucian carp are dark green. The natural Pengze crucian carp will have 5 to 7 black-gray reed leaf-like patterns on the outside, so the natural Pengze crucian carp is also called reed flower crucian carp, but after artificial breeding, this kind of pattern will disappear. Therefore, this is also the obvious difference between artificially cultivated Pengze crucian carp and natural Pengze crucian carp.

The weight of Pengze crucian carp, whether wild or bred, is significantly larger than other types of crucian carp. The largest record known so far is 6.5KG, or 13 jin. It is normal for the weight of Pengyang crucian carp to be between 1 and 3 jin, so Pengze crucian carp is also called Pengze big crucian carp.

【Four】Dianchi high-back crucian carp

As the name suggests, Dianchi high-back crucian carp is a unique species of Dianchi Lake in Yunnan. It has a flat body and a high back. Its two biggest characteristics are: first, its length is about twice its width; second, its scales are dark gray, its back is black-gray, and its abdomen is lighter in color, such as silvery white or dark gray.

The biggest feature of the Dianchi high-back crucian carp is that it is fully female and undergoes gynogenesis. These purely natural fully female gynogenesis only occur in aquatic animals. Therefore, the Dianchi high-back crucian carp can maintain very stable professional characteristics. The Dianchi high-back crucian carp is currently mainly distributed in Yunnan. The purely wild Dianchi high-back crucian carp has long been included in the national aquatic population protection targets.

【Five】Alterative silver carp Zhongke No. 3

The engineering crucian carp we usually refer to is generally the Xiangyun crucian carp, but in fact, we have two other types of species bred with female breeding technology, also called engineering crucian carp, the first one is the Zhongke No. 3, this type of crucian carp is the result of long-term scientific research by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and is included in my country's 973 program.

With the full support of our country, a female breeding species was created. It has the characteristics of fast growth, large size, strong reproduction rate and strong drought resistance. It is an especially good artificially cultivated fish. It has no preference for food, as long as it is delicious, that is, it can be swallowed and digested. It is not picky at all and will eat anything given. Most importantly, it has good adaptability. It can be found in the streets, the Northeast or the Northwest, and its survival rate is very high. Its growth rate is 2 to 3 times that of ordinary crucian carp. The weight of a one-year-old fish can reach 200 to 300 grams.

【Six】High-yield crucian carp

The high-yield crucian carp, also known as the Baihua crucian carp, is an excellent variety of crucian carp created by the Fish Seed Research Laboratory of South China Normal University using fish cell engineering. It is generally considered to be a female-bred technically engineered crucian carp with a single color and a relatively moist appearance, especially the dorsal fin is very high.

The high-yield crucian carp is large in size, grows fast, has a diverse diet, and has strong disease resistance. It can survive the winter naturally in the north without any protection. It is the first type of artificially farmed crucian carp in the north. Its size is between the native crucian carp and the Pengze crucian carp. It can weigh about 1 jin at one year old. Most of the crucian carp caught by anglers in the north are of this type.

[Seven] Xiangyun Carp

Xiangyun crucian carp is a hybrid crucian carp and also the earliest type of engineered crucian carp; the father was originally a wild carp in Xiang, and the original mother was a red crucian carp. After hybridization, two generations were bred, namely Xiangyun crucian carp No. 1 and Xiangyun crucian carp No. 2. Xiangyun crucian carp is an artificially hybridized infertile crucian carp. Because sex hormones are suppressed, its reproductive ability will become stimulated growth, resulting in a very fast growth rate like Sun Shangxiang.

At present, most of the crucian carp used for black pit fishing in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Northeast China and other places are Xiangyun crucian carp. By the way, due to the sterility of Xiangyun crucian carp, it is almost impossible to catch Xiangyun crucian carp in the suburbs.

【Eight】White Carp

Originally named Osaka Crucian Carp, Japanese Crucian Carp, it was introduced to my country in the 1970s. It is large in size, has a fast growth cycle, and is silvery white in color, so it was named white crucian carp. White crucian carp is very large, 2 to 3 jin is common; its back is high and humped, like a hunchback, with a big head and a long tail; and the diet of white crucian carp and silver carp is very similar, so in many lakes and reservoirs in China, as long as there are silver carp and bighead carp, there are almost white crucian carp. Because the scales of white crucian carp are reflected by the light source, the human eye observes that it seems to be shining, so when we fish for big fish, we usually catch white crucian carp.

The above-mentioned crucian carp are the most famous crucian carp species with the widest distribution in my country, but there are not only these species, such as the hybrid goldfish, the black crucian carp, Pu'an crucian carp, and Chuzhou crucian carp with extremely strong regional characteristics, and some are particularly unique and only produced locally, such as the shrunken crucian carp in Shaoguan, Guangdong, and the one named crucian carp because of its body shape, which is actually the mountain crucian carp of the perch family, all of which are very interesting.

Crucian carp is a fish of the class of bony fish, order of Cypriniformes, family of Cyprinidae, genus of Carassius, including more than a dozen species. The more common species are black crucian carp, silver crucian carp, Pengze crucian carp, heterotrophic silver crucian carp, Xiangyun crucian carp, mountain crucian carp, white crucian carp, double-back Liangzha Luan crucian carp, red crucian carp, etc. Among them, black crucian carp lives in Europe and Northeast my country, and silver crucian carp is distributed in Europe and temperate regions of the Asian continent. Xiangyun crucian carp and heterotrophic silver crucian carp are mainly artificially cultivated species.

Mountain crucian carp, red crucian carp, black crucian carp, Xiangyun crucian carp, Pengze crucian carp, silver crucian carp, heterotrophic silver crucian carp, double-back crucian carp, and white crucian carp.

Fang Zheng silver crucian carp, native crucian carp, Qihe crucian carp, Dianchi high-back crucian carp, and Xiangyun crucian carp are all common species in our lives.